Many deputies to the National People’s Congress and members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference suggested that trafficking in women and children should be ＂the same crime of buyi

The protection of women and children’s rights and interests has attracted much attention from the society.

"It is necessary to focus on a number of clues, especially for women and children who are vagrants and beggars of unknown origin, mental disorders, deaf-mute disabilities, etc., to ensure that the base number is clear and the situation is clear."

The Ministry of Public Security has decided to launch a special campaign against the crime of abducting and selling women and children from March 1st to December 31st.

Many NPC deputies and CPPCC members who have long been concerned about relevant aspects said in an interview with Beijing Youth Daily.Protecting women’s rights and interests is a systematic project that requires the joint efforts of the whole society. They suggested that the legal penalty for buying and selling abducted women should be raised and "the same crime of buying and selling" should be implemented.

　　Jiang Shengnan, NPC deputy.

　　Pay attention to the victims’ follow-up suggestions and clarify the responsibility of relief.

　　At the two sessions this year, Jiang Shengnan, a deputy to the National People’s Congress and a researcher at Wenzhou University, who has long been concerned about the protection of women’s rights and interests, brought a proposal to amend Article 240 of the Criminal Law and increase the prison term of crime of trafficking in women and children buyers, and a proposal on promoting the national multi-sectoral joint abduction campaign and the follow-up rescue series. She suggested that the term of imprisonment of buyers in crime of trafficking in women and children should be increased, so as to realize the same crime of buying and selling and improve the deterrent effect. At the same time, a general survey should be conducted to rescue women’s trafficking, and a follow-up comprehensive rescue mechanism should be established. She believes that protecting women’s rights and interests is a systematic project that requires the joint efforts of the whole society.

　　The basic penalty for the crime of abducting and selling women and children stipulated in Article 240 of the Criminal Law is fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years but not more than ten years. If there are particularly serious circumstances, it can be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than ten years or life imprisonment or even death. Article 241 of the Criminal Law stipulates: "Whoever buys abducted women and children shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention or public surveillance." "If a woman or child who has been trafficked is bought, and there is no abuse of the bought child, and it does not hinder her rescue, she can be given a lighter punishment. According to the wishes of the bought woman, if she does not hinder her return to her original place of residence, she can be given a lighter or mitigated punishment." Jiang Shengnan said, however, in practice, faced with felonies such as rape, illegal detention and intentional injury caused by abducted women for several years or even decades, the "buyer" may only be sentenced for minor crimes such as "abduction" or "abuse", and the maximum sentence for the crime of simply buying women and children is only three years.

　　"I suggest to raise the starting point of crime of trafficking in women and children’s punishment and stipulate that buying and selling are the same crime. Appropriately increasing the penalty will have a certain deterrent effect on bribery and improving the criminal law. " Jiang Shengnan said.

　　The "Proposal on Promoting the National Multi-sectoral Joint Abduction Action and the Follow-up Rescue Series Project" brought by it is suggested that the Central Political and Legal Committee should take the lead and refer to the special rectification activities to eliminate evils. The Abduction Office of the Ministry of Public Security is responsible for organizing abduction activities and establishing a vertical linkage mechanism to promote the normalization of abduction throughout the country.

　　Specific suggestions include improving the community-based, township-based network to prevent human trafficking and comprehensively rectifying key areas of human trafficking. Further strengthen the construction of information network, improve the national anti-trafficking DNA information base, improve the information collection and exchange mechanism, promote information sharing, and improve the informationization level of anti-trafficking work; Incorporate the abduction work into the assessment category of local government’s safe construction, and the annual assessment results will serve as an important basis for the comprehensive assessment and evaluation of relevant leading cadres; Strengthen legal publicity and education, get rid of feudal bad habits, enhance the legal awareness of grassroots people, and improve the awareness and ability of women and children.

　　Jiang Shengnan also suggested the establishment of a follow-up linkage mechanism for the abduction, so that the follow-up assistance to the victims can not be relaxed, so that the investigated abduction cases can be dealt with promptly and effectively. It is suggested that the marriage and adoption relationship between women and children who are bought should be invalid. The marriage and adoption relationship based on the crime of bribery, because it violates the legal provisions and the true wishes of the parties, should be regarded as invalid from the beginning, and will not produce any rights and obligations related to marriage and adoption. At the same time, it should also be clear that the government of the buying place bears the relief responsibility. The relief standard can refer to the national compensation standard, and the period is from the day of being trafficked and bought to the day of being rescued. If the local government is slow to provide relief, the victim or guardian may claim rights according to the application procedure of state compensation. Text/reporter Li Zewei

　　Zhang Baoyan, NPC deputy.

　　Life-long accountability for the criminals of trafficking in new cases.

　　Zhang Baoyan, chairman of the Baby Home Volunteers Association and founder of Baby Home Search Subnet, has been speaking out for the rescue of abducted children and women since he was elected as a representative of the National People’s Congress.

　　In Zhang Baoyan’s view, with the progress and development of society, people have a deeper understanding of the crime of trafficking, and all walks of life have taken action to publicize anti-trafficking in their own way and help families seeking relatives and abducted women and children with their own strength.

　　"The whole society is calling for cracking down on traffickers and even demanding the death penalty. This kind of voice is getting louder and louder. People urgently hope that the state can intensify its efforts to crack down on trafficking in women and children, punish them severely and quickly, demonstrate social justice, and severely punish criminals who traffic in women and children. "

　　Zhang Baoyan told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that this year, she suggested that the buyer’s sentencing should not be lower than the crime of trafficking, but should be heavier than the crime of trafficking.

　　"Because the abduction of women and children is actually a kidnapping, it is accompanied by many crimes such as abuse, illegal detention, rape, etc. At the same time, it has also caused long-term mental damage to the families of abducted women and children, so the minimum reference should be made to the crime of kidnapping for at least ten years."

　　At the same time, she said that because the infringement of the victim has occurred in the buyer’s home for a long time, the buyer’s sentencing should not be lower than the crime of trafficking, but should be more important than the crime of trafficking.

　　Zhang Baoyan also suggested that criminals (including buyers) in new cases of trafficking should be held accountable for life.

　　She said that China’s criminal law stipulates that the maximum limitation of action is 20 years. "But in fact, the harm of the crime of trafficking is long-standing, and the harm caused by this criminal act to the victim’s family and victims is lifelong. Therefore, the accountability of trafficking criminals should not be limited by the statute of limitations, but should be pursued for life. "

　　At the same time, she mentioned that all localities have conducted a thorough investigation of women and children of unknown origin within their jurisdiction, and it has been a long-term work, especially for mentally ill women and deaf-mute women who have been taken in privately, and the information has been made public after investigation to help them find their loved ones.

　　"It is recommended to establish an assessment mechanism for relevant departments in the abduction area, and implement a one-vote veto for the target assessment of grassroots governments with new abduction cases. The main responsible persons of grassroots governments shall not be promoted within five years." Zhang Baoyan said. Text/reporter Meng Yaxu

　　Zhang Jingjing, deputy to the National People’s Congress

　　It is suggested to set up a national special fund for abduction.

　　Zhang Jingjing, deputy to the National People’s Congress and dean of the International College of Jingdezhen Ceramic University, also paid attention to the problem of trafficking in women. She suggested that the crackdown on the crime of trafficking in women should be intensified through various measures, including increasing the legal penalty for buying trafficked women and implementing the crime of "buying and selling the same". At the same time, in terms of the technology of trafficking, she suggested strengthening cross-regional cooperation and information resource sharing, increasing scientific and technological investment, and implementing "online abduction" and "online rescue".

　　Zhang Jing suggested that the legal punishment for buying and selling trafficked women should be increased, and the "same crime of buying and selling" should be implemented, and the crackdown should be intensified through legal means. Zhang Jingjing believes that whoever abducts and sells women, no matter which link it is, as long as it is for the purpose of selling, has one of the acts of kidnapping, kidnapping, buying, selling, picking up, transferring and harboring women, regardless of the number of abductions and whether it is profitable or not, should be investigated for criminal responsibility for the crime of abducting and selling women. Those who buy trafficked women and hinder the rescue of trafficked women, which constitutes a crime, should also be punished according to law. In handling cases, we should correctly distinguish the boundaries between crime and non-crime, crime and crime, especially the crime of abducting and selling women and the act of introducing marriage to collect money and goods, so as to prevent expanding the scope of attack or indulging in crime.

　　Zhang Jingjing believes that raising the statutory penalty may not immediately curb the crime of abducting and selling women and children, but by raising the statutory penalty, it can help Yu Congrong to effectively deal with various types of crimes and achieve the same crime and punishment.

　　On the technology of abduction, Zhang Jingjing suggested strengthening cross-regional cooperation and information resources sharing, increasing investment in science and technology, and implementing "online abduction", "online rescue" and DNA paternity work. In order to effectively punish criminals who abduct and sell women, it is necessary to strengthen basic work at the grass-roots level, conduct a thorough investigation on traffickers and abducted women, and ensure that "villages do not leak villages, villages do not leak households, and households do not leak people" and resolutely put an end to local protectionism.

　　She also suggested that it is necessary to further improve the social management system, increase the intensity of comprehensive management, and form a situation in which the whole society will work together. Party committees and governments at all levels must stand at the height of "stressing politics", earnestly strengthen the organization and leadership of the work of "abduction", be willing to invest in human, financial and material resources, and pay close attention to the struggle of abduction as a major event to maintain social stability. Public security, civil affairs and other relevant departments should strictly implement account management. Temporary population, floating population registration, marriage registration, adoption registration and other laws, regulations and rules and regulations, plug loopholes and find clues of abducted women and traffickers in time. Labor, industry and commerce departments should further clean up and rectify the labor market, strictly manage the market, and avoid women who are eager to find jobs being deceived. Civil Affairs Women’s Federation and other organizations should do a good job in the resettlement of rescued abducted women and children, such as the transfer of children’s accounts of abducted women and other related social security. For abducted women, local people’s organizations and women’s federations should help them find jobs, guide them to return to normal life, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of abducted women.

　　Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Commissioner Hu Wei

　　Establish a warning system to form a "tight encirclement"

　　Hu Wei, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and member of the Central Committee of the Democratic Progressive Party, was also concerned about the abduction and trafficking of women and children. To crack down on trafficking, Hu Wei suggested using technical means to establish a warning system and mobilize the whole society to form a "tight encirclement" for abduction.

　　In April last year, the General Office of the State Council issued the Action Plan against Human Trafficking in China (2021-2030), which clearly stipulated that it is necessary to adhere to and improve the long-term mechanism of anti-trafficking work that integrates prevention, crackdown, assistance, resettlement and rehabilitation, and constantly improve the level of anti-trafficking work in the rule of law, coordination, science and technology and socialization. Recently, special actions have been deployed in relevant areas to comprehensively and thoroughly investigate and rectify the rights and interests of groups such as women and children, people with mental disorders and the disabled, and severely crack down on illegal and criminal acts such as abducting and selling women and children and buying abducted women and children.

