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How does China’s cultural soft power affect the world in 2016？

　　[Introduction] American scholar Joseph Nye put forward the concept of "soft power", and the attraction of culture is an important part of it. Let’s take stock of 2016 and see how the "soft power" of China’s culture is constantly affecting the world.

　　The Supreme Leader’s Talk on Governing the Country is popular all over the world.

　　During the G20 Hangzhou Summit in 2016, what foreign journalists are most concerned about in the news center is whether they can get the book "The Supreme Leader’s Talks on Governing the Country". Shortly after the official opening of the news center on September 1, the "Supreme Leader’s Talk on Governing the Country" prepared by the organizer was taken into the airspace. China’s wisdom conveyed in the book deeply attracted Chinese and foreign journalists who came to interview.

　　Since its publication, The Supreme Leader’s Talk on Governing the Country has received sustained attention from the international community and aroused enthusiastic response. By the end of October, 2016, the book had been distributed over 6.2 million copies, including over 600,000 overseas copies, which achieved the highest overseas circulation record of Chinese political books in recent years, and also created the sales record of China’s book list varieties on Amazon.com in the United States.

　　Cao Wenxuan won the International Andersen Award, and China literature made the world sit up and take notice.

　　In April 2016, Cao Wenxuan won the "International Andersen Award", the highest honor in the field of international children’s literature, and achieved a zero breakthrough for China writers in this award. After winning the prize, Cao Wenxuan has always stressed on different occasions: "I am not a genius, but the overall level of China literature is constantly rising, providing a good platform for the world to see me."

　　Since the Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to Mo Yan, a China writer for the first time in 2012, international literary awards have paid more and more attention to the development and breakthrough of China literature. Liu Cixin’s "Three-body" won the Hugo Award and was well received by overseas readers. Even US President Barack Obama brought a copy when he was on vacation in Hawaii.

　　Third, the translation project of China’s contemporary works has caused a whirlwind in the western publishing industry

　　In 2016, the translation project of China’s contemporary works organized and implemented by Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China achieved remarkable results. A large number of literary translations with profound thoughts, exquisite art and excellent production are striding out with the sincerity of the Chinese nation.

　　The writer Mai Jia has caused a "wheat whirlwind" in the western publishing industry. After his novel Decryption was published in western countries, it caused a great sensation and set a record for English translation and sales of contemporary literary works in China. "Decryption" not only won the market, but also won the praise of mainstream western media. More than 30 overseas mainstream media, such as The Wall Street Journal in The New York Times and BBC, reported on Mai Jia and his novel creation and gave high praise. Mai Jia said, "How we are infatuated with them today, they will be infatuated with us tomorrow. China’s works ‘ Go out ’ We must fight a protracted war with optimism. "

　　Four innovationsclassicThe overseas tour of traditional Chinese opera fascinates foreign audiences.

　　What kind of Peking Opera movie can make Japanese audiences crazy? Following the overseas premiere of the 3D panoramic Beijing Opera film Farewell My Concubine at Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, USA, Farewell My Concubine, which won the "Lumiere Award", was shown for several days in the China Art Film Week of Tokyo Film Festival. Japanese audiences are full of praise for China’s bold attempt to display the classic Peking Opera art with 3D film technology. Over the past year, the overseas tour of Peking Opera film Farewell My Concubine in the United States, France, Britain and other countries has made Peking Opera go further into the world.

　　In December 2016, I, Hamlet, which was arranged by Zhang Jun Kunqu Art Center, was invited by many overseas performance organizations to come to Shakespeare’s hometown to perform Hamlet, which is the most familiar to British people, with China’s iconic traditional opera form Kunqu. Zhang Jun not only adapted Shakespeare’s famous works with ancient Chinese words and the rigorous qupai meter of Kunqu opera, but also challenged the four professions of "life, beauty and ugliness" by himself, giving the ancient Kunqu opera fresh vitality and conquering the London audience.

　　Fifth, China’s online novels lead European and American "otaku" crazy "chasing more"

　　This matter, many people did not expect. That is, China’s online literature has successfully gone abroad and landed in the secondary position in Europe and America, and its influence is beyond many people’s imagination. On the websites such as Wuxiaworld and Gravity Tales, which mainly translate China’s contemporary online literature, many foreign readers can see the grand occasion of "chasing after" Xian Xia, fantasy, romance and other novels.

　　Many foreign translation groups upload countless English texts every day, while European and American "otaku" seriously write long comments on books they like/hate.

　　The online novel "Panlong" is over, and western readers are waiting in line below to thank for the translation.

　　China has a long history of culture, and there are countless ancient books left behind, among which many precious ancient books have been exiled overseas for various reasons. The publication project of the Catalogue of Overseas Chinese Ancient Books initiated by Zhonghua Book Company has been listed as one of the five major points in the work of sorting out and publishing ancient books in the 13th Five-Year Plan, which will awaken more and more Chinese ancient books sleeping in foreign libraries, and more and more precious Chinese ancient books scattered around the world will be re-published in various forms, and the family background of Chinese ancient books will become clearer and clearer.

　　In 2016, this project has received positive responses from libraries in North America. At present, 13 overseas book collection institutions have joined the project of Overseas Chinese Ancient Books Catalogue. Why should we make every effort to compile a complete Catalogue of Overseas Chinese Ancient Books? Because if you want to know the influence of China’s ancient books and Chinese traditional culture on overseas, just look at it.

　　When Tang Xianzu met Shakespeare, the binary stars of Chinese and Western cultures shone.

　　Four hundred years ago, two bright superstars fell in the human starry sky. They belong to the East and the West, but they are immortal giants in the history of literature. Through centuries, people still enjoy their spiritual creation in theaters and books. On December 6, 2016, Chinese and British experts and scholars gathered in Shanghai for the "Dialogue across Time and Space — — Sino-British seminar to commemorate the 400th anniversary of the death of Tang Xianzu Shakespeare. Tang Xianzu’s meeting with Shakespeare indicates the broad prospect of China’s traditional culture going to the world.

　　In 2016, in order to commemorate the 400th anniversary of Tang Xianzu’s death, Shanghai Kunqu Opera Troupe rehearsed Tang Xianzu’s masterpiece Peony Pavilion, Purple Hairpin Story, Handan Dream and Nanke Story, which constituted a complete version of Linchuan Four Dreams. The series has held 42 performances at home and abroad, and it is hard to get a ticket everywhere.

　　Eight Jackie Chan hit a sky, and the Oscar lifetime achievement award went to Chinese.

　　On November 12, 2016, Jackie Chan won the Oscar Lifetime Achievement Award, and he was also the first Chinese to win this honor.

　　Jackie Chan spread China’s action movies around the world, and was the first actor to combine kung fu and comedy perfectly. More importantly, Jackie Chan opened a new perspective for foreigners to see a different China and a different Chinese. As Jackie Chan himself said, "The time when no one listened to Chinese is over!"

　　For the China audience, the childhood without Jackie Chan’s movies is certainly incomplete.

　　Nine China movies take advantage of the wind to go out to sea.

　　For many years, going abroad has been the goal of China film industry. However, the piecemeal state makes China’s films have little influence overseas. Now China filmmakers finally realize that unity is power. Going out to sea in groups has become a common choice for everyone.

　　On November 30, 2016, the Film Bureau of the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television held a symposium on overseas work of "China Movies Showing All over the World" to discuss how to further promote the overseas influence of China films under the new situation.

　　More than 30 first-line film production companies, including Chinese Culture Holding Group, Chinese Film, Wanda Film, Enlight Film, Huayi Film and LeTV Film, actively organized groups. At the end of the year, the film "The Great Wall" was released, which was the first step out of the international packaging of China films.

　　Ten documentaries "Challenges Facing China" won the 68th Emmy Award in Los Angeles.

　　On December 16th, 2016, the launching ceremony of the third season of the documentary "Challenges Facing China" was held in Beijing.

　　The Challenge Facing China is a series of feature films produced by the Foreign Language Channel of Shanghai Radio and Television Station, which is hosted by robert lawrance kuhn, an internationally renowned expert on China. It is the first documentary on social reality in China to observe, study and analyze the current situation in China from the perspective of westerners. The first season of the film was broadcast in 2012, and since then, it has landed in many overseas mainstream media such as the United States, Germany and Australia. In the United States alone, its first and second seasons were broadcast on 210 public television stations. As of July 2016, there were more than 4,000 episodes, and the coverage rate in the top ten cities in the United States climbed from 70% in the first quarter to 96% in the second quarter.

　　"China has become the second largest economy in the world. The documentary we filmed is to tell the world a real China. " Kuhn said. The interview and filming of the program lasted more than one year, with a total journey of more than 40,000 kilometers. The program is simple, vivid and eloquent, explaining to the international community what is the "Chinese dream", how to realize it, what is the biggest challenge to realize it, and what it means to the world.

　　At present, this documentary has been recognized by a large number of audiences at home and abroad, and is known as "opening up the public opinion field between China and the West". It not only won many domestic awards, but also won the 68th Emmy Award in Los Angeles this year.

　　* This article is the exclusive manuscript of Wenhui. Unauthorized reproduction is strictly prohibited. | The picture comes from the network.

Classic Compilation ｜ Improving Rawls’ Theoretical Framework of Justice： A Perspective of Gender and Cultural Differences

Susan Okin: Gender and Cultural Differences

abstract:

As one of the representative political and social theorists of liberalism, the late famous scholar Susan Okin has long been concerned about the tension between the respect for group cultural customs and the protection of women’s rights and interests advocated by multiculturalism. In this paper, Okin tries to solve such a problem by refuting the criticism of anti-essentialist feminism: how to establish a justice theory that is universal and principled and can take into account the differences between individuals and social groups? Through comparative analysis based on empirical research, Okin reiterated the legitimacy of gender as an independent analytical category, and it is applicable to the situation of women in different cultural and economic backgrounds. Finally, she advocates an improved Rawls’ theory of justice, introducing gender and family into this framework, and establishing a theoretical framework of feminist justice through "veil of ignorance", which can simultaneously consider the universality and differences in women’s experience.

About the author:

Susan Moller Okin, Department of Sociology, Stanford University

Compilation source:

Okin, S. M. (1994). Gender Inequality and Cultural Differences.Political Theory, 22(1), 5-24.

Susan Okin, author of this article

Theories of justice are suffering from some kind of identity crisis. After all, how can the theory of justice be universal, principled and based on sufficient reasons acceptable to all, while taking into account the differences between individuals and social groups? Feminism is one of the first schools to point out that a large number of people are excluded from the so-called universalism theory. Some feminists even point out that many feminist theories ignore racism, heterosexualism, class, religion and other prejudices while considering gender discrimination or prejudice. However, when other prejudices are taken into consideration by feminism, some feminists also find that it seems that there is a problem to establish a theory of justice on the basis of completely listening to the views and needs of each specific individual or group-is it possible to draw any principles of justice in this way? Considering the possibility of "false consciousness" (Note 1), is it even possible that this is a reliable method? Will emphasizing differences, especially cultural differences, not fall to relativism?

This is an important issue. It is now acknowledged that most theories of justice did not take many different groups into account when they were constructed. However, how can we construct a coherent and feasible theory of justice and make all different groups express themselves and get the attention they deserve? This article will return to this question at the end.

Feminism, Differentialism and Essentialism

Feminists have had much discussion about differences. One aspect of the discussion is a continuation of an old argument-about how women are different from men, what may cause this difference, and whether these differences require other aspects of law and public policy to treat women and men differently. Another (newer) aspect of the discussion about differences is about the differences between women. Some people think that talking about women and talking about women’s problems, especially the problem of women’s "self", is an "essentialist". According to this view, the upper-middle-class feminists of white people not only exclude or don’t care about the women’s problems of other races, cultures and religions, but also don’t care about the women’s problems of other classes besides themselves. Therefore, people who oppose this essentialism believe that "gender" is a problematic category unless it is used under the restrictions of race, class, nationality, religion and other differences.

The accusation of feminist essentialism is valid for some works. For example, well-off feminists like Harriet Taylor, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Virginia Woolf, Simone de Beauvoir and Betty Friedan all seem to assume that their liberated women will live on servants. Except for Woolf who briefly discussed the difficulties of maids, most of them did not pay attention to the problems of servants-of course, most of them were women. In the mid-19th century, many middle-and upper-class white feminists only considered their own tendencies of women of the same class and race (some even became explicit racists), which made Sojourner Truth make a sharp and famous shout in her speech: "Am I not a woman? （Ain’t I a women? ) "But I think, and will be discussed below, this essentialism problem is far from appearing in most recent feminist works. But now there seems to be more and more criticism of "essentialism". Elizabeth Spelman wrote in "Non-essential Women"(In Essential Women) (1988) is a summary of such views: "The concern about women as women is only aimed at a group of women-white middle-class women in western industrialized countries" (Note 2). In some circles, this has been considered as a self-evident truth.

There are three main sources that hold that many feminist theories are essentialism recently: postmodernism under the influence of Europe; The works of African-American and other ethnic feminist women in the United States and Britain; And spelman’s book "Non-essential Women". Postmodernism is skeptical of all universal or general propositions, including feminist propositions. It holds that the core concepts of feminist thought, such as "gender" and "woman", are as unreasonable as other categories that do not consider individual differences.

