Source: 21st century business herald.
Original title: Focus on China International Import Expo(CIIE) | Jiang Xiaojuan: Service trade enters five major areas of division of labor and tradeable era to lead digital globalization.
21st century business herald reporter Shi Shi reports from Shanghai On the afternoon of November 7th, at the 4th China-Singapore Cooperation Service Trade Innovation Forum of the 4th China International Import Expo(CIIE) Theme Supporting Activities, Jiang Xiaojuan, member of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), vice chairman of the Social Construction Committee of the National People’s Congress, dean of the School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University and former deputy secretary-general of the State Council, shared the development of digital trade this year.
She said that at present, digital trade presents three trends: international trade leads the global recovery, and digital trade grows the fastest; Digital technology makes services tradeable and divisible; Digital technology fully empowers digital trade and international trade.
Digitalization reshapes the basic form of service trade.
Jiang Xiaojuan pointed out that in recent years, due to the intensification of international trade frictions and the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, international trade has been hit hard, and investors’ views on global investment and technology flows have tended to be pessimistic. However, international trade is the first to get out of the epidemic, and its global growth is very strong. In the global economic recovery, the growth of international trade is significantly faster than the GDP of various countries.
According to statistics, in the first half of 2021, the global trade in goods reached a record high in the same period, an increase of 11.9% over the same period in 2019; In the first half of 2021, the trade volume of goods in China reached a record high in the same period of history, increasing by 33.5% over the same period of 2019, and by 6% in the United States. China’s import and export accounted for 13.3% of the world’s total, up by 0.8%, while the United States accounted for 10.6%, down by 0.4%.
Jiang Xiaojuan pointed out that among all types of service trade, the digital productive service trade has the fastest growth and the most obvious increase, accounting for nearly 60% of the total. This shows that the production-oriented service trade is easier to provide through digital forms.
Globally, ICT services are the fastest growing part. Therefore, Jiang Xiaojuan believes that digital service is not only a service trade, but also a major part of commodity trade. For example, manufacturing transactions facilitated by e-commerce platforms have become an important component of current commodity transactions.
With the development of science and technology, service trade has undergone several changes. In Jiang Xiaojuan’s view, the basic form of the service industry has undergone three changes: the main part of the traditional service industry needs to be "in the same place at the same time" and cannot be traded; In the Internet age, the service industry can be traded, but it cannot be divided. In today’s digital age, the service industry can not only trade but also divide the work.
Jiang Xiaojuan pointed out that 5G technology makes the original impossible possible, because the low-latency transmission function is very powerful. "In the 5G era, the service industry can not only trade, but also divide the work. Only the service industry, a replicated industry, can’ hit the world’, so the benefits and challenges brought by the service industry are far higher than those of the manufacturing industry. "
Five fields lead digital globalization.
Affected by the epidemic, traditional globalization has shrunk, but Jiang Xiaojuan believes that digitalization will drive a new globalization process.
Scientific research will enter a new era of global cooperative scientific system development, and international cooperation in major scientific projects such as astronomy and high-energy science will become the mainstream mode. Jiang Xiaojuan said: "The exploration of the unknown in contemporary scientific research is more and more extensive and in-depth, and scientific projects put forward higher requirements in terms of investment intensity, interdisciplinary, experimental cost and participants. Science has no borders, and digital technology provides technical support for this concept and practice. "
In terms of digital technology, we should build an open source scientific system to promote international cooperation and data opening and sharing. According to her introduction, most of the important technologies and products in the field of information technology in recent years were first released to the world in the form of open source projects. More than 70% of the new software projects in the world adopt the open source model.
In terms of development and innovation, the world should create a network system, give full play to their respective advantages, form a joint force as soon as possible, and promote global science and technology. She said: "At present, most of the cutting-edge technologies are jointly developed by many countries. These countries jointly register patents and share the benefits. In the transnational joint research and development network, China’s contribution has grown rapidly. "
There are two important trends in manufacturing processing: the integration of the two industries, the manufacturing industry under industrial interconnection is different from the traditional manufacturing industry from the beginning of its birth to the subsequent service provision and manufacturing development, and finally forms a new industrial form with cross-border and multi-chains; In the era of globalization, technological powers must also be import and export powers, because high-level products need to integrate the most advanced technologies in the world. Jiang Xiaojuan emphasized that we must have our own technology and integrated technology in order to remain competitive in the era of origin globalization.
In terms of service provision, we should build a cross-border division of labor system, in which producer services and public services are particularly suitable for transnational development. Taking producer service as an example, a product can be designed in global cooperation, adjusted and set on a common platform, and finally the whole product can be completed. Global cooperative design has become the frontier function of providing services to global consumers in the digital age. She believes that this kind of service may be the most important carrier for the real globalization of producer services in the future. It can have a shared service provider and a very flexible operation mode, but if it wants to be linked with the world, it needs a powerful platform.
In terms of public services, in the 5G era, distance education and telemedicine have developed rapidly. Jiang Xiaojuan added, "Many of our medical education and engineering education need experiments and operations. These educations are difficult to complete before 5G, but they can be achieved after 5 G. "
Jiang Xiaojuan emphasized: "In the digital age, the cost of cross-border links and global links is greatly reduced and the benefits are greatly improved. A wider system is being formed around the world, which promotes the arrival of the era of digital globalization. In this era, all fields of service industry should have new development concepts. In the large-scale reorganization of global technology and industry, more resources and markets should be linked by openness, so as to create more value and gain more benefits, and at the same time, we should guard against related risks. Only with such a concept and such work can we enhance our competitiveness in the era of global competition. "
(Author: Shi Shi Editor: Hejia)