　　Hu Wei suggested that the legal system should be improved as to how this series of abduction actions can really achieve practical results. "If there is no sale, there will be no harm, and the same crime should be adhered to. At the same time, mandatory reporting must be implemented to combat human trafficking. It is suggested that it should be clearly stipulated that if the person in charge of the relevant area finds human trafficking but fails to report it and causes serious consequences, it should be listed as an illegal act and punished." Secondly, it is necessary to formulate a specific action plan, clarify the way and time node, and the relevant departments should really unite to carry out the investigation. In addition, it is necessary to make a breakthrough in technology to form a "tight encirclement" of abduction.

　　Hu Wei believes: "We can make full use of technical means to deploy a warning system. In the event of human trafficking or kidnapping, we can prompt relevant information at the first time on TV, radio, mobile phones, big screens in public places such as airports, docks and stations, and even electronic bulletin boards on highways, and mobilize as many resources as possible from public institutions, cities, villages and communities to find missing persons, so that criminals have nowhere to hide. At present, our network technology and intelligent system are so developed that it is easier to do and do well than ever before. "

　　Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Commissioner Zhu Zhengfu

　　Criminal responsibility should be investigated for "obstructing rescue"

　　Zhu Zhengfu, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and chairman of the partner meeting of Haotianxin Law Firm, has long been concerned about the protection of women’s and children’s rights and interests. During the two sessions this year, he is going to submit "Seven Suggestions on Severely Combating the Crime of Trafficking and Buying Women and Children". Zhu Zhengfu suggested that buying should be the same crime as abducting and selling, and in the process of the victim being abducted and bought, any behavior that helps to maintain and restore the victim’s state of detention, coercion and violation should be regarded as a joint crime of abducting and selling.

　　He suggested that Article 241 of the Criminal Law should be amended to "be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention or control" for the crime of buying abducted women and children, and refer to Article 240 for the punishment of the crime of abducting and selling women and children, and be changed to "be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years but not more than ten years and be fined". Whoever buys more than three women and children, commits adultery with the bought women and children, illegally detains or forces the bought women and children to work, and causes serious injuries (including serious mental illness), death or other serious consequences to the abducted women and children or their relatives, "shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years or life imprisonment, and shall also be fined or confiscated; If the circumstances are particularly serious, he shall be sentenced to death and his property shall be confiscated. " In the process of the victim being abducted and bought, any act that helps to maintain and restore the victim’s state of detention, coercion and violation shall be regarded as a joint crime of abduction or buying, and criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to the provisions of Article 240 or 241 of the Criminal Law.

　　He also suggested expanding the scope of application of self-defense, from the day when the victim was abducted to the day when he was rescued, and excluding the application of excessive defense to the self-defense behavior and rescue behavior of the victim and those who helped rescue him. During this period, all acts of violence by the victim against the perpetrator should be regarded as acts of self-defense.

　　Zhu Zhengfu believes that the most urgent task at the moment is to conduct a nationwide comprehensive investigation and rescue of women and children who may be trafficked. The Ministry of Public Security announced that from March 1 to December 31, a special campaign was launched to crack down on the crime of abducting and selling women and children, comprehensively sorting out clues to investigate the rights and interests of women and children, and focusing on investigating suspected abducted persons. He suggested that those who should know but don’t know, who know but don’t report or who are slow to rescue can be dismissed, and those who constitute a crime can be investigated for criminal responsibility according to the provisions of the crime of dereliction of duty in Article 397 of the Criminal Law, or accomplices who kidnap and buy women and children. Anyone who obstructs the rescue in any way shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to different situations, such as the crime of obstructing official duties, the crime of gathering people to obstruct the rescue of bought women and children, and the joint crime of buying women and children. Text/reporter Dong Xin

　　Co-ordination/Liu Xiaoxue

Lei jun Xiaomi CEO

Basic information:

　　Chinese name: Lei Jun

　　Nationality: China.

　　Ethnic group: Han nationality

　　Place of birth: Xiantao

　　Date of birth: December 16, 1969

　　Occupation: entrepreneur

　　Graduate school: Wuhan University

　　Current position: CEO of Xiaomi Technology

Lei Jun

Resume:

　　Born in Xiantao City, Hubei Province on December 16th, 1969.

　　Graduated from the former mian yang Middle School (now xiantao middle school, Hubei Province) in 1987.

　　In 1991, he graduated from the Computer Department of Wuhan University with a Bachelor of Science degree, and was employed as an honorary professor of Wuhan University in 1998. Co-authored books such as In-depth DOS Programming and In-depth Windows Programming.

　　Joined Jinshan Company in early 1992.

　　In August 1992, he became the manager of Beijing Development Department of Jinshan Company, and later served as the deputy general manager of Zhuhai Company.

　　In 1994, he became the general manager of Beijing Jinshan Software Company.

　　In August 1998, he began to serve as the general manager of Jinshan Company. During this period, his career from software research and development to market operation, and finally to the management of high-tech enterprises, he successfully organized and developed a series of products and successfully organized a series of market operations.

　　Former president and CEO of Jinshan Company (Lei Jun) Tu 2 was hired as an honorary professor by Wuhan University in 1998.

　　In 1999, he invested in Joyo and Xiaoyao, and became the chairman of Joyo.

　　In 1999, 2000 and 2002, he was honored as one of the top ten IT people in China.

　　After the reorganization of the company’s shareholding system at the end of 2000, he became the president of Beijing Jinshan Software Co., Ltd.

　　At the end of 2000, he was hired as a consultant of Beijing Municipal Government.

　　In 2001, he was elected as the vice president of Beijing Software Industry Association.

　　In 2002, he was elected as "Top Ten Young Entrepreneurs in the First Capital".

　　In 2002, he was appointed as the 863 Program — — Director of desktop office suite for major software projects.

　　In 2003, he was hired as an honorary professor by Zhengzhou Institute of Technology.

　　In 2003, he was elected as "Outstanding Entrepreneur of Zhongguancun Science Park".

　　In 2003, he was appointed as the 863 Program — — Computer software and hardware technology project: research on general engine of online games and development of demonstration products.

　　In 2003, he was named the third outstanding alumnus of Wuhan University.

　　On October 16, 2008, at the company strategy conference held in Beijing, Beijing UC Vision officially announced that Mr. Lei Jun, the former CEO of Jinshan Software, was appointed as the chairman of the company.

　　In April 2010, Xiaomi Technology was launched. Xiaomi Technology focused on the development of next-generation smartphone software such as Android and iPhone and the hot application of mobile Internet.

　　On July 14th, 2010, Qiu Bojun invited Lei Jun to return to Jinshan to take charge of online games and drug tyrants. At the end of 2010, Lei Jun resigned as the chairman of Youshi Technology.

　　On July 6, 2011, Jinshan Software announced the retirement plan of Qiu Bojun, chairman and CEO, and the nomination committee of the board of directors nominated Lei Jun as the chairman.

　　On July 11th, 2011, Lei Jun officially became the chairman of Jinshan Software Company.

　　On August 16th, 2011, Xiaomi, founded by Lei Jun, officially released Xiaomi mobile phone on August 16th.

　

Jews have lived in China for thousands of years. Why are they rarely seen now？

The original global intelligence agent Global intelligence agent is included in the topic # Everything related to Judaism 7# China with a little knowledge of you 10

Jews in China.

Author | Pei Lin

Editor | ｜Thomas

The Jewish nation originated in Canaan (present-day Palestine). In the first century A.D., due to the uprising against the Roman Empire, it was driven out of its hometown and scattered in all directions. From then on, until the founding of Israel in 1948, they drifted for almost two thousand years.

▲ In 70 AD, the resistance to Roman rule failed, and the Jews were driven out of their homes and scattered in all directions.

The vast majority of Jews are scattered in Eastern Europe, the Middle East and the Mediterranean, and some Jews continue to migrate to China in the farther east. Although the Silk Road is long, it has already spread China’s influence to every corner of the world. According to modern archaeological discoveries, as early as the Zhou Dynasty, Jews had arrived in China to engage in trade.

At the beginning of the 11th century, Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, formed the first Jewish community, and gradually achieved the same social status as the Han people. From modern times to World War II, the number of Jews in China reached tens of thousands, reaching a historical peak.

After World War II, the vast majority of Jews left China, so that a brand-new minority was not formed, and only a few Jewish descendants were integrated into the Chinese nation. What happened in the meantime?

▲ Schematic diagram of the distribution of Jews in the world after the Great Diaspora

I the rise and fall of the Jewish community in Kaifeng

According to archaeological experts, as early as the Zhou Dynasty and the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were Jews doing business in the Central Plains. It has been confirmed by archaeological excavations that a large number of Jews arrived in China in the Tang Dynasty.

At the beginning of the 20th century, British and French explorers discovered Hebrew letters and prayers in Xinjiang, and the writing time was determined around 718 AD, that is, the early reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Experts believe that these Jews came to China to do business through the overland Silk Road.

▲ The British explorer Stein discovered the earliest Hebrew letter, and he is also one of the biggest cultural relics thieves in China.

The northern song dynasty failed to regain control of the western regions, and the silk road on land was no longer safe and prosperous, and the silk road on the sea rose accordingly. In October 998, a group of Jews arrived in China by Arab merchant ships, then passed through Quanzhou and Yangzhou, and arrived in Kaifeng, the capital at that time.

Modern research shows that these Jews should belong to the Jewish community in the Persian region. Their preserved Jewish scriptures are consistent with Persian Jews, and their DNA is closer to Middle Eastern Jews. This view occupies a dominant position in the current academic circles.

The Song Dynasty was a relatively open and tolerant dynasty. Arabs, Persians, Europeans and other foreigners were not discriminated against, and their business was unimpeded. They could also become officials in the DPRK, and Jews were no exception.

▲ Jews from the Middle East arrived in Kaifeng through the Maritime Silk Road.

Because of good management, Jews began to buy real estate, formed their own community in a street in Kaifeng and Heshun District, and their lives were quite rich. Kaifeng people call Jews "people who give happiness", which is the transliteration of "Israel" by Song people.

Kaifeng people like exotic goods brought by Jews, but they are also curious about their religious rituals and customs, but they are not offended at all, which makes Jews feel safe and satisfied. In order to gain the official recognition of the Song Dynasty, Jews learned from other foreigners and made an audience with Song Zhenzong through the Ministry of Rites, hoping to live in Kaifeng forever.

In 1008, Song Zhenzong issued a letter, saying, "It’s midsummer for me, and I will abide by the ancestral style and leave the capital of song dynasty", allowing them to take the imperial examination and keep their own customs. In 1127, Song Huizong ordered that one hundred and twenty pieces of silver be appropriated to help them build a synagogue.

▲ In the Qingming Riverside Map, Kaifeng was the largest city in the world at that time, accommodating all foreign nationalities.

Unfortunately, before this hall was built, Jurchen from the north had already arrived in Enemy at the Gates, breached Kaifeng, and captured Emperor Huiqin, and the Northern Song Dynasty ended, which was known as the "Jingkang Change".

The Jewish community in Kaifeng has just emerged, with a population of just over 500, and it has to face a brand-new "Jin" dynasty. Jews chose to stay in Kaifeng and continue to run their own business. In fact, due to the lack of talents in financial management in the "Jin" and "Yuan" Hu dynasties, the status of Jews has been improved.

