This year is the ninth year of the official implementation of the "Plastic Restriction Order". In some places, the situation of plastic restrictions is getting more and more embarrassing, and many small shops still provide free plastic bags. What do you think of the implementation effect of the plastic limit order?
Last week, a survey of 2007 respondents conducted by the Social Investigation Center of China Youth Newspaper showed that 41.9% of the respondents thought that the "plastic restriction order" was implemented well, 31.6% thought it was average, and 26.4% said it was not effective. Vegetable market (69.4%), street vendors (65.5%) and supermarkets (56.3%) were cited as the places where plastic bags were used most. 86.4% of the respondents believe that the use of plastic bags needs to be further controlled.
Vegetable market (69.4%), street vendors (65.5%) and supermarkets (56.3%) were accused of using plastic bags the most.
Zhang Hongyan, a 35-year-old staff member of a supermarket in Beijing, said that many people have developed the habit of bringing their own shopping bags when shopping in the supermarket. "The plastic limit order has still produced great results. I just feel that in the past two years, there has been some slack in implementation. " Zhang Hongyan said that the consumption level is rising, and some young people don’t care about a few cents, and sometimes they buy it for convenience.
Zhang Hongyan said that the vegetable and fruit areas are the places where plastic bags are used the most. "These should be classified and repackaged for weighing, so there is no way to avoid using plastic bags, and there is no way to restrict their use. Tearing plastic bags by hand in the supermarket is the biggest consumption every day. " Zhang Hongyan said frankly that some people think that plastic bags for fruits are free, so they will tear off a lot of them and take them away. "Now supermarkets can only put plastic bags near the staff to remind consumers to take them as needed.".
Liu Yufen (a pseudonym), a 61-year-old retired teacher, usually brings her own shopping bag when she goes to the supermarket, but she still needs plastic bags from supermarkets or businesses to buy food and fruit. "I can’t say that I bought two potatoes and still hold them in my hand. They are all soil and can’t be mixed." She believes that the "plastic limit order" has provided an excuse for some businesses to buy and sell plastic bags. "Plastic bags are still used everywhere, especially in the vegetable market." She said that there are still many products that are over-packaged, which is "a waste".
Do people care about spending a few cents on plastic bags when shopping at ordinary times? 60.1% of the respondents would care, while 39.9% said they didn’t care. On which occasion are plastic bags used most frequently? The vegetable market (69.4%), street vendors (65.5%) and supermarkets (56.3%) were the most frequently used, followed by express delivery and take-out (32.9%) and shopping malls (22.1%).
Regarding the implementation effect of the "Plastic Restriction Order", 41.9% of the respondents thought it was good, 31.6% thought it was average, and 26.4% said it was not effective.
Liu Junhai, a professor at the Law School of Renmin University of China, believes that the enforcement effect of the Plastic Restriction Order is not ideal. Judging from the current social situation, it is basically that merchants make money, consumers pay the bill, and plastic bags are used at will. This is not the original intention of the "Plastic Restriction Order", but the original intention of the "Plastic Restriction Order" is to curb and put an end to the prevalence of plastic bags. But now, plastic bags are still produced as before, sold as before, used as before, and businesses make money as before.
71.6% of the respondents believe that consumers do not establish environmental awareness and actively abide by the "plastic limit order"
The "Plastic Restriction Order" has been implemented for nine years, and some people say that the effect is not as good as the original one, or even "exists in name only". Liu Junhai believes that there are four main reasons for this: "First, since the implementation of the policy for nine years, there has been no evaluation of the effect after the event, and there will be no greater progress without evaluation. Second, businessmen are mercenary, basically putting ‘ Plastic limit order ’ As a way to make a profit, while charging for plastic bags, consumers are not provided with free environment-friendly shopping bags at the same time. At that time, on the one hand, merchants should be required to limit the sale of plastic bags, on the other hand, they should be required to provide free paper bags or cloth bags at appropriate prices. Third, consumers are irrational about the consumption of plastic bags and don’t care about buying plastic bags for a few cents. It is not enough to promote consumers to use environmentally friendly paper bags and cloth bags and recycle them. "
The implementation effect of the "plastic restriction order" is not satisfactory, and 71.6% of the respondents believe that consumers have not established environmental awareness and do not take the initiative to comply; 62.4% of the respondents pointed out that supervision is not in place and it is difficult to establish a plastic-limited environment; 52.3% of the respondents believe that the policy lacks specific regulations and guidance; 41.3% of the respondents pointed out that retail merchants still offered plastic bags for free.