Spelman, on the other hand, holds that "as a woman is a Trojan horse of feminist ethnocentrism"; The great mistake of middle-class white feminists is to exclude women who are different from themselves from their social criticism, or even if they are included, they assume that no matter what their differences are, they have the same experience of gender discrimination. She believes that the existing theory is at most "an additive analysis, that is, in a society where racism and sexism coexist, the oppression of black women seems to be a further burden, but in fact it is a different burden."

However, these anti-essentialist arguments often stay in theory and lack empirical evidence. Most of spelman’s examples about the differences of women’s experiences of oppression come from slavery in ancient Greece and the south before the American Civil War. But at present, it is not clear how much the obvious contrast between the experiences of white slave owners’ wives and black female slaves is related to most of the same or different problems involving forms of gender oppression today.

In addition to the lack of relevant evidence, spelman’s anti-essentialism proposition has two problems. One problem is that this view holds that feminist theorists either recognize that gender identity is intrinsically related to class, race or other aspects of identity, or completely ignore the influence of these differences. But this is completely untrue. People can refute that gender discrimination is an identifiable form of oppression, and women can feel its influence regardless of race or class, but there is no need to deny the seriousness of racial and class oppression.

Another problem is that spelman misplaced the burden of proof, which probably made her think that there was no need to provide a basis for her claim. But in fact, the burden of proof lies with the critics. In order to convince people, she needs to prove how the theory accused of essentialism omits or distorts the experience of others except a few. One problem with anti-essentialist feminism is that it tends to replace arguments and evidence with "we are all different". As will be demonstrated below, when some western feminist views on justice are applied to the situation of poor women in many poor countries, it can be concluded that the situation of these women is "similar to ours (white women) but worse" ("similar to ours but more so").

Therefore, this paper responds to spelman’s challenge and makes a reasonable and rigorous test of anti-essentialism feminist theory. Spelman said to the new research on women in many fields, "These researchers should not assume that women have something in common as women, but should help us to see if they have something in common; We should not infer that what is right for some women is right for all women; We must investigate the lives of different women and see what they have in common. "

As a scholar trained in philosophy, spelman seems to think that there is no need to actually examine some empirical evidence. After publishing the above arguments, she went back to discuss Plato. However, as a political scientist, the author of this paper tries to study some comparative evidence in this paper, and applies the theory developed under the background of women in rich western industrial countries to examine the situation of some of the poorest women in poor countries to test some views on justice and inequality in western feminism. In the face of huge cultural and socio-economic differences, how does the description and explanation of gender inequality in western feminist theory stand the test?

Similarities and differences of gender oppression: poor women in poor countries

In order to answer the questions raised in the last section, this part will discuss four specific issues in turn, which have recently aroused the discussion of many feminist scholars and development theorists who criticize British and American political theories. First of all, why has the problem of gender inequality been ignored or covered up for so long, and it has not been taken seriously until recent decades? Second, why is it so important to solve this problem? Thirdly, when we apply the standard of justice to the family, and when we examine the gender inequality that is concealed in the family, what do we find? Finally, what will these findings mean to policy making?

Why is the focus on gender relatively new?

In development studies and justice theory, until recently, there was an obvious lack of attention to gender, especially the systematic inequality between the sexes. This point was put forward in the theory of justice in the 1980s. In the literature of development research, this issue was first put forward by Ester Boserup, but it has only received more attention and development from scholars in recent years. In these two research fields, women and gender issues are ignored for two main reasons.

The first reason is that researchers have long assumed the family as the basic unit of analysis and research, while men are usually assumed to be the head of the family. The dichotomy between public domain (political and economic domain) and private domain (family and personal domain) is acquiesced, and only the former (namely public domain) is considered as the scope of development research and justice theory. In ethics and political theory, the family is usually considered as an unsuitable field to discuss justice, because love, altruism or common interests are considered to occupy a dominant position in the family. On the other hand, people sometimes think that the family is a hierarchical and unfair field. (Some theorists, including Rousseau, even agree with both views at the same time! ) The dichotomy of public and private and the assumption that men are the parents have caused many serious influences on women, because these assumptions not only blur the inequality in the distribution of resources and power within the family, but also lead to the fact that a lot of work done by women is not regarded as work, because all recognized "work" is considered to be done in the "public" field for remuneration. Many jobs that women do, such as giving birth and raising children, cleaning and maintaining the family, caring for the elderly and the sick, and contributing to men’s work in various ways, are not considered as jobs. Obviously, at this point, the situation of poor women in poor countries is not fundamentally different from that of most women in rich countries.

The second reason is that researchers fail to separate data or arguments by gender, which is closely related to the first reason. Recently, there has been a practice called "false gender neutrality", such as using neutral terms ("he or she", "persons", etc.), but it is invalid or wrong if it is actually applied to women.

The above two reasons have the same impact, that is, women have not been included in the researchers’ consideration, and the problem of gender inequality has been covered up.

Why is gender important?

As discussed in the book Justice, Gender and Family, the author thinks that the neglect of gender and women’s life by justice theory and development theory is an important problem for three reasons. First (and obviously), women are very important (at least for feminists), and their well-being is at least as important as men.

Second, the failure of social justice theory to face up to the problem of gender inequality has seriously affected the equality of opportunities-including women and girls, and more and more boys. Part of the reason is that families headed by women have greater financial difficulties. According to recent estimates, one-third of households in the world are headed by single women, and the proportion is much higher in areas where men migrate in large numbers. Millions of children are affected by the high poverty rate in these families. In addition, the gender division of labor has a more direct impact on the opportunities of girls and women, which exists at all levels. Women’s opportunities are greatly influenced by the structure of family life, especially the fact that women almost always take care of people, which has a great influence on whether they can engage in full-time paid jobs. This also leads them to overwork frequently, which makes them not considered as having economic value like men. This is also "similar but more serious" among poor families in many poor countries. Girls may work for their families at an early age, and they are much less likely to be educated and literate than boys in the same family, and they are less valued and less likely to survive than their brothers, because they are more likely to be deprived of food or medical care.

Thirdly, it is important to solve the problem of fair distribution within the family, because the family is the first school for moral development and can be said to be the most influential school. It is the first environment for us to experience how people treat each other. In this environment, we may learn how to be fair or unfair. If children see that gender differences are the cause of obvious discrimination, they will certainly be affected in their personal and moral development. This view was first put forward by John Stuart Mill (1988) in the western context. He thought that in his time, the typical British family had a "distorted influence", and therefore he called it "a school of despotism". Compared with families in developed countries, many third world families seem to be worse moral schools, because they have successfully instilled that gender inequality is natural and appropriate.

Family justice

This paper compares the findings of British and American feminists on intra-family equity in their society with the recent findings on welfare and burden distribution of poor families in poor countries, and finds that the two are similar in many aspects about gender injustice.

In these two societies, due to discrimination and gender segregation in the workplace and the belief that women are "naturally" responsible for all or most unpaid housework, women’s opportunities to engage in paid work are limited. Whether in developed or developing countries, a large number of women’s work is unpaid, and women are considered to be "unproductive". Therefore, there is a huge gap between male and female economic participation in national statistics. The view that women’s work is of low value (despite the fact that they do more in most places, and this is crucial for the survival of family members) leads to the devaluation of women’s value and less power inside and outside the family. This in turn makes them lack the ability to reduce their dependence on men economically. Therefore, women fall into "a cycle of socially caused and distinctively asymmetric vulnerability". Moreover, as mentioned above, in many poor countries, this power difference is not only reflected in the overwork of women, but also in the deprivation of feeding, health care and education for girls, and even in whether they can be born.

In rich and poor countries, women’s participation in work outside the family can generally improve their status in the family, but this point needs further deliberation. Comparing Barbara Bergmann, 1986)’ s analysis of the situation of American "coolie wives" with Peggy Sanday, 1974)’ s research, we can get interesting findings. The former finds that American "coolie wives" undertake almost all the unpaid work of their families while earning money from full-time work, while the latter finds that in some third world countries, although they do not engage in "coolie wives".

This leads to the problem of women’s economic dependence. Although most poor women in poor countries work long hours every day, they are often economically dependent on men all over the world. This is also "similar but worse" than the situation of many women in rich countries. This is because many of their jobs are unpaid, and even paid jobs are paid less. Feminist critics believe that in many cases, development theory and development policy makers only think that the change of "progress" has intensified women’s economic dependence on men. Mainstream theorists always regard women as dependents, but they don’t notice that from the perspective of women, technology, geographical mobility and the transition from subsistence economy to market economy are not pure benefits, but crowd out women from traditional economic and social roles, make them enter the modern sector, suffer discrimination and exploitation, and the cash income they get is often lower than the level of subsistence, which in turn increases women’s economic dependence.

In rich and poor countries, women, as the sole breadwinner of their families, often face special difficulties. In most countries, discrimination against women in employment, salary, retention and promotion is widespread, which is obviously unfavorable to families headed by women. In the United States, the average income of full-time women is just over two-thirds of that of full-time men; Three-fifths of the long-term poor families with children are single-parent families. The situation of some poor women in poor countries is different from that of most western women today, but it is obviously worse: even if they have no other financial resources, they are actually prohibited from engaging in paid labor (based on religious laws or oppressive cultural norms).

This is a real difference, that is, most western women are no longer oppressed by paid labor. But back to the similarity: when comparing some western feminist views on justice with the work of poor women in poor countries, there is another similarity, which is related to the power dynamics within the family. Albert Hirschman’s theory of the differential exit potential has recently been used to explain the power within the family, especially the situation of women in poor countries: any factor that improves the husband’s exit (family) choice or reduces the wife’s exit choice will give men more voice or bargaining power in family relations. Similarly, any conditions that can improve the wife’s exit choice-such as the human or material capital she has gained-will increase her autonomy and put her in a more favorable negotiating position in this relationship.

In the United States, recent research shows that the economic status of women and children (compared with their needs) usually deteriorates after separation or divorce, while the economic status of men actually improves after divorce. This finding, combined with the withdrawal theory, means that the wife’s bargaining power is weaker in marriage. In poor countries, severe poverty combined with women’s lack of paid employment opportunities has increased women’s dependence on men, and men’s power in the family-which has been recognized by highly patriarchal cultural norms in most cases-is likely to be strengthened.

Policy enlightenment

Recently, scholars who study the situation of poor women in poor countries have put forward some solutions, which are very similar to those put forward by western feminists who mainly care about their own society. (The "solution to the problem" here refers to what theorists and social scientists need to do to correct their analysis and what policymakers need to do to solve the social problem itself. )

First of all, we must strongly challenge the dichotomy between the public sphere and the family sphere, and draw people’s attention to the unfairness within the family-including various forms of abuse, unfair distribution of food and health care, etc.

Secondly, from the above point of view, the analysis unit that conducts research and formulates policies must be an individual, not a family. For example, Dasgupta, 1993) thinks that, considering that men have a greater say in politics, public decisions that affect the poor in poor countries are often guided by men’s preferences, rather than women’s needs (which often conflict with them); "Maximizing happiness as a model to explain family behavior must be rejected … The goal of public policy should be people, not families … The government needs to realize that families are a resource allocation mechanism".

In particular, women in poor countries are more likely than women in rich countries to provide the only or main financial support for their families. They need as many opportunities as men to get credit, skills training, labor market and technology, and their jobs need equal pay for equal work. For the survival of the family, for the overall social and economic status of women, and for improving their bargaining power in the family, there is an increasing need for policies to promote women’s full participation in the economy and production.

Enlightenment for thinking about justice

Finally, this paper briefly discusses and compares two different ways of thinking about gender justice in different cultures, and argues that for feminists who think about justice, if John Rawls’s justice theory is revised to take women and family into consideration, it will become an important ideological resource, especially the application of veil of ignorance. Because if everyone only from their own point of view, it will be difficult for us to put forward any principles of justice. However, veil of ignorance can hide his personal characteristics or social status from people in the original state, thus forcing them to consider as many different voices as possible, and pay special attention to those worst social situations. Veil of ignorance can make us reconcile the seemingly contradictory requirements of universality of justice theory and consideration of multiple differences among human beings.

Ruth Anna Putnam advocated a strong anti-essentialism stance in her thesis, and accused Rawls and the author of this article of being exclusive essentialism to varying degrees. She put forward an "interactive" or "dialogic" feminism, that is, listening to the voices of women of color and women of different classes, and using all the voices she heard in theoretical construction. Admittedly, listening and discussing have many merits; On the bright side, they are the foundation of democracy. However, we can’t always be inspired just by asking those who seem to be suffering from unfair treatment what they want. Because people often internalize their oppression so well that they do not know what rights they should enjoy as human beings. The same is true of gender inequality. People who are severely exploited sometimes not only accept these exploitation, but also feel happy because of some "small mercies". Due to deep-rooted ideology and other reasons, the essence of being deprived of rights is sometimes suppressed and covered up. However, it is ethically wrong to underestimate the loss of their well-being because of their survival strategies.