Jin Dynasty Emperor Wan Yanliang intended to follow the example of the Northern Song Dynasty in issuing paper money "Jiaozi", but all the coin-making officials in the Song Dynasty fled south, and Wan Yanliang was unavailable. Therefore, some ministers proposed that Jews should finish this work.

▲ Jin Dynasty’s "Jiaozi" and its impression. The Jews designed the first edition of "Jiaozi" for the Jin Dynasty in the style of the Northern Song Dynasty.

Jews learned from the mature experience of paper money in the Northern Song Dynasty, coupled with their own business talent, and designed the Jin version of "Jiaozi" in just a few days. In addition, they also suggested that the Jin Dynasty set up a special paper money management institution "Pedestrian", which can be regarded as the embryonic form of the bank and has some functions of the central bank.

In 1163, in order to reward the contribution of the Jews, the Jin Dynasty allocated funds to build the first synagogue in the Hutong of Kaifeng. After the destruction of gold in the Yuan Dynasty, Jews continued to serve the Yuan Dynasty, which was also recognized by the Yuan Dynasty. In 1279, the hall was rebuilt, with an area of more than 10,000 square meters.

The real peak of the Jewish community in Kaifeng was in the Ming Dynasty, which grew to more than 500 households with more than 5,000 people. They not only gave themselves the Chinese surname, but also became officials through the imperial examination, and began to accept Confucianism, naturalized Chinese civilization, and their social status was completely equal to that of Han people.

▲ At the end of the 20th century, overseas Jews visited the Jewish old site in Kaifeng.

In other parts of the world, Jews insist on using their own Hebrew language and writing, but this situation has changed in China. During the hundreds of years from Song Dynasty to Ming Dynasty, Kaifeng Jews gradually learned Chinese in their long-term common life with Chinese. What’s more, Chinese never discriminates against them, which makes them have no reason to refuse to learn Chinese.

The problem of intermarriage with Chinese also experienced the process from prohibition to relaxation. After the Song Dynasty, there were wars in China, and there were few foreign Jews. In order to maintain the reproduction and survival of the Jewish community, they began to intermarry with Chinese. According to statistics in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Kaifeng Jews married at least 40 non-Jewish women.

In language, marriage, culture, employment and so on, Kaifeng Jews are more and more like Chinese. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Zhao Jincheng, the leader of Kaifeng Jews, did not know Hebrew. They still kept their ancestors’ scriptures and genealogy, but no one gathered for church again and the synagogue was in ruins.

▲ Jewish memorial hall and Jewish genealogy in Kaifeng city.

In 1854, the Yellow River flooded, the Kaifeng synagogue was razed to the ground, religious ceremonies stopped completely, the whole Jewish community disintegrated completely, and some remaining cultural relics were snapped up by foreign missionaries. The former site of the synagogue was later sold and turned into the present Kaifeng Chinese Medicine Hospital.

At this point, the Jewish community in Kaifeng was founded in 998 AD, dissipated in the early 20th century, went through a whole thousand years, and finally completely integrated into the Chinese nation. At present, there are about 200 descendants of Jews in Kaifeng. Some people are still trying to get back the memories of their ancestors, but they all think they are Chinese, just to find their roots.

▲ The last relic of Kaifeng Jewish synagogue is an ancient well in Kaifeng Chinese Medicine Hospital.

Second, Jewish businessmen doing business in China in modern times

After being forced to leave Canaan, Jews scattered in all directions. By the middle ages, it had been divided into three main groups: Eastern Jews distributed in the Arab region; Sefadi Jews are distributed in the Mediterranean region; Ashkenaz Jews are distributed in continental Europe. Since modern times, the global colonization activities of Europeans have made the activity areas of three parts of Jews overlap.

Many Sefadi Jews have joined Britain, France and other nationalities. They followed the footsteps of European colonists and established business networks around the world. As soon as China was opened to the world by the Opium War, Sefadi Jews beat us to it and made investments and business in China. Sassoon was the representative among them.

▲ Sassoon Building, located at the Nanjing intersection of the Bund, is now part of the Peace Hotel.

David sassoon, the founder of Sassoon Foreign Firm, is a British Jew and one of the British businessmen who export opium to China the most. After 1840, Sassoon opened foreign firms in Hong Kong, Guangzhou and Shanghai, especially in Shanghai, which was a great success, dealing in opium, cotton yarn, arms and so on, with branches all over the country.

The flourishing development of the Sefadi Jewish business group in Shanghai led to the establishment of the Jewish community in Shanghai, including Jewish cemeteries, synagogues and schools. In 1910, the Shanghai Jewish Association was formally established, and then a larger synagogue was built and Jewish newspapers were founded, which played a role in rallying Shanghai Jews.

▲ The former site of Shanghai Jewish General Association, founded in 1911, is located at No.722 Nanjing West Road.

The Shanghai Jewish community, dominated by Sefadi Jews, is relatively small in number, but has strong economic strength. Their main purpose is charity relief, and they also set up the Shanghai Jewish Saint Society, which specializes in this work. The agency opened a hospital in 1934 to help Jews living in Shanghai.

Almost at the same time that Sefadi Jews established the Shanghai community, another group of Jews also established their own community in China. They are Jews from Russia and belong to Ashkenaz Jews on the European continent. Unlike the wealthy Sefadi Jews, these Russian Jews came to China to take refuge.

Third, Russian Jews who took refuge in China in modern times

At the end of 19th century, Ashkenaz Jews were mainly distributed in Germany, Poland, Russia and other countries, among which the living environment of Russian Jews was worse. The czar government not only forced them to convert to the Orthodox Church, but also imposed heavy taxes and military service. The constant wave of anti-Semitism in Russia also frightened Jews.

Just in order to develop the Far East and encourage Europeans to emigrate, the czar government adopted a more relaxed ethnic policy in the Far East. As a result, Jews poured into the Far East, and the Soviet Union even established a Jewish autonomous prefecture on the Sino-Russian border. Some Jews also entered Harbin, a city in China occupied by Russia, and the Shanghai Concession.

▲ Harbin Jewish Church, which has been changed to Jewish History and Culture Museum.

Before the October Revolution in Russia, more than 6,000 Jews lived in Harbin and operated hundreds of industrial and commercial enterprises. After the "October Revolution", a large number of wealthy old Russian aristocrats fled Russia for fear of the red regime, and many of them came to Harbin and Shanghai.

The number of Russian Jews in Harbin has soared to more than 20,000, and the number of Russian Jews in Shanghai has also exceeded 4,000. There are also some Russian Jews who moved from Harbin to Tianjin Concession, reaching 3500 at most.

▲ Tianjin synagogue, located at the intersection of Nanjing Road and Zhengzhou Road in Heping District.

Russian Jews in Shanghai did not completely join the Sefadi Jewish community from the beginning, and kept their independence. After their number was greatly increased, they set up their own independent organization in 1932.

Compared with the charity function of Sefadi Jewish community, Russian Jews pay more attention to the propaganda and activities of Zionism. Zionism is the idea of returning to Palestine and establishing a Jewish homeland. Russian Jews all over China have established Zionist organizations to unite Jews.

Russian Jews are the majority of modern Jews who have lived in China for a long time. They came to China because of persecution and were full of enthusiasm for Zionism.

Fourth, Jewish refugees who took refuge in China during World War II

In 1933, the German Nazis came to power, showing an obvious anti-Semitic tendency. Some German Jews began to leave their motherland and went to relatives and friends all over the world. By the summer of 1937, about 1,500 Jews had arrived in Shanghai by normal sea.

▲ Nazi Germany set off a climax of anti-Semitism, and Jews fled Germany and German-controlled areas.

In August 1937, Germany set off a large-scale wave of anti-Semitism, and the number of Jews coming to China increased sharply. In two years, at least 20,000 Jews arrived in Shanghai. When the world closed its doors to Jews, Shanghai opened its doors to these Jewish refugees for two reasons:

The first is that Shanghai was in a delicate period at that time. After the Battle of Songhu in 1937, most of Shanghai was occupied by the Japanese, and the China government lost its jurisdiction over Shanghai. As a result, Shanghai has become a "free port" and can enter without any proof or guarantee.

▲ Jews fled Nazi Germany.

The second reason is the act of He Fengshan, Consul General of China in Austria. Seeing that the Nazi persecution of Jews is getting worse, He Fengshan, Britain and the United States and other countries refused to accept more Jewish refugees, issued Chinese visas to a large number of Austrian Jews to help them leave this country that was about to be annexed by the Nazis.

▲ China diplomat He Fengshan, who saved a large number of Jews from escaping from the tiger’s mouth, and a sculpture commemorating him.

Due to the large number of Jewish refugees and poor economic conditions, most of them can only live in Hongkou District in the north of the public concession. Under the pressure of the Nazis, the Japanese occupation authorities set up an isolation zone in 1943, limiting Jewish refugees to live only in Hongkou and Yangshupu areas.

Despite the hard years of Japanese occupation, Shanghai residents still tried their best to help Jewish refugees. They vacated their houses for Jewish refugees to live in and treat Jewish refugees injured in the war.

▲ Memorial Hall for Jewish Refugees in Hongkou District, Shanghai, the main settlement of Jewish refugees in that year.

At first, Jewish refugees joined the early Russian Jewish community. With the increase in the number of refugees and the complexity of nationality, refugees have set up their own associations and become the main organizations to contact and help Jewish refugees.

Generally speaking, although the Jewish refugees who took refuge in Shanghai are hard, their life safety is still guaranteed. Many people do business in Shanghai and their lives are not so bad. So they spent the whole World War II.

V. The disappearance of Jewish communities in China.

On May 14th, 1948, the State of Israel was proclaimed, and the Jews finally had their own homeland. Three Jewish communities in modern China also welcomed their own homes.

▲ On May 14, 1948, Israel announced the founding of the country in the birthplace of Palestine (Canaan).

Sefadi Jewish businessmen, mainly British and American, became enemies of the Japanese authorities after the outbreak of the Pacific War. They were put into concentration camps and all their property was confiscated. After World War II, as the privileges of Shanghai Concession and foreign powers in China were taken back by China, Sefadi Jews lost their original advantages and gradually moved their property and business to Hong Kong, and their organization and influence basically disappeared.

After the Japanese occupation of the three northeastern provinces, the Russian Jewish community in Harbin began to flee or move southward in large numbers, leaving only 1,100 people in 1937. When the Soviet Red Army liberated the Northeast, the Jewish community was cancelled and all the Jews were scattered.

The Russian Jewish community in Shanghai began to disintegrate during the War of Liberation. Before the liberation of Shanghai, their number was less than 1000. In 1956, the last synagogue in Shanghai ceased to be used, which marked the complete demise of the Jewish community.

▲ Schematic diagram of the comparison between the State of Israel stipulated by the United Nations and Israel in the period of David in the 10th century BC.

The Jewish refugee community that took refuge in Shanghai in World War II began to disintegrate after the war. Refugees are returning home one after another, and many people have responded to the Zionist call and gathered in Palestine to prepare for the establishment of an Israeli state.

▲ The population growth trend of Israel since 1948.