Liu Junhai believes that the "government’s hand" is missing in regulating the use of plastic bags. Liu Junhai introduced that the "Plastic Restraint Order" was interpreted as "selling" in some places when it was implemented. He felt that consumers would definitely not be willing to use it as long as they needed to spend money. After a long time, businesses would naturally not be able to sell it, and they wanted to use the "invisible hand" of the market to regulate the use of plastic bags. This design idea is good, but it does not solve the problem because it is not operable. In the eyes of many consumers, plastic bags are just needed, so they can only buy plastic bags from merchants without shopping bags, and with the improvement of residents’ living standards, a few cents can no longer be used as a means of market regulation.
"As long as it is continuously produced, it will definitely be used in large quantities. Now the farmer’s market is still using a large number of unqualified plastic bags, which has not been curbed from the beginning. Moreover, industrial policies and regulatory policies are not compatible. " Liu Junhai said, "The manufacturer’s illegal production of plastic bags has not been detected, which is the failure of supervision by the regulatory authorities and the lack of administrative punishment means. It is also debatable whether macro-control means such as tax rate, interest rate and government procurement can serve the macro-control policy of limiting plastics."
86.4% of the respondents think that the use of plastic bags should be further controlled.
According to the poll, 86.4% of the respondents think that it is necessary to further control the use of plastic bags, and 36.1% of the respondents speak frankly.
Zhang Hongyan hopes that the government will strengthen publicity, raise consumers’ awareness of environmental protection and consciously reduce the use of shopping bags. "Secondly, we should produce more high-quality plastic bags for everyone to recycle and reduce waste."
Liu Yufen believes that the supply should be cut off from the source. "In the past, when there were no plastic bags, we all bought vegetables with baskets and wrapped them in kraft paper. There was nothing inconvenient and there would be no white garbage. Later, plastic bags were made, which was convenient, but the pollution was also serious. "
Effectively reduce the use of plastic bags, and 56.0% of the respondents suggested strengthening the supervision and implementation of the plastic limit order; 54.7% of the respondents believe that it is necessary to strengthen scientific research and innovation and develop and upgrade environmentally friendly plastic bags; 51.2% of the respondents suggested that it is mandatory to stipulate that certain places cannot be bought or sold; 51.0% of the respondents hope that the policy will block the details gap; 39.9% of the respondents hope to strengthen citizens’ environmental publicity and education and consciously reduce the use of plastic bags.
Liu Junhai suggested changing the "plastic restriction order" into "plastic prohibition order". "It is forbidden to produce and use plastic bags, and plastic bags are replaced by paper bags, recyclable cloth bags and woven bags. Take green business models and lifestyles such as green production, green sales and green consumption as review, reflection and improvement ‘ Plastic limit order ’ The important guiding ideology. "
"Industrial policies and regulatory policies and macro-control measures should be coordinated. Evaluation, supervision and administrative punishment must be kept up. Hearings and expert argumentation meetings are necessary, and representatives of consumers, environmental protection organizations, enterprises and experts are allowed to participate to discuss and find out the problems existing in implementation, the blind spots of system design, the shortcomings of policy implementation, and the reasons for regulatory failure. Take the right medicine, improve the system design, and ensure that a good policy system takes root. " Liu Junhai said, "We should combine environmental protection, resource protection, building a resource-saving society, an environment-friendly society, building a new socialist countryside and a farmer-friendly society to create a resource-friendly, environment-friendly and farmer-friendly market ecological environment shared by consumers, operators and farmers".
Among the respondents, 33.9% live in first-tier cities, 40.4% in second-tier cities, 19.9% in third-and fourth-tier cities, 4.3% in small towns and counties, and 1.4% in rural areas. 16.1% were born after 90, 51.8% after 80, 24.2% after 70, 6.6% after 60 and 1.0% after 50. (Reporter Du Yuanchun)