Compromise and acceptance of the status quo is not a good prescription for social justice. Therefore, this paper holds that it is completely reasonable for people who have not been indoctrinated by unequal culture and social norms to stand up and criticize this culture constructively. After all, distance does not mean indifference: dedicated outsiders are often better at analyzing and criticizing social injustice than people living in relevant cultures. This is why concepts like Archimedes point like "the original position" are so valuable. As Papanek pointed out, "well-socialized" women are internalized as a necessary condition for successful women’s growth in a culture with cruel customs. Although these women may keep vivid memories of their great pain, they will continue these cruel acts and impose them on their own daughters, or at least allow their own daughters to suffer them.

As some feminist scholars who study the development theory have shown, using the concept of gender and refusing to let differences stifle or fragment our analysis does not mean that we should over-generalize or try to apply "standardized" solutions to women’s problems in different situations. For example, Martha Chen believes that it is necessary to make a concrete analysis of women’s roles and constraints before making solutions and policies. Papanek also believes that helping women realize the oppression they are suffering requires quite in-depth and specific cultural knowledge.

Therefore, the conclusion of this paper is that gender itself is an extremely important analytical category, and we should not be paralyzed by the fact that there are differences between women. As long as we are careful and make our judgments based on empirical evidence, it is possible to generalize many aspects of gender inequality. Theories developed in the western context, at least to a great extent, can be applied to women in different cultural backgrounds. From different places, different classes, different races and different cultures, we all find similarities in the causal particularity of gender inequality, but they are different in scope and severity.

Note:

1. "false consciousness": a term in Marxist theory, which refers to the exploitative relationship in class society that is misled and covered up by material, ideology and system design.

2. Spelman, Elizabeth V. 1988. Inessential woman: Problems of exclusion in feminist thought. Boston: Beacon.

Compile | Lu Dawei

Audit | ｜Anders

Final review | Li Zhixian

©Political theory annals

Frontier Tracking/Theoretical Methods/Expert Review

ID: ThePoliticalReview

Original title: Classic Compilation | Improving Rawls’ Theoretical Framework of Justice: A Perspective of Gender Issues and Cultural Differences

Its products were drastically withdrawn, and the emergency strategy of the 10 billion private equity fund was iterated, saying that it would not charge performance compensation before the net value re

Cailian News Agency, February 19th (Reporter Shen Shuhong)Before the Spring Festival, due to the extreme reversal of market style, a storm without warning swept through the field of private equity quantification.

Just today, the Billion Private Equity Fund released the latest operation statement, saying that before the Spring Festival, there were many situations in the market, such as the lack of liquidity and the stampede of funds in CSI 2000 and beyond, and the company’s related strategies had a heavy excess withdrawal. Among them, the company’s CSI 500 refers to an excess return of -11.70% in the week before the holiday, and the CSI 1000 refers to an excess return of -7.7% in the week before the holiday.

"After experiencing such a profound market lesson, our investment research team is very sad and self-blaming." Zhuozhi Fund said that in view of the optimization of risk control under various extreme market conditions, the R&D team carried out high-intensity strategy iterative development during the Spring Festival, and completed upgraded versions of 500-index increase, 1,000-index increase and neutral hedging strategy, which were launched on the first trading day after the Spring Festival. At the same time, the net value of the insightful quantitative products held by investors has retreated, and the fund does not charge any performance compensation before the net value is restored.

Quantitative risk control experiences unprecedented impact.

Two weeks before the Spring Festival in 2024, the A-share market fluctuated greatly, with extreme style reversal, liquidity trampling and macro restrictions, just like a storm without warning, which made the quantitative industry and quantitative risk control experience an unprecedented impact. This is not only a challenge about numbers and algorithms, but also a test of extreme risks and macro risks.

In fact, since December 2023, the Insight Fund has observed that the strategy optimizer has automatically started to continuously tighten the exposure of various styles. From January 29th to February 2nd this year, the stock market began to show a more obvious correction trend of small-cap stocks, and the futures premium also began to widen. Under such relatively difficult market conditions, the company’s strategy optimizer further tightened the risk control parameters to the lowest value in the past six months.

In that week, the strategy of Zhuozhi Fund suffered a retracement in excess, but the excess fluctuation was still within the controllable range of strategic expectations. "Considering that the strategy optimizer has adjusted the market environment in the right direction and has certain adaptability, we decided to continue to observe the performance of the strategy in the next week."

Subsequently, from Monday to Wednesday in the week from February 5 to February 8, a large amount of funds began to continuously buy CSI 500ETF and CSI 1000ETF, which triggered a variety of situations such as the lack of liquidity of CSI 2000 and after, and the trampling of funds, and the long and short forces began to be unbalanced. During this period, Zhuozhi Fund found that the original risk control system of the strategy has been difficult to control most of the excess retracement, and the core reason for the excess retracement has become that the stocks held by the strategy are not constituent stocks of CSI 500 and CSI 1000. No matter the stocks with large market value (CSI 300) or small market value (CSI 2000 and beyond), they all significantly underperformed the 500 and 1000 indexes.

During this period, in order to avoid risks, a large amount of funds stampeded to convert stocks with large market value and small market value into 500 and 1000 constituent stocks, and the chain process intensified. In this process, the company’s strategy optimizer has been constantly increasing the proportion of 500 and 1000 constituent stocks. It was not until the last trading day before the Spring Festival that the CSI 2000 Index was pulled up.

It is worth mentioning that a large number of snowballs issued in the market have been knocked in before. After knocking in, rigid stock index futures are generally closed at the same rhythm point, which leads to the expansion of stock index discount, which in turn leads to the lightening of positions such as quantitative hedging strategy, which makes the stocks in the spot market fall again, once again triggering the vicious circle of snowball knocking in.

During the two weeks before the Spring Festival, the company’s investment research team has been tracking, analyzing and optimizing the market environment, strategic risk control and sub-strategies. Especially in the last week before the Spring Festival, for two days, the investment and research team stayed up all night to discuss and optimize the strategy, hoping to find a solution to the current problem immediately.

"Our alpha strategy has historically held more Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 constituent stocks than the industry average as a risk hedge for holding small-cap stocks in the strategy group. In this week’s market, many stocks began to lose liquidity, and large-cap and small-cap stocks underperformed the 500 and 1000 indexes at the same time, and the strategy still produced a heavy excess retracement."

Risk control system fails to fully consider macro factors.

According to public information, Zhuozhi Fund was established in 2016. The founder of the company is Zhang Zhuo. There are a number of top Wall Street researchers working together on research and development, with more than 70 members, accounting for 80% of the investment research team. Most of the main members are from Tsinghua, Peking University, China University of Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Princeton University, Columbia University, University of Pennsylvania and other well-known universities at home and abroad. They are all high-tech talents in the fields of computer, electronics and mathematics. The core competitiveness of the team lies in the establishment. At present, the company has mature technology and rapid development, and its management scale exceeds 10 billion.

Regarding the general retracement in the quantitative industry, Zhuozhi Fund said that in the market of the existing stock game of A-shares, the extreme behavior that a large amount of funds concentrated on buying broad-based ETFs led to market imbalance aggravated the transfer of liquidity in the market; The basis of superimposed stock index futures widens, and neutral strategies have the power to lighten positions (because they can make profits with larger basis), which also intensifies the lightening, rapid flight and further stepping on the quantitative industry.

At the same time, a large number of snowball products in the whole market and the continuous withdrawal of DMA leveraged funds will also have an impact, breaking the long-term logic of the data dimension. Under such non-market spontaneous behavior, the original law does not work, and the market pricing is in a disorderly state, which in turn leads to the withdrawal.

Talking about the excessive withdrawal of the company’s products, Zhuozhi Fund believes that the company’s risk control system mainly relies on the laws of historical data, and fails to fully consider the risks that may be caused by macro factors such as non-market, that is, pursuing the mathematical solution angle of the portfolio in various characteristics and keeping the benchmark similar.

Take the market value as an example. In the past, Zhuozhi Fund used to control the exposure of portfolio by weighting the market value. While holding a certain large market value stock, it also held a certain small market value stock. From a mathematical point of view, it can hedge the market value style risk by holding both large and small market value stocks to be neutral. This risk control measure has not exposed great risks in the firm market with a history of more than four years, nor has it shown excessive fluctuations in longer data, and it is long-term effective in the American market.

"However, in the market where a large amount of funds are concentrated on buying CSI 500ETF and CSI 1000ETF, the risk of the market has become whether to hold enough constituent stocks, which magnifies the impact of the risk factor of constituent stocks holding. If the 500 and 1000 constituent stocks held are not high enough, it will bring huge excess retracement. Other excess sources related to the low market value factor failed to bring other alpha benefits in the extreme trampling environment in these two weeks. "

There may be a good excessive rebound after trampling.

"After experiencing such a profound market lesson, our investment research team is very sad and self-blaming." Zhuozhi Fund said that in view of the optimization of risk control under various extreme market conditions, the company’s R&D team worked overtime during the Spring Festival and carried out high-intensity strategy iterative development. The upgraded version of the 500-finger increase, 1000-finger increase and neutral hedging strategy has been completed, and it was launched after the Spring Festival. The new version of the strategy keeps the historical similar income characteristics, and the excess volatility is controlled at 3%-4%. With the subsequent iterations, there is still room for further improvement in the strategic benefits and stability.

Specific to risk control, the company launched the sub-module of macro-risk control during the Spring Festival and made a lot of extensions to the localization characteristics of A shares, that is, to balance the mathematical laws with the characteristics of A shares as much as possible; In the aspect of excess income mining, we should persist in and further disperse the excess sources, control the position distribution, multi-methodology and multi-trading frequency bands to expand the low-correlation excess income sources, and the two optimization effects will minimize the above-mentioned tail risk impact.

It is worth mentioning that the company said that the net value of the quantitative products held by investors has been withdrawn, and the fund does not charge any performance compensation before the net value is restored.

Talking about why we continue to hold the quantitative strategy, Zhuozhi Fund said that it still refers to the development path of the US market. This wave of market may cause the overall quantitative industry to retreat, but the excess will certainly continue to hit new highs in the future. Relatively speaking, the positioning of quantification in various mainstream assets is still cost-effective.

According to Zhuo Zhi Fund, after this excessive withdrawal before the Spring Festival, there are several changes that are highly certain:

First of all, the competition of quantitative strategy will be much weakened. After experiencing this market, the overall scale of the quantitative industry will shrink. The redemption of some quantitative funds and the sharp decline of DMA scale will reduce the competition of quantitative strategies and make the excess better than before.

Secondly, the quantitative risk has been fully released. With the pre-holiday quantitative stampede and excessive withdrawal, the risks accumulated by quantitative strategies in the past years have been greatly released and even oversold. In the future, the operation of quantitative strategy will go into battle lightly and usher in a relatively good market environment.

According to the experience of overseas quantitative industry in stampede retracement, the company believes that there will generally be a good excess rebound after stampede. "After this excessive retracement, the quantitative market has been cleared, and I believe that investors will definitely usher in an excessive rebound and recovery of income."

(Cailian reporter Shen Shuhong)
Reporting/feedback

Wenchang introduced a new financial management system to increase the transfer payment to the town.

　　In order to give full play to the role of municipal financial regulation and control, concentrate financial resources on major events, and standardize the financial distribution relationship between towns and governments according to the principle of matching financial power with administrative power, Wenchang City has formulated the sixth financial management system of Wenchang City. The scheme embodies the principle of matching financial power and administrative power at the township level from four aspects, and realizes the equalization of basic public services and financial resources distribution. First, the mode of financial management system in the sixth phase changed from "support by revenue, support by expenditure" to "support by demand, support by expenditure", and all the income in the town budget was paid into the state treasury at the city level, and the whole city made overall arrangements. The second is to ensure the basic expenditure at the town level, and the personnel expenditure is adjusted with the adjustment of policies, and the adjustment of demand funds is the responsibility of the municipal level. Three is to increase the town management and construction funds, management and construction funds according to the jurisdiction of the population per person per year 200 yuan calculation and approval. The fourth is to establish a super-base reward mechanism to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of towns to grasp income and adjust expenditure structure. The plan strengthens the transfer payment to towns, improves the stable growth mechanism of balanced transfer payment, increases the transfer payment subsidy to the construction and management funds in the jurisdiction on the basis of ensuring the normal operation funds of towns, ensures the capital construction and management expenses of towns, narrows the financial gap between towns, and effectively promotes the balanced development of towns in the city.

In-depth exploration of China consumption trend in 2025： policy fulcrum, structural opportunity, ＂people-oriented＂ marketing, ESG risk …

Text | consumption new push official

In 2024, the total retail sales of social consumer goods in China reached 48.79 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.5% over the previous year. This shows the resilience of China’s consumer market, but it also means that China’s economic development has bid farewell to high growth rate and formally turned to a new stage of high-quality development, and the consumer market has also shown a structural upgrade. Behind this is the objective law of economic development and the development of human needs at the bottom, which is also the foundation of China’s confidence and determination in the development of consumer brands.