At this point, the Jews in Chinese mainland basically dissipated, but the love between Jews and China did not end. Many Jews who have lived in China call themselves "Chinese Jews". Former Israeli Prime Minister Olmert is the second generation of "Chinese Jews", and his parents were born in Harbin.

▲ The establishment of the State of Israel has finally realized the Jewish dream of the motherland that lasted for two thousand years.

To this day, in Israel, the United States and other places, there are still active international friendship organizations commemorating the years of China and Shanghai. Many Jews who lived in China in those days came to China to seek their roots with their children, so that they could remember this precious time.

Long-time author | Pei Lin

A veteran lover of history

Editor in charge | ｜Thomas

Graduate of London School of Economics and Political Science | Editor-in-Chief of Global Intelligence

—(End of full text)—

Unauthorized reprinting is prohibited.

Original title: "Jews have lived in China for thousands of years, but why have they disappeared now? 》

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Is it reliable to spend money on internships？ Some intermediaries clearly mark the internship opportunities of famous enterprises.

　　College students’ internship in enterprises before graduation, especially in famous enterprises, is not only conducive to improving their own ability, but also very helpful for finding jobs in the future. However, this is actually used as a channel for making money by intermediaries. Some intermediaries claim that they can recommend college students to practice in famous enterprises with the help of huge enterprise resources and workplace tutor resources, and clearly mark the internship opportunities, saying that "they can be pushed internally to ensure that they can go in for internships" and "no fees are charged if they are unsuccessful". The "Workers Daily" reporter noted that the fees charged by intermediaries ranged from thousands of yuan to tens of thousands of yuan. Is this internship reliable?

　　The internship has been guaranteed, and the maximum need is more than 50,000 yuan.

　　"Students who want to go to top investment banks, big four accounting firms, well-known consulting companies and other institutions for winter internship can contact me and be guaranteed. The internship time is about three months, which requires a certain fee. " Just as some senior graduates were running around looking for internship opportunities in winter vacation, some intermediaries began to promote internship positions in employment forums of major universities.

　　In the list of "target offer (employment notice) and fees", the agency clearly classified different types of enterprises in different industries. Take investment banks and consulting companies with high academic qualifications and high gold content as an example. The internship offer of the most expensive foreign investment bank is priced at 52,800 yuan, while the internship offer of foreign consulting companies is priced at 46,800 yuan. In this project list, the cheapest ones are domestic fast-moving consumer goods and Internet companies, and the price tag ranges from 7800 yuan to 15000 yuan.

　　The reporter consulted an intermediary agency in Guangzhou as a job seeker and found that the intermediary agency has different packages to choose from according to the different needs of job seekers. For example, if the goal is to guarantee an offer for the internship position, there will be a job-seeking consultant to teach career planning, resume revision, interview counseling and three financial practice courses, and get the internship offer within two months. If it is unsuccessful, most of the fees will be refunded at a price of 5,999 yuan/person; For high-end positions with hukou needs such as Beijing and Shanghai, they are priced one-on-one separately, and they can’t get targeted positions, and all of them are refunded.

　　9.9 yuan can join the winter vacation internship promotion group.

　　In addition to using employment forums, the reporter found that many intermediaries also operate WeChat official account for publicity. There is a winter vacation internship push group in the menu below WeChat official account. There are generally two ways to join the push group: one is to forward the WeChat of the intermediary company to the circle of friends or the WeChat group of college students with more than 100 people to help promote it; Second, you can pay for 9.9 yuan’s backward group by scanning the code.

　　After the reporter entered the South China Group of an intermediary agency, he found that there were nearly 500 members in the group. Every day, the intermediary consultant sends the internship information to the group in the form of pictures, but the delivery mailbox left is not the enterprise mailbox, but the intermediary company’s mailbox is used as a transit point, and then the intermediary company throws it into the enterprise mailbox.

　　The intermediary consultant said that this kind of extrapolation method does not need to screen resumes, and it is possible to go directly to the interview. However, when some students told the consultant that they didn’t wait for the interview notice, the consultant simply responded "wait".

　　And some "more secure" internships are pushed in by paying. Students scan the QR code to fill in the membership application form. In addition to the name, school, grade, major and basic information, the registration form should also fill in information such as graduation plan, expected internship start time, internship days, target industry, expected position, job target city, career confusion, reasons for wanting to participate in internship, academic background, scholarship experience, award-winning experience, community experience and internship experience.

　　The intermediary consultant explained that this kind of referral opportunity belongs to his own company, which can guarantee the entry, but it needs to pay to lock the quota, and if the interview fails, it will be refunded in full, and the recommendation fee is about one or two months’ internship salary.

　　Is the practice of intermediaries legal?

　　So, is this practice of intermediaries legal? People in the legal profession pointed out that from a legal point of view, it is not illegal for intermediaries to provide internship opportunities to college graduates at a clearly marked price. However, if intermediaries engage in false propaganda and defraud college graduates, they will infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of college graduates and are suspected of breaking the law.

　　"I think this kind of service is acceptable with a clear price tag." Liu Tongxue, a senior student who is looking for a job, told the reporter that she calculated an account for the reporter: "The relationship between supply and demand of graduates and recruitment positions in our line is very unbalanced. Take our school as an example. Among the 3,000 to 4,000 people who graduate every year, there are at least 800 people who want to enter the financial industry. How can there be so many internship positions for brokers? " Some students also said that they would choose to pay for an internship opportunity with high gold content because they want to enrich their resumes abroad.

　　In this regard, a career consultant told reporters that the authenticity and effectiveness of the "paid internal push" service mode mentioned by some intermediaries have yet to be verified. There is no standard for the effect and satisfaction of post-service, and once a dispute occurs, it is difficult to protect the rights and interests of job seekers.

　　He believes that college students should still obtain the job information of their favorite enterprises through campus recommendation, campus job fairs or large recruitment websites. At the same time, college students should consciously improve their comprehensive strength to meet the requirements of enterprises, instead of spending money to take "shortcuts".

　　Our reporter Ye Xiaozhong Intern Liu Chubing Lin Guanfeng

In the first year, the General Secretary led high-quality development in this way.

　　"Firmly grasp the primary task of high-quality development." This year’s National People’s Congress, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed when attending the deliberation of the Jiangsu delegation.

　　After the National People’s Congress and the National People’s Congress, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made many arrangements and demands around Chinese modernization and high-quality development.

　　Walking the land of Lingnan, traveling thousands of miles in four days, points out the direction for Guangdong to "walk in the forefront in promoting Chinese modernization".

　　Arriving in xiong’an new area, I entrusted "to truly turn the high-standard urban planning blueprint into a high-quality realistic picture of urban development".

　　I went to Xi ‘an, the ancient capital, to listen to the work report of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government, demanding "efforts to achieve new breakthroughs in realizing self-reliance in science and technology, building a modern industrial system, promoting coordinated development of urban and rural areas, expanding high-level opening up, and strengthening ecological environment protection".

　　Traveling in the Hetao Plain, investigating in the two places, holding two meetings, and emphasizing the construction of an important ecological security barrier in northern China are the "big country" that Inner Mongolia must bear in mind.

　　Looking at the land of plenty, I profoundly pointed out that "the key to Chinese modernization lies in scientific and technological modernization", and hoped that Jiangsu would take the lead in making new breakthroughs in scientific and technological innovation, build an important industrial scientific and technological innovation highland in the country, and make high-quality development rely more on innovation-driven connotative growth.

　　To the land of abundance, we emphasize "deepening the reform of development mode, development power, development field and development quality, and creating a new situation of high-quality development in China".

　　… … … …

　　Development is the top priority of the party in governing and rejuvenating the country. Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Party put forward: "High-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way."

　　This year is the first year to fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, and it is also the 45th anniversary of reform and opening up and the 10th anniversary of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. Doing a good job in this year’s economic and social development and promoting the overall improvement of economic operation are very important for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

　　The beginning is related to the overall situation, and the beginning determines the future.

　　On July 17th, the semi-annual economic report of China was published. Looking at the "shape" and "potential" in the report card: the GDP in the first half of the year increased by 5.5% year-on-year, which was significantly faster than the economic growth rate of 3% last year; Since the beginning of this year, the national economy has continued to recover, the overall recovery has improved, high-quality development has been solidly promoted, industrial upgrading has accumulated, food and energy security has been effectively guaranteed, and the overall social situation has remained stable, laying a good foundation for achieving the annual economic and social development goals.

　　On July 24th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee meeting, which analyzed and studied the current economic situation and made arrangements for economic work in the second half of the year.

　　In the first year of endeavor, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, all localities and departments adhered to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, adhered to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, fully, accurately and comprehensively implemented the new development concept, accelerated the construction of a new development pattern, comprehensively deepened reform and opening up, intensified macro-policy control, focused on expanding domestic demand, boosting confidence, preventing risks, and continuously promoted the continuous improvement of economic operation, endogenous power and social expectations.

　　Grasp the time and situation — —

　　"We must implement the new development concept completely, accurately and comprehensively"

　　The electric welding robot is radiant with arc light, and the mechanical working arm can expand and contract freely. On July 3, China’s 20 millionth new energy vehicle drove off the Guangzhou Guangzhou Guangzhou Automobile Ai ‘an production line.

　　From the first car to the 10 millionth car, 27 years; From the 10 millionth vehicle to the breakthrough of 20 million vehicles, 17 months. The leaping figures indicate the speed and strength of "China Zhizao".

　　"Take the road of self-reliance and realize self-reliance and self-reliance in science and technology." In April, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to Guangzhou Automobile Aian New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd. and walked into the enterprise exhibition hall, assembly workshop and battery production workshop to learn about the progress of enterprises in breaking through key core technologies and promoting high-end, intelligent and green manufacturing.

　　Developing new energy vehicles is the only way for China to move from a big automobile country to a strong automobile country. As early as 2014, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made a judgment during an inspection.

　　"Three Electricity" technology continues to innovate, low-carbon environmental protection and green travel, and exports climb to the world … … Today, China has become the largest producer, consumer and exporter of new energy vehicles in the world. With the new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, the new energy automobile industry has become a vivid window to observe the high-quality development of China.

　　"High-quality development is a development that can well meet the people’s growing needs for a better life, a development that embodies the new development concept, a development in which innovation becomes the first driving force, coordination becomes an endogenous feature, green becomes a universal form, openness becomes the only way, and sharing becomes the fundamental purpose."

　　This is a scientific judgment of time and potential. From "have" to "good", the development environment and conditions are changing, and the development concept is also advancing with the times and changing with the situation. "The five development concepts of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing are formed on the basis of deeply summarizing the development experiences and lessons at home and abroad, and also on the basis of deeply analyzing the development trend at home and abroad." "We must implement the new development concept completely, accurately and comprehensively."

　　The new development concept is the strategic guidance and important follow-up to promote high-quality development in the new era. On the new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, the concept is clearer and the path is clearer.

　　At the two sessions of the National People’s Congress this year, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during the deliberation of the Jiangsu delegation that "high-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. We must implement the new development concept completely, accurately and comprehensively, and always grasp, measure and promote development with the internal unity of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing "; When visiting the members of the Democratic National Construction Association of Industry and Commerce who attended the CPPCC meeting, he stressed that "it is necessary to guide private enterprises and private entrepreneurs to correctly understand the principles and policies of the CPC Central Committee, enhance their confidence, travel lightly and boldly, and realize the healthy and high-quality development of the private economy."

　　Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, all localities and departments have thoroughly studied and implemented Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, fully grasped, accurately understood and fully implemented the new development concept, and promoted quality change, efficiency change and power change.

　　Advocate innovation and stimulate the change of motivation.

　　In the Purple Mountain Laboratory in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, the 6G pulse is exciting and the future scene is desirable.

　　On July 6th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to Zijinshan Laboratory and walked into the exhibition hall and the 6G comprehensive laboratory to learn more about tackling key scientific and technological tasks, stressing that "with the rapid development of information technology, subversive technologies may appear at any time, we should take a realistic and solid innovation path and make contributions to achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance".

　　Innovating "gene" and deeply planting it in Zijinshan laboratory. Completed the world’s first 6G photon terahertz 100Gbps real-time wireless transmission communication experiment, and released the world’s first large-scale network operating system. In recent years, a number of breakthrough achievements have emerged. Live up to expectations and continue to tackle key problems, and the research team will move towards the maturity and practicality of key technologies.

　　The weak innovation ability is the Achilles heel of development. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "whoever takes the lead in innovation will have the initiative to lead development" and "grasping innovation means grasping development, and seeking innovation means seeking the future".

　　Deepen the reform of the scientific and technological system, strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, and promote the development of strategic emerging industries. In the first half of the year, the output of aerospace aluminum materials, industrial control computers and systems increased by 23.3% and 34.1% respectively, and the output of new energy products such as new energy vehicles, solar cells and charging piles increased by 35%, 54.5% and 53.1% respectively. The "first driving force" of innovation is even stronger.

　　Pay attention to coordination and enhance endogenous motivation.

　　In May, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over a symposium to further promote the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, stressing that "it is necessary to firmly grasp the function of resolving Beijing’s non-capital ‘ Bull’s nose ’ " "We should strengthen collaborative innovation and industrial cooperation" and "further promote intra-regional cooperation". In three forums in ten years, the general secretary directed the pulse for the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.

　　Xiong’ an is connected to the national high-speed rail network; The list of eco-environmental measures in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei in 2023 was announced; In May, the three places signed the "Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Key Industrial Chain Coordination Mechanism Plan", joined strong chains to make up the chain, and opened up "card points" and "blocking points"; In the first half of the year, Hebei undertook the transfer of Beijing and Tianjin to 526 industrial activity units, and xiong’an new area’s investment in fixed assets increased by 17.8% year-on-year & hellip; … The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei on the track runs faster and faster, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei under the blue sky screens the "friend circle", and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei on the industrial transfer chain is prosperous.

　　China is in the stage of moving from a middle-income country to a high-income country. International experience shows that this stage is a period of concentrated outbreaks of various contradictions, and it is inevitable that the development is uncoordinated and there are many shortcomings. "To coordinate development, we must find out the shortcomings, make more efforts to fill the shortcomings, tap the development potential and enhance the development potential by filling the shortcomings."

　　Make up for shortcomings, promote integration. Since the beginning of this year, xiong’an new area has entered the stage of paying equal attention to large-scale construction and undertaking the function relief of Beijing’s non-capital. The rectification of outstanding ecological problems in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has been steadily promoted, the construction of Hengqin, Qianhai and Nansha cooperation zones has been accelerated, and the pace of integration of science and technology and industry in the Yangtze River Delta has been accelerated. The "endogenous characteristic" of coordination is more prominent.

　　Advocate green and polish the background of development.

　　Forest and sand compete, green and yellow interweave, Hetao plain, and the Yellow River meanders. In June, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited Inner Mongolia. In the work report meeting of the Party Committee and government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, high-quality development, ecological priority and green development are still "primary" and "guiding" in the work emphasized by the general secretary.

　　From July 17th to 18th, the National Conference on Ecological Environment Protection was held. The Supreme Leader General Secretary delivered an important speech, comprehensively summarized the great achievements that attracted worldwide attention in China’s ecological civilization construction, deeply analyzed the current situation faced by ecological civilization construction, profoundly expounded the major relations that need to be handled in the new journey to promote ecological civilization construction, and systematically deployed strategic tasks and major measures to comprehensively promote the construction of beautiful China, providing direction guidance and fundamental follow-up for further strengthening ecological environment protection and promoting ecological civilization construction.

　　"We must explore new ways of high-quality development oriented to ecological priority and green development." Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the construction of ecological civilization has undergone historic, turning and overall changes from theory to practice.

　　"Support high-quality development with high-quality ecological environment and accelerate the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature." The next five years will be an important period for the construction of beautiful China.

　　Carbon reduction, pollution reduction, greening and growth have been promoted in coordination. In the first half of the year, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality in the national surface water assessment increased by 2.1 percentage points year-on-year, the energy consumption per unit GDP decreased by 0.4% year-on-year, and the environmental quality continued to improve. The "universal form" of green is more distinct.

　　Thick planting is open, which helps internal and external linkage.

　　Xi ‘an, Shaanxi, the eastern starting point of the ancient Silk Road. "China — At the Central Asia Summit, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out, "We should continue to build ‘ Belt and Road ’ Cooperation is at the forefront "and" fully release the potential of traditional cooperation such as economy, trade, production capacity, energy and transportation ".

　　Today’s "Silk Road", roads cross mountains, pipelines shuttle through the desert, and trains in Central Europe fly. "Belt and Road", the scenery is just right.

　　Opening-up has become a necessity for the high-quality development of China’s economy, and Chinese-style modernization is a modernization that takes the road of peaceful development. "We must unswervingly develop an open world economy, share opportunities and interests in openness, and achieve mutual benefit and win-win."

　　The "Invest in China Year" series of activities was launched, and the Consumer Expo and Canton Fair were successfully held one after another, making the circle of friends wider and the development world wider. Up to now, China-Europe trains have reached 216 cities in 25 countries in Europe; In the first half of the year, the total export of "new three products" such as electric manned vehicles, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells increased by 61.6%. Opening up this "only way" is more accessible.

　　Promote sharing and accelerate the change of happiness.

　　Maoming, Guangdong, a litchi, tastes the initial heart.

　　In April, in Baiqiao Village, Genzi Town, Gaozhou City, the "hometown of litchi", General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Developing characteristic industries is an important way to realize rural revitalization, and efforts should be made to ‘ Local products ’ The article promotes the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside with industrial revitalization. " "the Communist Party of China (CPC) has no self-interest. Being in power means serving the people and making the people happy."

　　"I hope that the life of the villagers will be more prosperous and as prosperous as litchi!" Baiqiao Village is the first village visited by the General Secretary in China this year. Simple words, deep feelings and heavy righteousness.

　　Chinese-style modernization is the modernization of common prosperity for all people. "Only by adhering to the people-centered development thought, insisting that development is for the people, development depends on the people, and development results are shared by the people, can we have a correct concept of development and modernization."

　　The affairs of thousands of families are placed on the desk and hung in my heart. At present, 429 cities have completed the preparation of the overall solution of "one old and one small" to achieve full coverage at the prefecture level; This year, 156.7 billion yuan was allocated to help the needy; In the first half of the year, about 65% of the monitored objects eliminated the risk of returning to poverty. The "fundamental purpose" of sharing is more clear.

　　The heavy answer sheet has attracted international attention. In June, the 14th Summer Davos Forum was held in Tianjin. Schwab, President of the World Economic Forum, said: "The whole world has benefited from the development of China."

　　Carrying out the new development concept is the only way for China to develop and grow in the new era. We will carry out the new development concept in the whole process of economic and social development and in all fields, and strive for innovation through change, progress through innovation, and breakthrough through progress. On the new journey, China will stride forward towards high-quality development.

　　Coordinating quality and quantity — —

　　"We must better coordinate the effective improvement of quality and the reasonable increase of quantity"

　　Two metaphors about "head" are meaningful.

　　First, in July this year, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader was quite emotional after his inspection in Jiangsu: "In the past, people thought that we were less than one meter and two, so we didn’t have to buy tickets; Now that we have developed into a 1.89-meter-tall man in Northeast China, we must take the road of self-reliance and self-improvement, and only when the rice bowl is in our own hands can we have ‘ Grain ’ Don’t panic in your heart. Strategic significance, so I spare no effort to promote the strong chain to supplement the chain and extend the chain everywhere. "

　　First, in January 2016, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the seminar on studying and implementing the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18 th CPC Central Committee at the provincial and ministerial level: "Economic development is facing a speed shift node, just like a person, from 10 to 18 years old, he is very long, and the speed of being long slows down after 18 years old."

　　At that time, with the increasing economic aggregate, China encountered a series of new situations and problems in its development, which was in the "three-phase superposition" of the growth rate shift period, the structural adjustment pain period and the early stimulus policy digestion period.

　　At present, unilateralism, protectionism and anti-globalization are spreading, and China’s development has entered a period in which strategic opportunities and risk challenges coexist and uncertainties and unpredictable factors increase.

　　How can you be stronger when you are longer? Two metaphors, one pointing to, "One of the most important aspects of our party’s leadership in governing the country and politics is to answer the important question of what kind of development to achieve and how to achieve it."

　　The two overall situations are intertwined, and new situations and new problems follow. At the helm, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader deeply understands that "the effective improvement of quality and the reasonable growth of quantity must be better coordinated".

　　From quantitative change to qualitative change is an objective economic law.

　　This is a pass that must be crossed. Looking at the world, since the 1960s, only a dozen of the more than 100 middle-income economies in the world have become high-income economies. Those countries and regions that have achieved success have all realized the economic development from quantitative expansion to qualitative improvement after experiencing the stage of rapid growth. "Economic development is a spiral rising process, and the rising is not linear. When the quantity accumulates to a certain stage, it must turn to qualitative improvement".

　　This is a transformation that must be faced directly. Looking at itself, the problem of "is there" in most fields has been basically solved, and the problem of "good" is more prominent. When Socialism with Chinese characteristics entered a new era, major changes have taken place in the main social contradictions in China, and the problem of insufficient development imbalance has become more prominent. The contradictions and problems in development are mainly reflected in the quality of development. "We must promote high-quality development to adapt to the new changes in science and technology and the new needs of the people, form a high-quality, efficient and diversified supply system, and provide more high-quality products and services. In this way, supply and demand can be balanced at a new level, and China’s economy can continue to develop healthily. "

　　Overall planning of quality and quantity, a necessary question for development, and a crucial question for high-quality development.

　　The the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee meeting held on April 28th put forward that "the combination of giving full play to the effectiveness of policies and stimulating the vitality of business entities will form a powerful driving force to promote high-quality development" and "promoting the effective improvement of quality and reasonable growth of the economy".

　　The the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee meeting held on July 24th proposed that we should make good use of policy space, find the right direction of development, and solidly promote high-quality economic development.

　　Outline of the Strategic Plan for Expanding Domestic Demand (2022— In 2035), the Implementation Plan for the Strategy of Expanding Domestic Demand in the 14th Five-Year Plan was accelerated, and the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Development and Growth of Private Economy was officially issued, which has a strong driving force and full of vitality to promote high-quality development.