To understand the direction of the structural transformation of the consumer market, we first need to clarify the reasons for insufficient consumption.

Per capita disposable income and its expected shortcomings are the key factors. At the same time, some enterprises are facing operational difficulties, and the unemployment rate of young people has aroused great concern. In addition, the slowdown in economic growth, the scar effect of epidemic situation and the mismatch between supply and demand have all affected consumption to some extent. These problems will eventually lead to a common result-consumers generally feel insecure, which is also the lowest logic behind insufficient consumption.

The change of consumers’ mentality will eventually appear as actual consumption behavior, which is also the structural adjustment direction that consumer enterprises need to focus on. First of all, in daily life, consumers pay more attention to their actual needs and "pay the bill accurately", such as diet, basic health and spiritual enjoyment. Secondly, "avoiding future risks" has become an increasingly important consideration in consumers’ purchase decisions, and consumers will subconsciously "tighten their wallets" to reduce unnecessary expenses, which has also led to a slowdown in the consumption growth of large-scale expenditure products such as automobiles, furniture and household appliances in the past year. In addition, for optional consumption represented by luxury goods such as wearing and beauty, consumers’ pursuit of value preservation, practicality and quality-price ratio is increasing, and they are more sensitive to price changes.

With the more cautious consumption of Chinese residents, "just need" has become the core driving factor of consumption decision-making. At the same time, with the increase of residents’ consumption insecurity and the upgrading of consumer demand, the connotation and extension of "just need" are undergoing profound changes. In addition to the upgrading and adjustment of consumption structure, CBNData also noticed the incremental opportunities in the domestic sinking market and the sea market, and discussed them in detail in the White Paper.

In this context, on December 11th, 2024, the Central Economic Work Conference clearly listed boosting consumption and expanding domestic demand as the primary task of economic work in 2025, which indicates that the consumer market will usher in more solid policy support in the future.

In the short term, "trade-in" is an important policy, in which "greening", "intelligence" and "aging" have become the key directions, and these are also important trends in category consumption upgrading. Angel, a brand of water purification, believes that in the face of the consumption upgrading trend of home appliance industry, the core of brand competitiveness lies in its deep insight into consumer demand and continuous technological innovation. According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, the supported categories of new energy vehicles, household appliances, smart homes and digital electronic products achieved significant growth in retail sales in October 2024. In 2025, the policy also made triple efforts in terms of subsidies, financial support and subsidies.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

However, the old-for-new policy is more of a "powerful medicine" to promote consumption, which has a quick effect, but to some extent, it treats the symptoms rather than the root cause. The key to the continuous expansion of consumption lies in whether China can adapt to the long-term upgrading trend of consumption structure and form a new growth model dominated by service consumption. The most noteworthy direction is the emergence of new consumption represented by digital consumption, green consumption and healthy consumption.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

In addition to the evolution of consumption structure, the development of cities is also closely related to commercial development. From the emergence of cultural tourism cities to the first economic competition, the trend of one city, one IP, one industry, one group of people is coming and going. How to capture the fleeting "dividend" of urban development is also very important for enterprises to achieve the phased growth goals.

With the external environment of intensified competition and insufficient demand, the consumer market is full of variables, but it also contains infinite possibilities. In this critical period, the supply-side capital began to look for high-quality enterprises with long-term thinking; The demographic changes on the demand side also provide new structural opportunities for the industry.

On the supply side, some service consumption tracks that were neglected in the past showed growth potential in 2024, attracting entrepreneurs and capital inflows. At the same time, under the prudent investment logic, capital favors scientific, large-scale and extremely subdivided categories. It is worth mentioning that in 2024, the capital players in the venture capital market have undergone structural changes, and the patient capital represented by state-owned assets and CVC has accelerated into the consumption field and become a new force in consumer investment.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

The secondary market has also undergone structural changes in the past year. The most obvious thing is that consumer companies have flocked to go public overseas, especially Hong Kong stocks have become the first choice for enterprises to queue up for IPO. From the results, domestic consumer enterprises have made brilliant achievements, and many brands, including Mao Geping, Bruco and Small Vegetable Garden, have successfully realized their dreams in 2024. However, the successful listing only means that enterprises have stood at a new starting point, and what awaits them in the future is a more rigorous examination of the capital market.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

On the demand side, silver-haired people and Generation Z are working together to lead China’s consumer spending to climb. CBNData will divide people of different city levels and generations, make a comparative analysis according to their consumption willingness and income stability, and gain an in-depth insight into the consumption characteristics and behavior changes of different people, especially those with silver hair over 60 years old and generation Z, so as to better understand the differences in consumption choices of high consumption potential groups and the influencing factors behind them.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

CBNData found that in 2024, beauty care, 3C digital products, and sports and fitness products were the categories that silver-haired people wanted to consume most. At the same time, they also actively explore emerging small categories such as household medical devices and smart home equipment, and the overall consumption shows a trend of "trendy", "younger" and "customized".

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

Compared with other age groups, Generation Z is more willing to spend in 2024, paying special attention to instant gratification, happy experience and social functions brought by consumption. For example, the student party tends to spend leisure and entertainment and electronic products and hardware; Generation Z, who just entered the workplace, has more diversified consumption preferences, attaches importance to personal image management, and some favor pet consumption and real estate investment. It is worth mentioning that Generation Z treats the world with a pragmatic attitude and disenchants consumption. They like to "rent instead of buy" and pay more attention to the price and emotional satisfaction of daily commodity purchase than the brand.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

The diversified transformation of supply and demand is transmitted to the consumer market, showing the characteristics of good performance of essential consumer goods, weak overall optional consumer goods and sustained release of service consumption demand.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

Around the seven tracks of food and beverage, beauty and personal care, pet consumption, outdoor sports, tide play, cultural tourism and catering, the White Paper has carried out specific demand mining in chapter 2.3. CBNData found that essential consumer goods, such as food and beverage, showed a fierce competition in the growth trend, and the rise of white brands and the increase of capacity promoted the popularity of Oleqi and Fat Donglai. Among optional consumer goods, beauty personal care products are continuously involved and the demand is highly subdivided. Especially under the background of "scientific skin care" and "streamlined skin care", the skin care brand represented by Fulifang Si has become a "safe choice" for consumers. The "experiential" consumption areas driven by self-satisfaction, such as sports outdoor products and pet consumption market that directly hits emotional value, continue to strengthen; As a relatively small track, Chaowan Wenchuang industry has strong resilience in growth rate and there is still room for expansion. In the cultural tourism consumption market, the travel willingness of the Z-era and silver-haired people significantly exceeds that of other age groups, which together shape the future pattern of the tourism market; Compared with the popularity of cultural tourism, the catering market in 2024 has entered the stage of replacement of excess stores. Whether it is sinking or exploring the mode of small stores, businesses are still trying to transform and save themselves.

In 2024, the marketing environment is more complicated and uncertain. The relationship between supply and demand is further tilted to the buyer, the convergence of goods, markets and contents is intensified, and the marketing kinetic energy is increasingly insufficient. Facing the current situation, CBNData believes that taking "people-oriented" as the cornerstone, focusing on systematic and emotional content marketing, focusing on quality-price ratio, experiential channel marketing and accelerating brand marketing are creating opportunities for enterprises to maintain their vitality.

In terms of content marketing, the "head-only anchor theory" of talent marketing has been unable to support the long-term healthy development of the brand in the past two years. If the brand wants to reach consumers efficiently and accurately, it needs to be prepared from the dimensions of coverage, accuracy and richness when formulating marketing strategies. Therefore, KOC with strong trust, KOS with strong transformation and vertical talents with heavy tonality have become the key layout of brand systematic marketing. For example, Bawang Tea Kee anchored college students as its KOC incubator; Estee Lauder has built a KOS matrix of nearly 700 accounts in November 2024; On October 18th, 2024, L ‘Oré al participated in the live broadcast of Spring Appreciation Treasure with goods and exceeded one million sales.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

At the same time, emotional resonance has become an important starting point for brands to convey their minds. Among them, short plays, cultural tours and sports events, as the content carriers that have been heating up in recent two years, have become the bridge between consumer enterprises and consumers, attracting a large number of brands to lay out. How to participate in short play marketing? How to capture the upsurge of cultural tourism? How to take advantage of sports bonus? The White Paper is also disassembled in detail in chapter 3.1.2 for the three major content marketing directions.

In terms of channel marketing, in the absence of really good product and consumption mobilization ability, doing deep quality-price ratio and doing heavy experience has become the problem-solving ideas of many brands. In 2024, keywords such as low price and quality-price ratio became hot topics in the industry. Many brands actively laid out hard discount channels such as snack shops in this year, and in order to avoid affecting the "brand value", they set a "bottom line" that only provided channel-specific products or channel-specific new products.

However, although the distribution of discount channels can indeed alleviate the brand’s traffic anxiety to some extent, it is not the only choice for brands. Some brands regard the added value such as experience and interaction as the consumption reason provided to customers. Yigrowth, a marketing service agency under Yingfan Technology, said that for such brands with overweight experience, because online e-commerce channels are easy to capture the characteristics of each user’s transaction link, industry players put forward the concept of full-link experience and can create a seamless experience journey for consumers by optimizing five types of experience contacts; Creating an immersive space, providing additional services, and strengthening interaction have become important ways for brands to create differentiated experiences offline.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

In the face of the zero growth slowdown of domestic social organizations and the fierce marketing environment, in addition to doing a good job in content marketing and channel marketing to achieve efficient reach and transformation of consumers, many consumer enterprises choose to speed up the pace of "going out to sea". At the same time, based on the consideration of long-term strategy and the avoidance of changing risks such as platform policies and geopolitics, more and more enterprises began to strengthen brand attributes and compete with overseas brands for the minds of local consumers. In this context, the DTC model represented by independent stations and offline self-operated stores has become a new beacon for enterprises to enter the "international cycle" in the past two years.

At present, consumer enterprises are undoubtedly in an era of VUCA, and risks are ubiquitous, interrelated, unclear, unpredictable and difficult to attribute. How to survive and develop in such an environment has become the core proposition for every enterprise to answer.

By combing the risk disclosure sections of the annual reports of 143 consumer listed companies in the world in fiscal year 2023, CBNData summarizes seven types of risks faced by current consumer companies. Compared with the data of risk disclosure of consumer companies in 2023 as a whole, macro-political and economic factors, ESG-related risks and policy, law and compliance risks have become the TOP3 risks with the largest increase. Among them, ESG, an emerging risk with wider coverage, is particularly worthy of attention by enterprises.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

What are the key topics of ESG? According to A-share "Guidelines for Sustainable Development Reports of Listed Companies (Trial)", ESG-related information disclosure of enterprises needs to include 21 specific topics in three dimensions: environment, society and governance.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

For consumer enterprises, ESG issues are all-encompassing, and CBNData believes that supply chain and product design are the key cut-in links to systematically deal with environmental dimension risks. This is mainly because most of the energy and material resources consumed by consumer enterprises occur in the supply chain. Only from the distribution of greenhouse gas emissions, enterprises that provide end products and services such as food, fashion and FMCG account for 77%-90% of the total emissions only in the upstream (supply chain) of the third scope. The key to solving the problem of supply chain lies in the product research and development and design links firmly controlled by consumer enterprises. CBNData also focuses on how consumer enterprises respond to climate change risks in Chapter 4.1.2 of the White Paper.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

The risk of social dimension is a more diverse and complex sector. For consumer enterprises, employees are the core issue. Based on the classification standards in the market, CBNData believes that the issues related to employees are mainly focused on the four themes of labor management, employee health and safety, human capital development and supply chain labor standards, and each category has different subdivision directions worthy of attention.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

Another emerging risk that deserves the attention of consumer enterprises is the risk of network information and data security. On the one hand, in recent years, the global demand for consumer digital information protection has been increasing, and the cost of non-compliance (fines and reputation losses) has been rising; On the other hand, ensuring network information security is also one of the necessary preconditions for enterprises to realize digital transformation strategy, and the dependence of each link on digital infrastructure in the process of enterprise operation is also increasing. Therefore, the importance of overall network information security, including IT infrastructure and digital assets, is increasing.

Image source: CBNData "Su Xin 2024 White Paper on the Growth of Consumer Brands in China"

It is not enough for enterprises to manage short-term and medium-term risks in order to achieve longer-term growth goals. Corporate sustainable development (CSD) rooted in stakeholder theory has become a common choice for consumer enterprises to systematically cope with risks, build organizational resilience and drive long-term growth. The White Paper also focuses on the sustainable development strategy of consumer enterprises in chapter 4.2, and discusses how sustainable development strategy can create value for enterprises in three aspects: risk management, improving return on capital and driving future growth.

Reporting/feedback

COP27 Gains and Losses： The ＂loss and damage＂ fund was established for the first time, and the commitment to eliminate fossil fuels fell through.

Intern reporter Wang Shihan

In the early morning of November 20th, local time, the 27th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (hereinafter referred to as COP27) was officially closed in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt.