　　In the first year, all localities and departments implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, insisted on winning by quality, and constantly shaped new development advantages.

　　"We keep in mind the entrustment and continue to forge ahead ‘ No man’s land ’ , win the key core technology battle. " Bu Aimin, president of China Electric Power Industry Basic Research Institute, said that the innovative research and development of a series of products provided solid support for the development of manned space flight, lunar Mars exploration, Beidou networking and other equipment and digital economy industries.

　　In May, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader who visited Hebei came to China Institute of Electric Power Industry Foundation in Shijiazhuang, stressing that "to promote modernization, we must rely on powerful countries in science and technology and industry. A strong country in science and technology cannot be separated from a scientific and technological elite and a scientific and technological phalanx. "

　　Effective improvement of quality is the proper meaning of high-quality development. All regions and departments rely on scientific and technological innovation to improve the quality of supply, adhere to the priority of efficiency, constantly open up new areas of development, and expand new development momentum.

　　The effective improvement of quality makes the momentum of "progress" more sufficient.

　　The development momentum is surging. In the first half of the year, investment in high-tech industries increased by 12.5% year-on-year. Investment in professional technical services and scientific and technological achievements transformation services increased by 51.6% and 46.3% respectively; Investment in manufacturing industry increased by 6% year-on-year, of which investment in equipment manufacturing industry increased by 14.4%, which played an obvious supporting role in manufacturing investment growth.

　　The economic structure has improved. In the first half of the year, economic growth was mainly driven by industry last year, and it was promoted by service industry and industry together; The contribution rate of service industry growth to economic growth has exceeded 60%, which has greatly increased.

　　Market vitality is released. By the end of May, there were 50,927,600 registered private enterprises in China, which was 3.7 times higher than the 10,857,000 registered private enterprises at the end of 2012. There were more than 25 million private enterprises with new technologies, new industries, new formats and new models.

　　Maintain a reasonable growth in quantity and lay a solid foundation for achieving high-quality development.

　　"The economy should continue to develop, and there should be no ups and downs." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out.

　　Dialectically understanding and scientifically coordinating the relationship between quality and quantity of economic development is an important experience of our party in leading economic work. For an economy as big as China, it is helpful to ensure the smooth economic cycle and maintain the overall social stability to persist in striving for progress while maintaining a reasonable increase in quantity.

　　The reasonable growth of quantity makes the foundation of "stability" stronger.

　　On May 5th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the first meeting of the 20th Central Financial and Economic Committee, which emphasized "understanding, adapting and leading the new normal of population development" and "supporting Chinese modernization with high-quality population development".

　　On July 20th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the second meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Committee, emphasizing "effectively strengthening the protection of cultivated land, making every effort to improve the quality of cultivated land, fully tapping the comprehensive utilization potential of saline-alkali land, steadily expanding the agricultural production space and improving the comprehensive agricultural production capacity".

　　Go all out to fix the chassis. This year’s summer grain output reached 146.13 million tons, and another bumper harvest; In the first half of the year, the total primary energy production increased by 2.7% year-on-year, and we stabilized the two "rice bowls" of grain and energy.

　　Do everything possible to stabilize employment. Beijing expands job supply to promote the employment of college graduates; Shaanxi has introduced six new measures, such as raising employment subsidy standards and fully discounting business guarantee loans; In the first half of the year, the stable employment policy of the human and social departments released dividends exceeding 150 billion yuan.

　　Take more measures and draw the bottom line. We implemented the youth employment and entrepreneurship promotion plan focusing on 10 actions such as improving the quality of employment internships, and issued the Opinions on Promoting the Construction of the Basic Old-age Service System, expanding the variety of centralized procurement of pharmaceutical consumables, and the people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security continued to increase.

　　If the quality and quantity of economic development are organically unified, and a vivid situation and a strong synergy are formed in which the whole country is competing to promote high-quality development, it will certainly continue to stimulate the endogenous motivation of economic development.

　　Insight into danger and opportunity — —

　　"Accelerate the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic big cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycles promoting each other"

　　Changes in the world, times and history are unfolding in an unprecedented way.

　　Accurately recognizing change, responding scientifically and actively seeking change, contemporary the Communist Party of China (CPC) people calmly respond.

　　Silicon wafer assembly, photovoltaic concentration, green electricity to ten thousand households. Manufacturing and new energy are closely linked. In the Central Industrial Park in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, we are aiming at the localization of semiconductor monocrystalline silicon and tackling key problems.

　　Small silicon chips are connected with major strategies. On June 7th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited the Central Industrial Park. After some exhortations, I earnestly said: "To build a new development pattern, we must first do a good job in the domestic macro-cycle, which is the fundamental solution." "We open our doors and anyone who comes to cooperate with us is welcome."

　　Accelerating the construction of a new development pattern is a strategic decision based on achieving the goal of the second century, overall development and security, and a strategic deployment to grasp the initiative of future development. In April, 2020, at the seventh meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Committee, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader proposed for the first time to build a new development pattern with the domestic big cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycles promoting each other.

　　Report to the 20th CPC National Congress, the Communist Party of China, put forward that "we should speed up the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic big cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycles promoting each other".

　　The key choice of the overall development of the relationship comes from the profound insight into the crisis and opportunity. From the domestic cycle before the reform and opening up to joining the international cycle, the "world factory" development model helps to rapidly enhance economic strength. In recent years, economic globalization has met with counter-current, the game between big countries has become increasingly fierce, and the environmental conditions of big entry and big exit have changed. "Only by unblocking the domestic circulation and striving to cultivate a body that is invulnerable to all poisons and indestructible to the king kong can we let the international situation change and always survive and develop with vigor, and no one can knock us down and jam us."

　　The the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee meeting held on July 24th pointed out that the current economic operation is facing new difficulties and challenges, mainly due to insufficient domestic demand, difficulties in some enterprises’ operation, many hidden risks in key areas and complicated and severe external environment. After the smooth transition of epidemic prevention and control, economic recovery is a process of wave development and tortuous progress.

　　Strive to cultivate opportunities in the crisis and open a new game in the changing situation. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, all localities and departments have better coordinated the two overall domestic and international situations, expanded domestic demand, increased advantages, supplemented shortcomings, and smoothed the cycle, presenting a new atmosphere and showing new achievements in service and integration into the new development pattern.

　　The key to building a new development pattern lies in the unimpeded economic cycle.

　　"Two guarantees" are very important. Based on oneself, smooth circulation.

　　All terrain crane vigorously pulls mountains and rivers. The general secretary is very concerned about this major technical equipment.

　　In December 2017, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to Xugong Group during his inspection in Jiangsu, and boarded the cab of XCA220 all-terrain wheeled crane with great interest.

　　During the National People’s Congress this year, the representative of Shan Zenghai from Xugong Group brought good news: "In 2017, the key indicators of the 220-ton all terrain crane you took when you visited Xugong have reached the top in the world, and the localization rate has increased from 71% to 100%."

　　"I often say that two things will be guaranteed. One is that China, a grain rice bowl, must be firmly secured, and another manufacturing industry must be firmly secured. A big country with a population of more than 1.4 billion must solve these two problems on its own, and cannot ‘ Eat all over the sky with one stroke ’ No international market can protect us. " The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader expressed his feelings.

　　Upstream, the whole body has more than 10,000 kinds and more than 100,000 parts; Downstream, the construction field covers municipal, chemical, wind power and other scenes. All terrain crane, grasp the industrial chain, smooth the upstream and downstream.

　　"The new development pattern is based on the modern industrial system, and the smooth economic cycle requires orderly links and efficient smoothness of all industries."

　　In the past 10 years in the new era, the scale of manufacturing industry has ranked first in the world for 13 consecutive years, and the output of more than 220 kinds of industrial products has ranked first in the world. The endogenous power and reliability of domestic large-scale circulation have been continuously enhanced.

　　Short-board industries complement the chain, advantageous industries extend the chain, traditional industries upgrade the chain and emerging industries build the chain. In the first half of this year, the added value of 26 of the 41 major industrial sectors maintained a year-on-year growth, and China continued to move towards a modern industrial system that is self-controllable, safe, reliable and competitive.

　　The most essential feature of building a new development pattern is to achieve a high level of self-reliance and self-improvement.

　　Walking nonstop, I am worried about "innovation" along the way.

　　In May 2020, in Shanxi Taigang Stainless Steel Precision Strip Co., Ltd., General Secretary of the Supreme Leader encouraged enterprises to "make persistent efforts in scientific and technological innovation and bravely climb the peak". Grateful to forge ahead, the "hand-torn steel" was reduced from 0.02 mm to 0.015 mm, and the "soft fingers" was upgraded.

　　In June 2022, in Donghu New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan, Hubei Province, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized "Breakthrough ‘ Get stuck in the neck ’ Key core technologies are urgent. " Work hard, a beam of laser turns into "the fastest knife, the most accurate ruler and the brightest light" here.

　　Talk about hope and point out the path. "Self-reliance in science and technology is the fundamental support to promote the overall development, and it is the key to ensure the smooth domestic circulation and shape China’s new advantages in the international circulation." "To promote the construction of a new development pattern and achieve high-quality development, it is urgent for us to strengthen basic research and solve key technical problems from the source and the bottom."

　　In the past 10 years in the new era, from the vast fields to the sea of stars, the innovative notes of high-quality development marches are passionate and loud. The longest sea-crossing bridge, the largest 5G network and the longest quantum communication … … The total number of R&D personnel ranks first in the world, and the effective number of invention patents ranks first in the world. China has entered the ranks of innovative countries with its head held high.

　　"Grasping innovation will seize the ‘ that affects the overall economic and social development; Niubi ’ 。” Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, China has unswervingly taken the road of independent innovation with China characteristics, vigorously built an innovative country and a powerful country in science and technology, and promoted historic, holistic and structural changes in science and technology.

　　To accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, we must firmly grasp the strategic basis of expanding domestic demand.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "The formation of a strong domestic market is an important support for building a new development pattern and is also the economic advantage of a big country."

　　The pedestrian street is crowded with people, and it is hard to get a ticket for the scenic spot. During the May Day holiday, the number of domestic tourists increased by 70.83% year-on-year; During the Dragon Boat Festival holiday, domestic tourism revenue reached 37.31 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 44.5%. In the first year, mobile China was full of vitality.

　　Super-large-scale market advantage, super-large population size and super-large economic volume contain high-quality development momentum.

　　Consumption is picking up. "Combination boxing" has been played one after another, and the consumption season is brilliant, exerting new consumption, new scenes and new kinetic energy to promote energy consumption, dare to consume and be willing to consume. In the first half of the year, the total retail sales of social consumer goods increased by 8.2% year-on-year, maintaining rapid growth; The contribution rate of final consumption expenditure to economic growth reached 77.2%, significantly higher than last year.

　　Invest in strength. The construction period is reversed, and the horsepower is fully open. The project of diverting water from Han to Wei benefited Qinchuan. The world’s first 16 MW offshore wind turbine is connected to the grid to generate electricity, and gurgling green electricity is generated at sea. We will accelerate the implementation of 102 major projects in the Tenth Five-Year Plan, promote private capital to participate in the construction of major national projects, and increase investment in infrastructure and manufacturing by 7.2% and 6% respectively, giving full play to the key role of effective investment.