After two weeks of climate negotiations, diplomats from nearly 200 countries and regions reached a final draft agreement. Agreeing to set up a "Loss and Damage" fund is a breakthrough resolution of the draft and the most significant progress of the COP27 conference. The relevant provisions were approved at the subsequent plenary meeting.

This oneThe fund will provide funds for fragile countries to make up for their losses caused by climate disasters. Specifically, it includes irreversible economic costs (such as life, food, land, etc.) and non-economic costs (such as culture, sovereignty, human rights, biodiversity, etc.) caused by extreme weather events such as hurricanes, heat waves, droughts, and long-term climate disasters such as sea level rise and glacier melting.

This COP27 conference is "loss and damage"Be included in the official agenda for the first time.. This topic focuses on whether the rich countries responsible for historical emissions should make climate compensation to the fragile countries and how to implement the compensation.

At last year’s COP26 conference, the Group of 77 and China proposed to establish a "loss and damage financing mechanism", but it was rejected by developed countries. One year later, the establishment of the "Loss and Damage" Fund marked a key breakthrough in the pressure exerted by developing countries and small island countries on developed countries over the years.

However, because many important details have not been finalized, it will take some time for the "loss and damage" fund to come out. According to CNN’s report, there are still some issues to be clarified, including determining when the terms will be finalized and put into operation, and how to determine and expand the sources of funds. The latter is particularly tricky, that is, it is necessary to determine which countries should contribute to the "loss and damage" fund.

Decisions on these issues will be postponed until next year.

Official website, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (hereinafter referred to as UNFCCC), shows that governments have agreed to set up a "transition committee", which will make corresponding suggestions at the COP28 conference to be held next year. The first meeting of the "Transition Committee" is expected to be held before the end of March 2023.

In addition, the COP27 Conference also launched a plan led by the Group of Seven (G7) called "Global Shield Financing Facility", which will provide funds for countries suffering from climate disasters. Led by Germany, the G7 will provide 105.6 million US dollars (about 750 million yuan). Pakistan, Ghana and Bangladesh will be the first recipients of funds.

At the same time, the final draft resolution of COP27 is also criticized. Little progress has been made on many issues of great concern, especially the failure to make a commitment to "gradually reduce the use of all fossil fuels" in the final resolution, which has disappointed the proponents’ expectations.

During the congress, India took the lead in making suggestions, hoping to expand the scope of reducing the use of fossil fuels from coal to all fossil fuels, including oil and natural gas. This proposal was supported by the European Union, the United States, Britain and other economies, but it was not adopted by the final resolution of the General Assembly.

The provisions on fossil fuels in the resolution still continue the contents of COP26, that is, gradually reduce coal use and gradually cancel inefficient fossil fuel subsidies.

In personal social media, Ani Desgupta, president of the World Resources Institute, commented that the result was "disappointing". "The provisions of the COP27 agreement on curbing emissions have basically copied and pasted the contents of the Glasgow Summit (COP26) last year, without any new major measures." He said.

Although a few countries expressed their opposition, COP27 still adhered to the temperature control target of 1.5 C. The Group of Twenty (G20) also reiterated its support for the temperature control target of 1.5°C at the G20 Summit held in Indonesia recently.

It should be pointed out that this goal faces severe challenges. An analysis released by UNFCCC in October showed that only 24 of the 193 countries that agreed to strengthen climate action at COP26 submitted new climate plans; If greenhouse gas emissions are not greatly reduced, the earth will warm up by an average of 2.1 to 2.9°C by the end of this century.

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)It is also warned in a report that the continuation of existing emission reduction commitments will lead to a global warming of 2.8 C; To achieve the temperature control target of 1.5℃, greenhouse gas emissions need to be reduced by 45% compared with those under the current policy before 2030. Therefore, COP27′ s emission reduction commitment that has not been updated has caused widespread concern.

Ursula von der Ursula von der Leyen, president of the European Commission, told the Guardian that "Cop27 has maintained the temperature control target of 1.5 C.. Unfortunately, it has not fulfilled the commitments of the world’s major emitters to gradually reduce fossil fuels, nor has it fulfilled its new commitments to slow down climate change. "

During the COP27 conference, China also made new progress in climate cooperation and emission reduction. On November 19th, local time, China’s special envoy for climate change, Xie Zhenhua, said in a special press conference of the China delegation that after the leaders of China and the United States met at the G20 Summit, according to the requirements of the leaders of the two countries, the special envoys for climate issues of China and the United States had formally negotiated in Sharm el-Sheikh how to cooperate to promote the success of COP27.

"The climate consultation between China and the United States is very constructive." Xie Zhenhua said, "We agreed to continue formal consultations and even face-to-face consultations after this conference."

On the afternoon of November 14th, China countries.Chairman XiJin Ping and US President Joe Biden met at the G20 Summit and mentioned that the global response to climate change cannot be separated from the coordination and cooperation between China and the United States. Earlier, China and the United States suspended climate change talks for several months.

As early as November 9, local time, Xie Zhenhua said that he had started informal talks and exchanged letters with John Kerry, the US President’s special envoy for climate.

On the same day, Xie Zhenhua also revealed the latest progress in methane emission reduction in China. Methane is the second largest greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. He said that China has compiled a national strategic plan to strictly control and reduce methane emissions, mainly including three important areas: energy and natural gas, agriculture and garbage disposal; And initially determined the emission reduction targets.

Reporting/feedback

[Keep in mind the entrustment of the General Secretary and enterprise research] The remodeling of Ordos

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has been very concerned about the economic and social development of Inner Mongolia. In 2014 and 2019, he visited Inner Mongolia twice, and proposed that the energy-rich areas in Inner Mongolia, including Erdos City, are important national energy and strategic resource bases, and the article on modern energy economy should be done well.

　　From 2018 to 2021, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to the Inner Mongolia delegation of the 13th National People’s Congress for deliberation for four consecutive years. In 2019, when attending the deliberations of the two sessions, the General Secretary asked Inner Mongolia to explore a new path of high-quality development that conforms to strategic positioning, reflects the characteristics of Inner Mongolia, and is oriented towards ecological priority and green development.

　　Ordos cadres and the masses bear in mind the entrustment of the General Secretary, seek a way out and blaze new trails in the transformation, lead quality change, efficiency change and power change with new development concepts, strive for progress steadily on the road of high-quality development, and reshape themselves.

　　Ordos, Inner Mongolia, surrounded by the zigzag bend of the Yellow River, covers an area of 87,000 square kilometers. A quarter of the world’s cashmere products are produced here. The proven coal reserves are 210.2 billion tons, accounting for about one-sixth of the country and one-half of Inner Mongolia. The proven reserves of natural gas are 4.9 trillion cubic meters, accounting for about one-third of the country.

　　In the past, when Ordos was mentioned, people would think of "sheep coal rustic". The energy structure is biased towards coal, the industrial structure is biased towards coal, and the economic structure is scattered. Non-coal industry accounts for only 32% of industries above designated size, and coal and related industries account for more than 50% of the total economic output, which can be described as "coal". "Mining coal to sell coal" was once the main economic growth mode in Ordos.

　　Travel far from you, forge ahead vigorously. Ordos opens the road to remolding: guided by the new development concept, it dares to break through the "ceiling" of development, constantly calibrates the "coordinate system", strives to be the vanguard of Inner Mongolia’s economic development, and gradually realizes the "gorgeous turn" of high-quality development in the new era.

　　"The road to remolding is a profound revolution, and it needs to show the courage to dare to try, dare to break and dare to stand, which is related to whether Ordos can continue to lead the economic development of Inner Mongolia." Li Li, secretary of the Ordos Municipal Party Committee, said that it is necessary to maintain strong political determination and win the green and low-carbon transformation war of this resource-based city.

　　Jiutai New Materials in Dalu Industrial Park, Zhungeer Banner, Ordos City. Photo by Jia Xinlong (Zhongjing Vision)

　　Breaking the game, "partial students" want to solve the problem of one coal monopoly.

　　Every day at 12 noon, it is the maintenance time of Shangwan Coal Mine of Ordos National Energy Group Shendong Coal Group. More than 110 meters underground, Zhang Lihui, the mine manager, led the reporter along the gateway and approached the fully mechanized mining face. He said that as long as the shearer cuts down, more than 2,000 tons of coal will fall on the conveyor, be transported to the coal bunker by belt, and be washed and pulled to the port.

　　"We are an all-electric vehicle demonstration mine, using Shendong and Huawei to cooperate ‘ Kuanghong ’ Realized the domestic substitution of the main transportation system. " Zhang Lihui said that through digital and intelligent application, the annual power consumption of Shangwan Coal Preparation Plant has decreased by more than 8%, the production efficiency has increased by 5%, the average daily production time has been shortened by one hour, and the coal quality stability rate has increased from 83% to 95%.

　　Li Xinhua, chairman of Shendong Coal Group, a national energy group, said that after the General Secretary proposed to Inner Mongolia that "we should pay attention to fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses, cultivating excellence and increasing efficiency, and go all out to transfer the structure, function and quality", they have been thinking about how coal enterprises develop, where the coal economy will go and how to become a benchmark for green, low-carbon and intelligent transformation.

　　Coal is an unavoidable topic in Erdos. There is coal in 80% of the city’s underground, and the prospective reserves are as high as one trillion tons, which can be dug for many years.

　　The industry in Ordos is "biased" seriously: of the 41 industrial categories in China, only 28 have statistics, only 6 account for more than 1% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size, and only one is coal; The characteristics of simplification and heaviness are obvious, the efficiency of resource utilization is not high, and the investment in scientific and technological innovation is insufficient.

　　Path change is first of all a change of ideas. Proceed from reality and be steady, even if there are some small fluctuations in the economy, we can’t change our direction. The Ordos Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government are making great efforts to study the assessment indicators of all flag areas in 2022, all of which are aimed at ecological priority and green development.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: Inner Mongolia should base itself on its advantages, tap its potential, make full use of its strengths and make up for its shortcomings, and strive to change the situation that traditional industries are more emerging industries, low-end industries are more high-end industries, resource-based industries are more high-value-added industries, labor-intensive industries are more capital-intensive and technology-intensive industries are less, and build a new modern industrial system with diversified development and multipolar support, forming a new development pattern with outstanding advantages, reasonable structure, innovation drive, regional coordination and integration of urban and rural areas.

　　What kind of industry can carry the future of Ordos? Making the energy and chemical industry bigger and stronger is a solid foundation for the economic development of Ordos.

　　"The transformation and upgrading of coal-related industries should drive the transformation of industrial structure and the construction of modern industrial system." Qian Gexiang, deputy director of the Department of Political Science and Law Teaching and Research of the Party School of Ordos Municipal Committee, said that the reshaping of the industrial structure should be led through the reshaping of the coal industry.

　　Under the rigid constraints of double control of energy consumption and the goal of "double carbon", a number of large projects exceeding 100 billion yuan in Ordos have been delayed, and a number of chemical projects are difficult to put into production on schedule because of the failure to implement energy consumption indicators. The industrial transformation and upgrading of this city is to seek the optimal solution under various pressures and constraints.

　　The local government began to focus on the transformation and appreciation of resources in the development of resource-based industries.

　　"Coal is the source of wealth in Ordos." Standing in the night of Etuoke Economic Development Zone, Fujian businessman Zheng Bin said with emotion.

　　In the cold winter, a chimney behind him was burning with fire, which was the coke oven tail gas discharged after burning, and the locals called it "the sky lantern".

　　What attracts Zheng Bin to invest and build a factory is resources. Inner Mongolia Dongri New Energy Materials Co., Ltd., where he works, is based on the local industrial base and makes coke oven tail gas into methanol and synthetic ammonia; Buy coal tar to produce anode materials for high-end lithium batteries; Using the vast desert and abundant silica resources, from polysilicon production to photovoltaic modules, and finally building photovoltaic power plants.

　　The Etuoke Economic Development Zone has a coking capacity of 12.7 million tons of coal. The main product is coke, while by-products such as coke oven tail gas, benzene and coal tar may cause pollution. Under the background of energy consumption "double control" and "two high" projects, it is unrealistic to expand the total amount from the source.

　　What should we do?

　　"It is necessary to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of coal as a chemical raw material, promote the high-end, diversified and low-carbon development of the coal chemical industry, take strengthening scientific and technological innovation as the most urgent task, speed up key core technology research, and actively develop coal-based special fuels and coal-based biodegradable materials." Jia Rui, member of the Standing Committee of the Otog Banner Committee and secretary of the Party Working Committee of the Otog Economic Development Zone, took the team to repeatedly study this passage of the General Secretary.

　　"The resource industry is our advantage. Changing the development mode is not to abandon the resource-based industry, but to extend the resource-based industrial chain, turn the raw material industry into a material industry, and the industrial chain will go downstream and the value chain will rise to the middle and high end." Jia Rui said that when they figured it out, they set foot on the road of investment promotion by extending the chain to make up the chain.

　　After visiting Henan Pingmei Shenma Nylon Engineering Technology Co., Ltd. for six times, the two sides agreed on cooperation projects: benzene will eventually produce nylon through intermediate products such as cyclohexanol and adipic acid; The intermediate products of local chlor-alkali chemical industry polymerize with adipic acid to produce degradable plastics, or continue to produce spandex. The leap from coal to cloth imagined by Ordos people is becoming a reality.

　　In addition, after the comprehensive utilization project of coke oven tail gas is completed in 2022, "lighting the sky" will become history in Otog Banner. Jia Rui said that for the three by-products of coal coking, we should build a whole industrial chain, and use green coking as the industry name!

　　The wind of green circulation has also blown to the smelting industry. Gao Yanping, duty manager of Ordos Hydrocarbon Energy Company, said that they produce 120,000 tons of methanol by using 300 million cubic meters of tail gas from the silicomanganese submerged arc furnace every year. The 140 million cubic meters of waste gas generated in this process was repurchased by Inner Mongolia Tonghui Tianke Gas Co., Ltd. to produce food-grade liquid carbon dioxide.

　　"Resolutely part ways with the thinking mode and behavior habit of high pollution, high energy consumption, high cost and low-level repeated construction." Wang Bo, chief of the comprehensive department of the Development and Reform Commission of Erdos City, said that promoting the stock upgrading of traditional industries such as chemical industry, metallurgy, building materials and cashmere with green and low carbon, and leading the incremental transformation of industries such as equipment manufacturing and new materials with high-end demonstrations, so as to accelerate the construction of a new pattern of industrial development.

　　After investigating many western cities, Hunan Zhuzhou Times New Materials Technology Co., Ltd. settled Mengxi Branch in Dongsheng Equipment Manufacturing Base. Tang Gexin, deputy general manager, said, "Ordos has superior location, broad wind power application scenarios, and huge upstream and downstream supporting facilities." The company has an annual output of 1200 sets of fan blades, which are mainly supplied to the western market, including Yuanjing Technology Group, which leads the construction of zero-carbon industrial park in Ordos.

　　Ordos, rich in "black gold", began to deploy innovation chain and service chain around the new industrial chain.

　　"The most important thing is to change from resource-driven to innovation-driven, and do everything possible to grasp innovation." Du Huiliang, acting mayor of Ordos City, said.

　　At the beginning of 2021, among all 475 industrial enterprises in Ordos, less than 20% had innovative activities. After a year’s action of "three zeroes" (no R&D investment, no R&D institutions and no invention patents), 26% of enterprises have achieved "three zeroes", which has driven the R&D investment of enterprises on the regulations to 3.47 billion yuan.

　　Ordos regards innovation as the primary strategy and puts forward measures such as innovation chain integration of industrial chain and supply chain; In 2021, the special funds for science and technology at the city level will reach 540 million yuan, and will increase by no less than 15% for three consecutive years in the future; 30 new policies for talents were introduced, and 100 million yuan of financial funds were used to attract talents from all walks of life; Actively create national innovative cities and national laboratories, build high-level national high-tech zones, and build national sustainable development agenda innovation demonstration zones.

　　In order to optimize the industrial layout, Ordos focused on solving the problems of repeated construction, chaotic supporting facilities and lack of fist park and fist industrial chain of chemical projects in various flag areas, and completed the conversion of old and new kinetic energy. At the same time, it is also proposed to keep a close eye on "new specialty and high precision" and build industrial clusters of special metal materials, new chemical materials, new carbon-based materials and new bio-based materials; Keep a close eye on frontier fields such as life and health, semiconductors and aviation materials, and strive to achieve a breakthrough from "0" to "1".

　　Everything must be done, and then it can be done. From "raw materials" to "materials", the local conversion rate of Ordos coal is close to 22%. In the first three quarters of 2021, the energy consumption of the whole society decreased by 741,000 tons of standard coal compared with the same period of the previous year, and the energy consumption per unit GDP decreased by 8.8%.

　　The curtain of remodeling has been opened.

　　Picture Panorama of Rose Culture Park in Dongsheng District, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia. Photo by Liu Bolun (Zhongjing Vision)

　　Forced to overcome difficulties and get rid of "path dependence"

　　Per capita GDP is 2.3 times of the national average, energy consumption per 10,000 yuan GDP is 4.2 times of the national average, and per capita carbon emission reaches 6.9 times of the national average; Coal accounts for 86.7% of primary energy consumption, which is 29.9 percentage points higher than that of the whole country!

　　The intensity of energy consumption, high carbon dioxide emissions, high proportion of coal consumption, extremely sharp structural contradictions of energy, and rather intractable high carbon emissions have made Ordos people face enormous pressure and challenges.

　　This city, which thrives on coal, must make two preparations: not only should it consider how to reduce carbon, reduce carbon and decarbonize industries like other regions, but also realize the goal of double carbon as scheduled with the whole country, and also find new economic growth points when the leading industries are "subtracted".

　　While making a fundamental change in the development mode, Ordos people have found that bright color: to force the adjustment of the city’s industrial structure and energy structure with the goal of "double carbon" and firmly grasp the development opportunities of the new energy industry in transition.

　　In the words of Su Zhongsheng, member of the Standing Committee of Ordos Municipal Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department, Ordos can be transformed if there is no "double carbon"; However, without "strict coercion", the transformation will lack the sense of urgency and the sense of responsibility for action. Huang Bocheng, director of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, said that the goal of "double carbon" has brought us a new opportunity to truly break the "resource curse" and get rid of path dependence.

　　To what extent is "forced"? In 2025, the installed capacity of new energy will exceed that of thermal power; In 2030, the total amount of new energy power generation will exceed that of thermal power generation. However, at present, the installed capacity of coal-fired power in Ordos accounts for 86.7% of the total installed capacity, and the installed capacity of renewable energy is still small. The consumption of renewable energy power is far below the national requirements for the responsibility weight of renewable energy consumption in Inner Mongolia, and the development of new energy is obviously lagging behind. It is not easy to "force"!

　　This change is not only an energy problem or an environmental problem, but also an overall, fundamental and systematic problem. The goal of "double carbon" can’t be achieved overnight, but it should be achieved step by step, first, the power system with new energy as the main body should be built, and then the use of fossil energy should be gradually reduced.

　　The Party Congress of Ordos City proposed to speed up the construction of a "scenery hydrogen storage vehicle" industrial cluster integrating energy production, equipment manufacturing and application demonstration, and to build a national new energy industry development demonstration base and an important source of green technology. It is also the first in the country to propose to build a zero-carbon industrial park and build a new power system demonstration city.

　　Wind, light, hydrogen, storage and vehicles are put forward in response to the simple extensive resource development model of "digging coal to sell coal and digging soil to sell soil".

　　Under heavy pressure, the real move landed. Each industrial chain of the five major industries is led by the municipal leaders, who thoroughly study the development pattern and trend of the industry at home and abroad, clarify the advantages and disadvantages of Erdos, find ways to make up the shortcomings, list the head enterprises in each link of the chain, attract investment with a clear aim, attract leading enterprises, attract upstream and downstream facilities, gradually develop from one enterprise to the industrial chain, and then gradually grow into an industrial cluster.

　　Located in Jiangsu Industrial Park in Ejinhoro Banner, the prospect modern energy equipment industrial park is in full swing. "Scenery hydrogen storage car" is the five major industries in the park, and the carrier is the first zero-carbon industrial park in China built by Vision.

　　Fan Fengdou, director of Yuanjing Modern Energy Equipment Manufacturing Project, explained: First, build a new power system with new energy as the main body; The second is to adopt real-time energy consumption and carbon emission management; The third is to export zero-carbon industry standards and norms, build an ecological chain, and build the last mile of zero-carbon industrial park through green certificate subscription, carbon sink trading and carbon emission rights trading.

　　In his view, Ordos, with superior geographical location, excellent new energy resource endowment and broad application scenarios, has provided superior element support for the development of the future, and the company’s technology accumulation in the source network has been used for many years.

　　After the arrival of Yuanjing Science and Technology Group, the leaders of Ordos City went to Shanghai, where Yuanjing headquarters is located, to hold investment promotion meetings for 36 upstream and downstream supporting enterprises, and so far 7 enterprises have signed contracts.

　　Feichi technology is coming! The first batch of hydrogen energy buses have been put into use after the construction of the hydrogen energy industrial park.

　　SAIC Hongyan is here! On November 22, 2021, the first batch of hydrogen heavy trucks delivered by SAIC Hongyan to users in Ordos City were put into operation.

　　Ordos also encourages leading enterprises such as Yuanjing and Jiutai to carry out research on key materials, units, modules, systems and recycling technologies for energy storage, aiming at solving the problem of new energy consumption.

　　"Changing ideas, transforming wind, light and hydrogen into green energy, cooperating with energy storage, doing a good job in new power systems, simultaneously introducing corresponding equipment manufacturing, integrating into the application scenarios of power heavy trucks, and opening up the industrial chain can form an industrial cluster of 100 billion yuan." Wu Yun, acting flag-bearer of Ejinhoro Banner in Ordos City, was very excited.

　　Ordos has successively signed cooperation agreements with 14 projects such as SAIC and CRRC Zhuzhou, and 33 projects such as Zhonglai Photovoltaic have signed cooperation agreements with the flag area. Most of these projects are "scenery hydrogen storage vehicle" new energy industry chain projects, which will form a strong support for the city’s economic development and industrial transformation after landing.

　　A good start made Erdos full of confidence.

　　During the two sessions of the National People’s Congress in 2021, when attending the deliberation of the Inner Mongolia delegation, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to identify the positioning of Inner Mongolia in building a new development pattern in the country, deeply analyze its own advantages and shortcomings, further clarify the key industries and main directions of economic development, and promote related industries to move towards high-end, intelligent and green, develop strategic emerging industries and advanced manufacturing industries according to local conditions, and promote infrastructure construction as a whole.

　　The earnest entrustment of the general secretary has inspired a steady stream of power for Ordos to reshape the energy industry.

　　Forced to "force" out of productivity.

　　In batuta Village, Wulanmulun Town, Ejinhoro Banner, the "Tianjiao Green Energy 500,000 kW Photovoltaic Power Generation Demonstration Project for Ecological Treatment of Coal Mining Subsidence Area" has realized grid-connected power generation. In addition to power supply, we will cultivate in the shallow subsidence area of coal mining, dig ditches and build ponds, and plant fruit forests to realize the reuse of abandoned land.

　　Xue Feng, deputy general manager of Yizheng New Energy Technology Development Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia Shengyuan Energy Group, who is in charge of the project, said that they also plan to build a photovoltaic power station with an installed capacity of 6 million kilowatts, with an average annual power generation of about 10.8 billion kWh and an annual output value of about 3.1 billion yuan, so as to realize the organic unity of resource development and economic, ecological and social benefits in the mining area.

　　Duan Zhiqiang, chief of the comprehensive planning section of Ordos Energy Bureau, brought a set of more intuitive data: during the "14 th Five-Year Plan" period, Ordos plans to implement 77 new energy projects such as landscape ecological management with an investment of 289.5 billion yuan; There are 8 green hydrogen industry demonstration projects with an investment of 67.058 billion yuan.

　　Forced to "force" creativity.

　　In order to accelerate the exploration of peak carbon dioxide emissions’s carbon neutrality path and strengthen the support of scientific theory, Ordos established the Carbon Neutralization Research Institute in September 2021, which is the first carbon neutrality research institute in Inner Mongolia. At the beginning of its establishment, it signed an agreement with Peking University and Tsinghua University to build a laboratory, and borrowed each other’s advantages to enhance its innovation ability.

　　Bai Yang, director of the project development department of the research institute, said: We will study carbon emission reduction and carbon transformation to realize the integration of information, technology, data and capital.

　　Forced to "force" the imagination.

　　Walking to the middle section of Kubuqi Desert, the drone looked around Dalat Banner, and a horse pattern consisting of 196,320 photovoltaic panels was panoramic. Looking up at low altitude, pieces of fish-scale single-crystal double-sided photovoltaic panels are arranged in a patchwork manner on the sand, and automatically rotate twice every minute with the change of the position of sunlight, which is like a shadow. On the side of the photovoltaic light-chasing board, there are four big diamond-shaped brands: sand turns into gold.

　　The total usable land area of Ordos is nearly 4 million mu, and the total installed capacity of exploitable photovoltaic is about 110 million kilowatts. The area with large-scale development of wind power projects is about 6758 square kilometers, and the total installed capacity of wind power that can be developed is about 15.25 million kilowatts. The 1 million kilowatt photovoltaic leader base implemented in Kubuqi Desert has been fully connected to the grid, making it the largest centralized contiguous photovoltaic power generation base in China.

　　"The back of the photovoltaic panel can also accept the reflection on the desert, thus improving the power generation effect by 5%." Wang Baohe, deputy director of the Development and Reform Commission of Dalat Banner, said that during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, Dalat Banner will continue to increase its installed capacity by about 9 million kilowatts, and it is expected to become a demonstration base for comprehensive development of 10 million kilowatts by 2025.

　　Power generation on the board, planting under the board; Complementary forest and light, multiple power supply; Ride the wind and drive the light. This is the "Mongolian horse spirit" of Wang Yang wanton, which is the "aura" of Erdos.