　　To speed up the construction of a new development pattern, we must coordinate the internal and external. “‘ Double cycle ’ We don’t want to close our doors, but when others don’t open the door for us, we can live and live better ourselves. " "Economic globalization is the avenue, and cooperation and win-win is the best."

　　The second anniversary of the global development initiative, the tenth anniversary of the initiative to jointly build the Belt and Road, and the tenth anniversary of the concept of building a community of human destiny … … Standing at a new historical starting point, China will only open wider and wider. All localities and departments persist in comprehensively deepening reforms, expanding high-level opening to the outside world, continuously enhancing the momentum and vitality of the domestic and international cycle, and adding new kinetic energy to promote high-quality economic development.

　　Unify knowledge and action — —

　　"Continuously improve the ability to promote high-quality development, serve the masses, and prevent and resolve risks"

　　Unswervingly promote high-quality development and promote Chinese modernization. What do you think and do in the first year?

　　After four investigations and four "party classes", the theme education went deep and practical.

　　In April, in Guangdong, the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary emphasized that "learning should be used to build a soul" and "it is necessary to deepen, internalize and transform the study and implementation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era".

　　In May, in Shaanxi, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader explained that "learning to increase wisdom" and "learning the skills of housekeeping, rejuvenating the party and strengthening the country".

　　In June, in Inner Mongolia, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader called for "learning to correct the wind" and "adhering to the combination of goal orientation and problem orientation, and integrating learning, investigation and reform".

　　In July, in Jiangsu, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader called for "learning to promote dry work", "enhancing the motivation of dry work, forming a joint force of dry work, and achieving tangible results in promoting dry work with learning".

　　The knower begins to walk, and the walker knows what to do. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out that it is necessary to educate and guide party member and cadres to learn their thoughts and actions, establish a correct view of power, achievements and career, enhance their sense of responsibility and mission, constantly improve their ability to promote high-quality development, serve the masses, prevent and resolve risks, strengthen the cultivation of struggle spirit and struggle skills, and boost their spirit of forging ahead and acting as promising people.

　　Practicality is a prominent feature of Marxism, and the purpose of learning is to use it. Take learning as the traction, seek first, and do it in practice.

　　Based on the current situation, the endogenous motivation is not strong and the demand is still insufficient. There are still many difficulties and challenges to be overcome to promote high-quality development. Face up to difficulties and be brave.

　　Taking a long-term view and promoting Chinese modernization is an unprecedented pioneering cause. Glorious expedition, work hard to prosper the country.

　　New journey, new departure, new charge. In the first year, we thoroughly studied and implemented the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, worked hard, and hundreds of millions of people gathered the surging force of high-quality development.

　　Looking at the overall situation from the beginning, with a more perfect system guarantee, we will go forward bravely.

　　On May 28th, through the grand Watergate Ceremony, C919 completed its commercial maiden voyage.

　　Twenty-two provinces and more than 200 enterprises have worked together to tackle key problems, overcome 163 key technologies and form 1935 patents. How many people have worked hard day and night, and several generations of aviation people have worked hard.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader praised in his New Year message in 2023: "The third aircraft carrier ‘ Fujian ’ Launched, the first C919 aircraft was officially delivered, and Baihetan Hydropower Station was put into full operation … … All this is condensed with the hard work and sweat of countless people. A little spark, gathered into a torch, this is the power of China! "

　　Up to now, the Three Gorges Power Station has sent more than 1.6 trillion kWh of green electricity in 20 years, and the new generation of EMU test trains run at a maximum speed of 453 kilometers per hour in a single row and 891 kilometers per hour in two directions & HELIP; … Since the beginning of this year, new report cards have been handed over by national heavy weapons and century projects, all of which prove that "our greatest advantage is that China’s socialist system can concentrate on doing great things." This is an important magic weapon for our career. "

　　Chinese’s "big plane dream" has been flying for more than half a century, which is closely related to the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the great changes in the new era in the past 10 years.

　　Stabilize the economy, promote development, fight poverty, build a well-off society, control the epidemic situation, resist major disasters, cope with the situation and resolve the crisis. In the past 10 years in the new era, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has placed system construction in a more prominent position, adhered to and improved the party’s leadership system, adhered to and improved the basic socialist economic system, adhered to and improved the system of prospering and developing advanced socialist culture, and adhered to and improved the social governance system of co-construction, co-governance and sharing … … Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system is more mature and stereotyped, and the modernization level of national governance system and governance capacity has been significantly improved.

　　China today has backbone. Upholding the Party’s overall leadership is the only way to uphold and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and Socialism with Chinese characteristics is the only way to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　On the new journey, we will be able to overcome all the risk challenges and push Socialism with Chinese characteristics forward in the new era by thinking in one place and making efforts in one place to better transform China’s institutional advantages into the effectiveness of national governance.

　　Looking at the overall situation from the beginning, we have a more solid material foundation, and we are struggling to run.

　　In the Pearl River Delta, 95% of the parts in a mobile phone can be quickly assembled in the one-hour commute circle in Dongguan; A finished drone can be manufactured without leaving Nanshan District, Shenzhen.

　　In the Yangtze River Delta, on average, five new energy vehicles rolled off the assembly line in one minute, and 70,000 pieces of express delivery were unblocked, accounting for less than 4% of the country’s land area, creating nearly a quarter of China’s total economic output and more than a third of its total import and export volume.

　　"China has strong economic resilience, great potential and full vitality, and its long-term positive fundamentals remain unchanged. As long as we are confident and strive for progress steadily, we will certainly achieve our set goals. "

　　Today’s China has confidence. We won a major decisive victory in epidemic prevention and control, and remained the second largest economy, the largest industrial country and the largest trader of goods in the world. The country’s economic strength, scientific and technological strength and comprehensive national strength have leapt to a new level and embarked on a higher quality, more efficient, fairer, more sustainable and safer development path.

　　On the new journey, by changing the mode, adjusting the structure, increasing the kinetic energy, making good use of the deep and broad advantages of big countries’ economies and building a strong and resilient national economic circulation system, we will certainly be able to achieve greater breakthroughs and take a higher step.

　　Looking at the overall situation from the beginning, we have more active spiritual strength and we are full of confidence.

　　Vast fields, season after season. "The facilities are upgrading, the scale is expanding, and the average income per mu exceeds 20,000 yuan. The way is right, and the more dry it is, the more it will be." Ye Minglan, head of the Four Seasons Spring Agricultural Park in Xianfeng Village, Dantu District, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, said. The villagers in Pioneer Village can’t forget that in December 2014, in Pioneer Village Agricultural Park, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader told them that "modern and efficient agriculture is a good way for farmers to get rich".

　　The blades fly and generate electricity with all their strength. At 12: 01 on June 25, 100 billion kWh! "After three years of production, the transmission of green electricity to Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has exceeded 100 billion kWh. Next, we will manage it carefully and operate it lean, and take good care of ‘ A great country is a heavy weapon ’ 。” Wang Jintao, director of Wudongde Power Plant of China Three Gorges Group, expressed emotion. All the staff of the power plant will never forget that in June 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made an important instruction to "strive to make wudongde hydropower station into a high-quality project".

　　China today is ambitious. "If everyone does one thing and does a good job, the cause of the party and the country can move forward."

　　"It is a matter of one or two generations to achieve the goal of the second century. We are at the right time, live up to it, and make contributions to our generation."

　　Firmly grasp the top priority of development, firmly grasp the top priority of high-quality development, firmly establish the concept of political achievements for the benefit of the people, get up the spirit of entrepreneurship, and form a good situation of paying close attention to implementation. On the new journey, we will promote high-quality development with new weather and new actions and achieve new results.

Huang Runqiu, Minister of Ecology and Environment, talks about the starting point of environmental protection in the 14 th Five-Year Plan

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, January 2nd Title: Promote the continuous improvement of ecological environment quality — — Huang Runqiu, Minister of Ecology and Environment, talks about the starting point of environmental protection in the 14 th Five-Year Plan

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Gao Jing

　　The curtain of the 14th Five-Year Plan has been opened. In the next five years, where is the focus of China’s ecological environmental protection work? Peak carbon dioxide emissions, how to promote carbon neutrality? Xinhua News Agency interviewed Huang Runqiu, Minister of Ecology and Environment.

　　"Blue sky and white clouds have become frequent visitors to the circle of friends to take photos"

　　Reporter: 2020 is the closing year of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan. What kind of report card has China’s ecological environmental protection handed over?

　　Huang Runqiu: Generally speaking, the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" is the five years that have achieved the greatest improvement in ecological environment quality and the best development of ecological environment protection. The people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security have been significantly enhanced, and the ecological environment goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way has been completed on schedule with high quality.

　　The nine binding indicators of ecological environmental protection and the phased objectives and tasks of pollution prevention and control determined in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" have been fully overfulfilled. The three major defense battles of blue sky, clear water and pure land have achieved remarkable results.

　　The improvement of air quality is obvious to all, and the blue sky and white clouds have become frequent visitors to the circle of friends. By the end of December 2020, the proportion of excellent days in cities at or above the prefecture level in China was 87%, which was 2.5 percentage points higher than the target of the 13th Five-Year Plan. This is not easy.

　　So far, there has been no heavily polluted weather in Beijing this autumn and winter, and it has ushered in excellent days for more than 40 days in a row, which is called "Beijing Blue". This is the first time since PM2.5 was recorded in Beijing, which fully reflects the effectiveness of the battle against pollution.

　　The proportion of black and odorous water bodies in cities at prefecture level and above in China has reached 98.2%, and the "smelly ditches" and "black ponds" in cities have basically disappeared; For the first time, the Yangtze River basin has achieved "zero clearing" of water bodies inferior to Grade V, and the main stream has achieved Grade II and above water quality for the first time.

　　Positive progress has been made in tackling climate change, and we have successfully completed our foreign commitment to reduce the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions by 45% by 2020 compared with 2005.

　　The preparation of the action plan for carbon emission peak has been started.

　　Reporter: The Central Economic Work Conference proposed to do a good job in peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality. What is the progress of the timetable and roadmap of China’s action plan for carbon emission peaking before 2030?

　　Huang Runqiu: The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core attaches great importance to the work of tackling climate change. At the general debate of the 75th United Nations General Assembly and the Climate Ambition Summit, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader solemnly announced a series of medium and long-term goals and visions of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality in China. The Central Economic Work Conference put forward clear requirements for peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality. This has clearly defined the goal, pointed out the direction and injected a strong impetus for China to cope with climate change and take the road of green and low-carbon development.

　　At present, we have started the preparation of the action plan for carbon emission peak before 2030, and will further accelerate the pace and continue to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of the whole society during the 14 th Five-Year Plan and the 15 th Five-Year Plan.

　　First of all, we will make clear the objectives, compact the responsibilities, strictly supervise, make clear the goals and implementation plans of local and industry peaks, and be positive and powerful, and encourage qualified places to take the lead in reaching the peak.