　　Seek the distance, the ecological priority after "the pain of the skin"

　　"Building Inner Mongolia into an important ecological security barrier in northern China is a strategic positioning based on the overall situation of national development, and it is also a major responsibility that Inner Mongolia must consciously shoulder." The people of Ordos remember what the General Secretary said when he visited Inner Mongolia in 2019.

　　"Ordos is very painful to the ecology. Here, ecological construction is endless, and ecological priority will always be given when conflicts occur. " Liu Xiaofeng, member of the Standing Committee of Ordos Municipal Committee and deputy mayor, said that its geography and landforms can be summarized by two "48%" — — 48% is desert, including Kubuqi Desert and Mu Us Sandy Land; 48% is hilly and gully region, where the soft sandstone is dispersed in the wind and melted in the water, which is one of the main sources of sediment in the Yellow River.

　　As the second longest city where the Yellow River flows, Ordos has always regarded the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin as a major political responsibility. The channel of the Yellow River is zigzag from top to bottom, Ordos is in the embrace of zigzag bend of the Yellow River, and Kubuqi Desert, which spans the west and east, runs side by side with the Yellow River. Water and sand are the protagonists of ecological construction in Ordos.

　　"Welcome to the Yellow River to see other scenery." Chang Hai, member of the Standing Committee of Hangjinqi Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department of Ordos City, updated his circle of friends: a picture of the Yellow River and a photo of the desert snow scene. He photographed the flowing landscape of this winter by the Yellow River. The cold wind roared, and a large area of white ice flowed along the main river with thick snow, which was spectacular.

　　Hangjinqi has been facing a dilemma for a long time: in the dam, the Yellow River water is mostly in trouble during the flood season; Outside the dam, the Kubuqi desert, which accounts for 52% of the flag area, is dry and short of water. In order to prevent the ice flood disaster, Qili has invested more than 10 million yuan every year to rescue and reinforce the dam, which is tantamount to adding insult to injury to Hangjinqi’s already weak economic foundation. Kubuqi Desert, which is adjacent to the Yellow River, is the nearest source of sandstorm to Beijing and Tianjin. The ecological environment is extremely fragile, and a large number of sandstorms roll into the Yellow River in winter and spring.

　　"In the past, there was no spring here, because there was no vitality until May and June." Yang Yongmao, former deputy director of Hangjinqi Water Conservancy Bureau, said.

　　"My bowlegged leg ran out in the desert." The 43-year-old herder named Gacha in Huangjiehao, Jiri Galang Town, Hangjinqi brought the reporter sea red fruit and milk tea.

　　When I was a child, I grazed, and there were few desert plants. The cattle and sheep that grew up eating camel bones were very thin. It was supposed to take six or seven days to dig a deep pit in the desert to drink cattle and sheep, but after ten days, the puddle was buried by sand again.

　　Trapped between water and sand, Hangjinqi people have a bold idea — — Dig a canal to divert water from the Yellow River into the sand!

　　In 2013, Hangjinqi invited experts to conduct on-the-spot investigation and demonstration, and compiled a feasibility study report. The conclusion is gratifying: introducing Lingshui into the desert depression to form a water surface during the high water level of the Yellow River ice flood can improve the desert ecological environment, achieve a win-win situation of reducing flood control pressure and sand control, and turn harm into benefit.

　　During the flood season in 2014, the Yellow River Lingshui was introduced into the hinterland of Kubuqi Desert for the first time. Since 2015, 360 million cubic meters of Lingshui has flowed into the Kubuqi Desert, forming a desert water ecology that stretches for hundreds of square kilometers.

　　The sand dunes are silky, the water surface is clear, and the sand and water are connected. Hippophae rhamnoides and newly planted poplars can be seen everywhere, and the leisurely white swan adds vitality to this wonderful still life picture.

　　Today, in addition to more than 70 cattle and sheep, it is rated that the survivors have contracted the desert reservoir to raise crabs and sell wild carp, earning more than 200,000 yuan a year. Desert quenches thirst, herders relieve worries, lush plants save forage, and the slaughter rate of cattle and sheep is also high. Cattle raised in three years are stronger than those raised in the past 10 years.

　　"In February 2020, I saw thousands of white swans in this desert water ecology." Yang Yongmao said that the Kubuqi Desert finally has spring.

　　Protecting the ecological environment means protecting the productive forces, and improving the ecological environment means developing the productive forces. At the moment of spring, Yang Yongmao really understood the essence of the general secretary’s ecological civilization thought — — A good ecological environment is the most inclusive welfare of people’s livelihood.

　　It’s not without detours. A few years ago, the Yellow River just entered the desert, and the grass grew vigorously. Every family raised more cattle and sheep, and the grass was not enough at once. When raising crabs in the first year of life, many seedlings were put in the pond, because the density was too high to grow well, so they could only be sold at a low price. Since then, he and farmers and herdsmen have understood that the carrying capacity of nature is limited. Only by fixing livestock with grass and production with water and loving this green water and green mountains can there be Jinshan Yinshan.

　　"The environment limits people’s imagination. Many people once thought that it was a fantasy to draw water from the Yellow River, just like building a sand road in those days. " The rated sand-crossing highway has been built since the early 1990s.

　　"Yellow sand is rolling all over the sky, and the lighting table in the house during the day. Pedestrians can’t see the road when they go out, but crops and pastures are buried in the sand … …” This local ballad sang the helplessness and pain of farmers and herdsmen in the hinterland of the desert at that time.

　　In 1997, Hangjinqi mobilized the people of the whole banner to "think big, plan far, do solid and do nothing" and go into battle to build a sand-crossing highway.

　　Jia Bei, a young man from Hangjinqi, remembers that when he started to build roads, he was at the starting point of building roads at the age of 8 — — Yi and Wusu Sumu Bayin Wusu Gacha went to school. Children go to the road construction site in grades, and bring water to adults in pairs, or water newly planted trees.

　　Jaber said that in order to avoid "I repair today and bury the sand tomorrow", people tried to "lock in the north and block in the south and cut in the middle", laying more than 20 million hectares of sand barriers under the tuyere, planting millions of saplings and building the first sand-crossing highway in three years. In the past 24 years, six sand-crossing highways have been built for the second time, and Kubuqi Desert has become the only desert in the world that has been successfully managed as a whole.

　　Today, the Mu Us sandy land has been comprehensively managed, with a vegetation coverage rate of over 70%; Kubuqi desert has been treated by more than 30%. Reducing the amount of sediment flowing into the Yellow River has become the biggest task of ecological construction in Ordos.

　　At the symposium on ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, the Supreme Leader General Secretary pointed out sharply: "The Yellow River has less water and more sediment, and the relationship between water and sediment is not harmonious, which is the crux of the Yellow River’s complexity and intractable."

　　Standing in front of Xiliugou, Zhang Yunfei, Deputy Director of Water Resources Bureau of Dalat Banner, laid out the drawing of Ecological Protection and High-quality Development and Governance Plan of Dalat Banner Section of the Yellow River.

　　In Dalat Banner, 10 first-class tributaries of the Yellow River, which are arranged in the east-west direction, pass through the hilly and gully area in the upper reaches, the sand-blown area in the Kubuqi desert in the middle reaches and the alluvial plain in the lower reaches in turn from south to north, and transport 20 to 30 million tons of sediment to the Yellow River every year, commonly known as 10 large holes (seasonal rivers), and Xiliugou is one of them.

　　"The problem lies in the Yellow River, but the root is in the basin." Zhang Yunfei said. After the symposium on ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin was held, Ordos quickly issued a road map of 10 major holes for treatment, and the party and government leaders at all levels in the city, counties and towns took charge of the hole for long.

　　"At the beginning, farmers and herdsmen passively controlled soil erosion for survival. Now we have a set of systematic projects." Zhang Yunfei said that the upstream implementation of gully interception projects in hilly and gully areas will allow low-sediment water to flow into the mother river; Fixed mobile and semi-mobile sand dunes in the middle reaches, creating windbreak and sand-fixing forest belts to prevent sedimentary sand from entering the Yellow River; Improve dike standards downstream and reduce non-point source pollution. A comprehensive prevention and control system of soil and water conservation has been initially formed in Dalat Banner, which reduces the amount of sediment discharged into the Yellow River by about 9.9 million tons every year.

　　At present, in the 10 major remediation actions, Ordos hopes to combine ecology with the production and life of ordinary people to achieve clear water, smooth rivers, beautiful scenery, green shores and rich people. In Dalat Banner, grazing prohibition is implemented in the whole region, laying the foundation for centralized captivity through the construction of grassland and forage base, and implementing the most stringent water resources management standards, with water for people, production, land and city.

　　Integration, gathering strong endogenous power in rural areas

　　Once upon a time, "relying on the sky to eat" was the normal life of farmers and herdsmen in Ordos.

　　"Road, electricity and information are the three major obstacles to our development." Meng Kedalai, a herdsman from Daotu Gacha, Duguitala Town, Hanggin Banner, Erdos, recalled: It takes more than ten kilometers to buy a box of matches in the sand; The local government allocated Gacha a 12-inch black-and-white TV. Herdsmen were watching the series "Huo Yuanjia", and suddenly the power went out because the wind generator didn’t work.

　　After the first sand-crossing highway was completed, Meng Keda came to marry his daughter-in-law into the door. In 2006, he moved from the desert to the herdsmen’s new village built by the local government and opened a restaurant to sell his own beef and mutton. In 2012, Meng Kedalai started animal husbandry with several herdsmen, and operated tourism projects such as desert hiking, sand skiing cross-country and jet skis, with an annual income of 200,000 to 300,000 yuan. His mother joined the "Gu Ru Ge" team, which attracted tourists, catering, accommodation and amusement projects.

　　"Completing poverty alleviation is only the beginning." Liu Haijun, deputy director of the Rural Revitalization Bureau of Ordos City, said that the rural areas of Ordos need to be refined, carefully carved and simmered.

　　This is undoubtedly another deep "remodeling".

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the depth, breadth and difficulty of fully implementing the rural revitalization strategy are no less than tackling poverty. It is necessary to improve the policy system, work system and institutional system, accelerate the pace of agricultural and rural modernization with more powerful measures and gather more powerful forces, and promote high-quality and efficient agriculture, livable and suitable rural areas, and rich farmers.

　　High standards to promote the overall revitalization of rural areas, Ordos closely follows the market demand, based on resource endowments, and pays special attention to industrial prosperity.

　　"The sunshine is sufficient, the air is clean, the water quality is excellent, and there are many naturally formed natural alkali lakes. Etuoke Banner is especially suitable for the growth of spirulina." Su Yongning, founder of Inner Mongolia Zaihuitou Bioengineering Co., Ltd. said. As early as 2003, he set foot in spirulina culture, and now he provides algae species, culture technology and processing technology for local cooperatives and farmers and herdsmen. There are more than 30 market players of spirulina culture in Otog Banner, and Su Yongning alone employs more than 50 farmers and herdsmen. In 2020, Spirulina in Otog Banner was selected as the second batch of protected geographical indications in Central Europe.

　　"Using the unique regional advantages and natural environmental conditions, combined with modern science and technology, we will establish a linkage mechanism for the interests of agricultural enterprises, and radiate the surrounding farmers and herdsmen to increase their income and become rich." Su Yongning said that the so-called rural revitalization means working together and growing together.

　　In Arbas Sumuhu and Tolegacha in Otok Banner, the herdsman Hubis Halatu is a big breeder of Arbas cashmere goats.

　　This kind of goat is a rare breed with excellent meat and cashmere. Its cashmere is known as "fiber gem" and "soft gold" and has won the Italian "Chagner" award for many times.

　　"In the past, sheep were raised extensively. In order to pursue disorderly hybridization of output, the fineness of cashmere became thicker year by year, and it could not sell at a good price, and the quality of mutton was not high. The number of sheep is increasing, and the grassland is overwhelmed. In this way, it is actually not worth the loss. " Hubis Haratu said.

　　Hubis Halatu is an extension herdsman of Erdos Group’s superfine cashmere goats, and he is also a rich leader with an annual income of more than 500,000 yuan. With the help of the local government, he has installed a variety of modern pasture equipment such as automatic feeding machine, automatic water dispenser and intelligent video system. He hopes to protect the grassland better while raising Albas cashmere goats.

　　As a partner of Hubis Halatu, Wang You, deputy general manager of the cashmere spinning division of Ordos Group, said: "Ranch activities and cashmere goat breeding are the forefront of the cashmere industry chain. Only the green grassland can raise excellent cashmere goats." Ordos Group implements the subsidy policy of high quality and good price, and gives subsidies to herders according to the different fineness of cashmere, so as to guide herders to take the road of high-quality development of cashmere goat breeding.

　　When ecological construction and industrial construction complement each other, the pace of rural revitalization is more solid.

　　Taking rural revitalization as the general starting point to solve the problems of "agriculture, countryside and animal husbandry" in the new era, Ordos has innovated governance means and deepened agricultural and rural reform while developing advantageous industries, carrying out moderate scale operation and promoting the branding of agricultural and animal husbandry industrialization, so as to stimulate the strong endogenous power of rural revitalization.

　　"No one, no land and no money are the bottlenecks in the development of many rural pastoral areas. How can the countryside be revitalized without rice and even chickens? " Qiao Youshi, mayor of shulinzhao town, Dalat Banner, was deeply touched by this.

　　In order to solve the problem that farmers’ financing is difficult and expensive, in 2017, shulinzhao town began to set up mutual funds cooperatives with villagers’ shares as the main source of funds, and the village has since had simple financial tools. Villagers can borrow money paid according to the needs of production and life, with low interest and simple procedures. "Ni Youfu, a chicken farmer in our village, has weathered the storm by borrowing from the credit cooperation department and has become a large chicken farmer in the village. You only need to pay a down payment to buy a house in this village, and mortgage a loan from a mutual fund cooperative by virtue of a contract. " Ma Sanzhan, Party Secretary of Linyuan Village, shulinzhao town, said.

　　At present, credit cooperation departments have been established in nine administrative villages in shulinzhao town, with funds reaching 16.88 million yuan, accumulated loans of 27.21 million yuan and interest income of 1.25 million yuan, benefiting 823 farmers without any bad loans.

　　In 2020, shulinzhao town established the Rural Property Rights Service Center, which is the only township-level rural property rights trading platform in Inner Mongolia, and has developed four products, including land management rights, rural houses and homestead use rights.

　　"On the surface, the integration is land, but it is actually for the long-term interests of farmers and herdsmen." Shulinzhao town Rural Property Service Center Liu Bonan said.

　　It is difficult to break through the income bottleneck by farming alone; As the most important means of production in rural areas, land is not integrated and industries are difficult to develop; But enterprises always want to hold land for the longest time at the cheapest price. What should we do?

　　The first step is to sort out the village collective assets. The village will concentrate scattered plots, and the cooperatives will hang hundreds or even thousands of acres of complete plots on the trading platform, which will thus have the right to negotiate with enterprises.

　　The second step is to change the concept of enterprise. "The reason why I gave you a large piece of complete land is that I hope that the village collective and farmers can share the results." Liu Bonan said that enterprises need to look at the rural resource market rationally and change from making money at the production end to making money at the circulation end.

　　The third step is to advocate cooperative management between enterprises and farmers. Through the guaranteed bottom plus dividend model, most of the risks are borne by enterprises. In 2021, shulinzhao town Rural Property Service Center introduced soybean breeding enterprises, and began a new soybean variety breeding experiment on 650 mu of land.

　　"If the harvest fails, the average income of planting corn with the same soil fertility will guarantee the people and eat a reassurance; If it is profitable, it will be distributed through cooperatives. " Liu Bonan said that 2022 will be a year of explosive growth in platform transactions.

　　Resource integration, efficient utilization, value amplification and concept change, step by step, create a path of common prosperity.

　　From "suffering from sand for a long time" to making money from sand, from "making something out of nothing" to selecting the best from the best, from lack of property income to revitalizing sleeping resources, it is a vivid portrayal of Ordos rural revitalization, improving productivity and rebuilding competitiveness.

　　Go to the middle of the mountain without stopping, and hit the water in the middle stream before starting. Ordos is painting the picture of the times of rural revitalization with great enthusiasm.

　　Stick to it and enhance the integrity and coordination of development.

　　It goes without saying that it is difficult to rebuild Ordos.

　　This remolding of deepening the transformation of reform kinetic energy and changing from quantitative to quality has many pain points, blocking points and difficulties for Ordos.

　　The pain lies in the lack of support for innovation ability. Innovation is the most important variable for future development. Even in the surrounding core urban agglomerations, the investment intensity of basic R&D and the proportion of strategic emerging industries in the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size are low, and the innovation strength of key technologies and key fields needs to be improved.

　　Blocked in the tightening of factor constraints. Because the land is vast and sparsely populated, the distribution of productive forces is scattered, the efficiency of land use is low, and the contribution rate of GDP per mu and tax revenue is small; Water, land, environment and other indicators are stretched; The supply of labor force is insufficient and it is not attractive enough for high-tech talents.

　　It is difficult to find differentiated competitive advantage. Ordos is close to the surrounding cities in terms of resource endowment, industrial structure and industrial base, and the phenomenon of product homogenization and industrial homogenization is prominent, and the competition in the fields of industry, science and technology is becoming increasingly fierce.

　　The reason why Erdos remoulding strives for progress in difficulties and shines in difficulties is that it has found a scientific methodology in the long road and benefited from the "baton" of the new development concept to be effectively reflected in all aspects of economic and social development. Clear problem-oriented, goal-oriented and effect-oriented, the pain point is the breakthrough point, the blocking point is also the breakthrough point, and the difficulty is the focus.

　　This is the "remodeling" of deepening reform and adhering to innovation drive. Ordos puts the development base on innovation, drives the overall situation with breakthroughs in important fields and key links, promotes the development of new kinetic energy with innovations in various fields, and comprehensively strengthens innovation in concepts, science and technology, industries, systems and models to fully stimulate vitality.

　　This is a "remodeling" to enhance the integrity and coordination of development. Ordos will strengthen exchanges and cooperation with Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, Guanzhong urban agglomeration and other regions, deeply participate in Hubao-Eyu urban agglomeration, form integrated development, and promote infrastructure interconnection, ecological environment protection and joint governance, collaborative innovation of industrial systems, and convenient sharing of public services.

　　This is the "remodeling" of precise force. Make up the shortcomings of developing production-oriented and life-oriented service industry, and solve the problems of insufficient total public services, structural mismatch and poor quality; Combine local advantages to establish development strategy and identify the truly suitable industrial track; Attracting talents and population matched with economic and social development with hard strength and soft environment.

　　This is a "remodeling" for a long time. Let the whole new energy industry chain take root in Ordos and form an industrial agglomeration effect, bringing an innovation, upgrading and demonstration of development concept to the "Ji" bend area of the Yellow River; Do not exchange economic growth at the expense of the ecological environment, promote the harmonious coexistence of people, nature and regions, and achieve higher quality, higher level, more balanced and coordinated development.

　　Cultivate new economic growth points through the second venture, and build the core competitiveness of the city … … The gross domestic product of Ordos region ranks first among all the allied cities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for 12 consecutive years.

　　"Although some initial achievements have been made, the remodeling of Ordos has just begun, far from being able to relax." Li Li said that the insufficient development imbalance is still the basic market situation, and there are still many bottlenecks and shortcomings. There is still a big gap between the business environment and the coordination of urban and rural development and other factors compared with the developed areas in the east. There are still many weaknesses in the fields of people’s livelihood security, social governance and ecological environment. Only by working hard for a long time and moving forward can we live up to the expectations of the General Secretary.

　　It is difficult to know, but it is difficult to do; It is difficult to do it, but it is difficult in the end.

　　On the new journey, Ordos is like a black horse, sticking to its goal, anchoring its direction, full of lofty sentiments and ambitions, and galloping in the grassland desert.

　　(Member of Economic Daily Research Group: Zheng Bo Chen Li Chen Yingying Liang Jianxiao Yu Yang Yu Jian)

[Those things in China] Many economic indicators exceeded expectations. Foreign media： China’s economic stabilization signal has increased.

　　China Daily Online, December 17th-At the end of the year, China’s economy once again handed over a beautiful "report card". According to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics on the 16th, China’s economic indicators such as industry and consumption rebounded sharply in November and were higher than expected. Foreign media believe that these data show that the signs of China’s economic stabilization are becoming more and more obvious.

Screenshot of Reuters website report

　　Reuters reported on the 16th that the National Bureau of Statistics of China announced on Monday that the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size actually increased by 6.2% year-on-year in November, much higher than the median forecast of Reuters analysts — — 5%； The total retail sales of social consumer goods increased by 8% year-on-year, which was also higher than the median forecast of 7.6% in Reuters. Both figures are the highest since June this year.

　　The report pointed out that these data showed that China’s economy showed signs of stabilization at the end of the year. In November, the growth rates of industry and consumption were better than expected, both hitting five-month highs, while investment remained stable.

　　In addition, China’s industrial added value data improved in November, echoing the improvement of factory activity and purchasing managers’ index released earlier, which shows that the measures taken by China government to support domestic demand have played a role in the context of export pressure. Komatsu Ltd, a Japanese construction machinery manufacturer, said that its equipment utilization time in China increased in November, the first time in eight months, in line with the rising purchasing managers’ index.

　　The report quoted analysts as saying that with the staged achievements in Sino-US trade negotiations and the continuous implementation of China’s domestic policy of steady growth, the positive trend of China’s economy will continue. Cassie Wang, a senior economist at ANZ, believes that China policymakers may rely on various tools to maintain economic growth next year, rather than relying on a single policy choice.

Screenshot of Wall Street Journal website report

　　The Wall Street Journal reported that in November, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size in China increased by 6.2% year-on-year, which was not only higher than the 4.7% year-on-year growth in October, but also easily exceeded the estimated value given by 15 economists surveyed by The Wall Street Journal — — 5%。

　　According to the report, a series of supportive policies introduced by China government boosted domestic economic activities in November, and promoted industrial production and consumer spending.

　　Bloomberg reported that according to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the unemployment rate in China was 5.1% in November, which was the same as that in October. The level of new employment in China this year is expected to reach more than 13 million, far higher than the previous target of 11 million.

Screenshot of Bloomberg website report

　　The report also pointed out that the latest economic data prompted some economists to raise their expectations for China’s economic growth next year. After the data was released on 16th, economists from UBS Group AG and Oxford Economics raised their forecast of China’s economic growth rate to 6% in 2020 from the previous 5.7%.

　　Agence France-Presse said on the 16th that during the "double 11" shopping festival, e-commerce in China once again set an online sales record, which showed the strong consumption power of Chinese. The report quoted Fu Linghui, spokesman of the National Bureau of Statistics, as saying that in the face of rising domestic and international risk challenges, China’s economic operation showed positive changes in November, with major economic indicators better than expected, and it is expected that the expected growth target for the whole year will be successfully achieved.

At the sacrifice of the anti-drug hero, the daughter made a wish that ＂the world is drug-free＂

　　May 10th.

　　It’s Cai Xiaodong’s 39th birthday,

　　It was also his first birthday after his death.

　　Recently,

　　Cai Xiaodong’s wife and daughter.

　　Came to the border where he died to celebrate his birthday.

　　This is a 9-year-old girl and her mother

　　A journey that I miss day and night.

　　Mother and daughter specially made a birthday cake.

　　It is painted with

　　Pictures taken from Cai Xiaodong’s photos before his death:

　　A dashing policeman in a blue uniform

　　And a stone tablet that says "Initial Mission".

　　May the world be drug-free,

　　The words on the cake are very eye-catching.

　　This is my daughter’s greatest wish.

　　In the memory of my 9-year-old daughter,

　　Dad’s birthday has never been at home,

　　Every year,

　　The family is looking forward to his coming home.

　　But even if cakes and meals are ready,

　　Cai Xiaodong is always.

　　I stood up because of various temporary tasks.

　　Cai Xiaodong’s work photos when he seized drugs before his death.

　　One day,

　　Daughter is puzzled and asked:

　　"Dad, do you particularly hate birthdays?"

　　"how can I,

　　Dad dreams of spending his birthday with you,

　　But I really can’t go back. "

　　The day I answered my daughter’s question,

　　Cai Xiaodong once sighed.

　　"dad,

　　I’ll cut the cake for you,

　　This is also the first time I cut a cake for you. "

　　Where dad died,

　　The daughter picked up the cake knife,

　　Carefully cut it on the cake,

　　That year came to mind.

　　The scene of dad celebrating her birthday,

　　He just cut the cake with her little hand.

　　Cai Xiaodong celebrated his daughter’s birthday.

　　Cai Xiaodong

　　(May 1983-December 4, 2021)

　　Before his death, he was in Yunnan Entry-Exit Frontier Inspection Station.

　　Vice captain of law enforcement investigation team of Xishuangbanna border management detachment.

　　On December 4, 2021,

　　In the process of arresting drug dealers in Cai Xiaodong,

　　Fight to the death with a gun dealer and get seriously injured,

　　After being rescued, he died heroically.

　　The 38-year-old anti-drug hero in Yunnan announced that he had participated in anti-drug 358 times before his death.

　　After Cai Xiaodong’s sacrifice,

　　The People’s Government of Yunnan Province rated Comrade Cai Xiaodong as a martyr,

　　Posthumously awarded "Excellent Communist party member of Yunnan Province"

　　"Yunling model" and other titles,

　　Yunnan Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League and Yunnan Youth Federation

　　Posthumously awarded the "Yunnan Youth May 4th Medal".

　　"Happy birthday, Dad,

　　Don’t worry,

　　I will take good care of my mother, brother, grandfather and grandmother.

　　Dad, I miss you … "

　　Daughter fell on the ground,

　　Write a letter to dad seriously.

　　Martyrs are eternal, and their spirit will last forever.

　　"Yes, there is no poison in the world!"

　　Comprehensive from: Zhongxin Video, Xinhua News Agency

Source: China News Agency