　　Secondly, more effective measures will be taken to control the consumption of fossil energy, vigorously develop non-fossil energy and accelerate the development of renewable energy; We will comprehensively promote green and low-carbon actions in key areas, vigorously develop low-carbon transportation, actively develop green buildings, promote green and low-carbon technological innovation, and promote green and low-carbon production and lifestyle.

　　In addition, we will further accelerate the construction of the national carbon emission trading market, gradually expand the coverage of industries, enrich the trading varieties and methods, and realize the stable and effective operation and healthy and sustainable development of the national carbon market.

　　Since 2011, we have carried out carbon emission trading pilot projects in seven places, covering nearly 3,000 key emission units in more than 20 industries, including electricity, steel and cement, which has accumulated valuable experience for the construction of the national carbon market.

　　In the near future, we will take the power generation industry as the first batch to carry out carbon emission quota allocation and start the first performance cycle of the national carbon market.

　　Innovating ideas to realize the synergistic effect of reducing pollution and carbon

　　Reporter: The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that we should continue to fight the tough battle of pollution prevention and control and realize the synergistic effect of pollution reduction and carbon reduction. What is the synergy between pollution reduction and carbon reduction?

　　Huang Runqiu: In improving environmental quality, carbon reduction and pollution reduction can have a good synergistic effect. China’s energy structure is dominated by high-carbon fossil energy. Fossil energy combustion is not only the main source of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, but also the main source of atmospheric pollutants, such as particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. It can be said that the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and air pollutants have the characteristics of the same root, homology and process. Adjusting the energy structure and industrial structure can not only reduce carbon emissions, but also reduce pollutant emissions from the root causes.

　　We have accumulated a lot of work experience in jointly promoting pollution reduction and carbon reduction. According to the evaluation of relevant institutions, from 2013 to 2017, by reducing the excess capacity of steel, cement and other industries, the emission of atmospheric pollutants was greatly reduced, and at the same time, the carbon dioxide emission was reduced by about 737 million tons.

　　In the next step, we will further innovate our thinking and play, and make overall plans to push forward the fight against pollution and the action of peaking carbon dioxide emissions.

　　In the top-level design, while planning to fight the tough battle of pollution prevention and control, we should work hard to formulate the action plan of carbon emission peak before 2030, highlight carbon reduction as the "bull nose" of source governance, and make overall plans for a number of key tasks and major projects to promote the green and low-carbon transformation and development of economy, energy and industry.

　　At the same time, it is necessary to focus on key areas and industries and strengthen source governance, system governance and overall governance. Accelerate the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure and strictly control the construction of projects with high energy consumption and high emissions. To build a clean and low-carbon energy system, we should take developing non-fossil energy and reducing fossil energy consumption as the fundamental solution. Strengthen the optimization and adjustment of transportation structure, and promote rail transit, water transit and multimodal transport. Select typical areas and cities to carry out the "double achievement" pilot demonstration of environmental quality reaching the standard and carbon emission reaching the peak.

　　In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the overall planning of work, unify the formulation of policy planning standards, unified monitoring and evaluation, unified supervision and law enforcement, and unified supervision and accountability, so as to provide support for achieving the synergistic effect of pollution reduction and carbon reduction.

　　Exploring new ideas to fight the tough battle of pollution prevention and control in depth

　　Reporter: The "Proposal" of the "14 th Five-Year Plan" puts forward that it is necessary to fight a tough battle against pollution in depth. In the next five years, how will the battle against pollution be "in-depth"?

　　Huang Runqiu: During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, a good answer sheet was delivered in the battle against pollution. However, we must clearly realize that China’s ecological environment protection still has a long way to go, and the turning point of ecological environment quality from quantitative change to qualitative change has not yet arrived.

　　In the next step, we will pay close attention to the research and put forward the top-level design to fight the tough battle of pollution prevention and control, continuously improve the quality of the ecological environment, and continuously enhance the people’s sense of ecological environment acquisition, happiness and security.

　　I believe that "going deep" has two meanings: first, the contradictions and problems touched are deeper and wider, and the requirements for improving the ecological environment are higher. The tough battle should be extended in depth and breadth; Second, we must persist in the same direction and strength, and innovate and explore new ideas and measures to fight hard.

　　First, we must further strengthen source governance, system governance and overall governance. We must persist in promoting the adjustment of industrial structure, energy structure, transportation structure and agricultural structure with high-level protection of ecological environment, and pay more attention to source prevention and source management. It is necessary to proceed from the integrity of the ecosystem and the systematicness of the river basin, trace the source and systematically treat it, strengthen collaborative linkage, strengthen the collaborative management of various ecological elements such as landscapes, forests, fields, lakes and grasses, and enhance the relevance and coupling of various initiatives.

　　Second, we must pay more attention to precise pollution control, scientific pollution control and pollution control according to law. Scientific pollution control should effectively improve the pertinence and effectiveness of governance measures. To accurately control pollution, we must achieve "five precisions" in terms of problems, time, location, objects and measures. To control pollution according to law, we must adhere to administration, governance and protection according to law.

　　Third, we should push forward the tough battle of pollution prevention and control to achieve new breakthroughs in key areas and key indicators. The general idea is to "lift gas, reduce carbon, strengthen ecology, increase water, consolidate soil and prevent risks".

　　"gas lifting" is based on the coordinated control of PM2.5 and ozone, further reducing the concentration of PM2.5 and ozone and improving air quality.

　　To "reduce carbon", it is necessary to formulate an action plan for peaking carbon dioxide emissions and support qualified places to take the lead in peaking.

　　To "strengthen ecology", it is necessary to coordinate the restoration and management of the landscape, forest, field, lake and grass system, strengthen ecological supervision, and resolutely hold the natural ecological security boundary.

　　"Increasing water" means coordinating water resources, water ecology and water environment management, continuing to increase good water, increasing ecological water and enhancing water ecology.

　　"Soil consolidation" is to continuously implement the soil pollution prevention and control action plan with the focus on the safe use of soil, strengthening the supervision, utilization and disposal of hazardous waste.

　　"Risk prevention" should focus on nuclear and radiation safety, "one waste, one library, one product" (hazardous waste, tailings pond, chemicals) and other fields to effectively prevent and resolve ecological and environmental risks.

　　In addition, it is necessary to promote the modernization of the ecological environment governance system and governance capacity, form a "big environmental protection" pattern, and realize the historic transformation from "I want environmental protection" to "I want environmental protection".

How can the new energy automobile industry be stable and far-reaching

　　A few days ago, with a pure electric car driving off the production line, the cumulative production of new energy vehicles in China exceeded 20 million. Experts believe that this marks that China’s new energy vehicles have entered a new stage of high-quality development of scale and globalization on the basis of industrialization and marketization.

　　What opportunities and challenges will China’s new energy automobile industry face at present and in the future? How to promote the stability of new energy automobile industry?

　　In the first half of the year, production and sales increased by 42.4% and 44.1% respectively.

　　New energy vehicles are the main direction of global automobile industry transformation and upgrading and green development, and also the strategic choice for high-quality development of China’s automobile industry. According to the latest data from China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, in the first half of this year, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China were 3.788 million and 3.747 million respectively, up by 42.4% and 44.1% respectively. The sales volume of new energy vehicles reached 28.3% of the total sales volume of new vehicles.

　　Xin Guobin, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has taken the lead in establishing a national strategy for developing new energy vehicles, and then formulated industrial development plans for 2020 and 2035. the State Council approved the establishment of a top-level design and promotion mechanism for industrial development, and various departments have successively launched more than 70 policy initiatives to support the development of new energy vehicles. Various localities have introduced supporting policies in light of their own actual conditions, and industrial enterprises have accelerated their innovation and jointly promoted the development of China’s new energy vehicle industry to achieve historic achievements.

　　"Through unremitting efforts, China has established a new energy vehicle industry system with complete structure and organic synergy, cultivated the world’s largest consumer market, and formed a good development situation in which new energy vehicles and related industries are symbiotic and win-win." Xin Guobin said.

　　Fu Bingfeng, executive vice president and secretary general of China Automobile Industry Association, said that in September 2020, China’s new energy vehicle production exceeded 5 million, and in February 2022 it exceeded 10 million, and it took only one year and five months to achieve the second 10 million.

　　At the same time, the brand competitiveness of new energy vehicles in China has been greatly improved. According to statistics, in 2022, the domestic market sales of self-owned brand new energy passenger cars accounted for 79.9%, up 5.4 percentage points year-on-year. In the first half of this year, 534,000 new energy vehicles were exported, a year-on-year increase of 1.6 times.

　　Ou Yangming Gao, member of the Standing Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, academician of China Academy of Sciences and professor of Tsinghua University, said that after nearly ten years of rapid development, China’s new energy vehicle and power battery industry has led the world, with the output and quantity ranking first in the world, and achieved large-scale export, which has become a highlight of China’s economy.

　　Gradually establish a competitive advantage in the technical field of "Three Electricity"

　　Technological innovation is the core competitiveness of industrial development.

　　In recent years, the core technology of new energy vehicles in China has continued to break through. For example, the energy density of mass-produced power batteries reaches 300 WHr/kg, which is at the international leading level, and new group technology and high-nickel cobalt-free batteries have achieved breakthrough applications; The peak power density of the driving motor exceeds 4.8 kW/kg, and the maximum speed reaches 16,000 rpm. The average power consumption per 100 kilometers of pure electric passenger cars dropped to 12.35 kWh.

　　"China has been in ‘ Sandian ’ (Battery, motor, electronic control) technology has gradually established a competitive advantage. " Fu Bingfeng said that in recent days, the intensive introduction of policies to stimulate consumption potential and strengthen industrial supporting capacity building will further stabilize market expectations and promote high-quality industrial development.

　　Of course, we should also see that there are still some problems in China’s new energy automobile industry, such as insufficient supply of key core technologies and the need to improve support and guarantee capabilities.

　　"It is the key to industrial transformation and upgrading to establish a multi-field collaborative model of automotive chips, application software and operating systems." Li Shaohua, deputy secretary-general of China Automobile Industry Association, believes that host manufacturers, software companies and research institutes should jointly build and share common technology platforms to enhance the stability and competitiveness of the supply chain.

　　Xin Guobin pointed out that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will support China enterprises to carry out technical cooperation with foreign enterprises in the fields of new system batteries and autonomous driving, so as to enhance brand vitality through technological innovation. Guide enterprises to establish the concept of product life cycle service, strengthen the construction of digital and network capabilities, and enhance brand affinity with quality services.

　　In addition, experts believe that at present, China’s new energy automobile industry still relies on imports of raw materials such as lithium, nickel and cobalt. In the process of rapid development, we should also be alert to risks such as overcapacity and structural contradictions. We should focus on the long-term, fill in the shortcomings, maintain a benign industrial order, and make industrial development stable and far-reaching.

　　Further build a high-quality charging infrastructure system

　　"This year’s Dragon Boat Festival holiday, our family traveled by car and charged in the expressway service area halfway. Because there are many cars and few piles, the waiting time in line is long, and the charging power is low and it takes a long time, which greatly affects the travel experience." Wang Yongtao, a new energy owner who lives in Daxing District, said.

　　Nowadays, with the increasing demand for long-distance travel of new energy vehicles, the expressway service area has become an important scene for charging new energy vehicles.

　　Wang Zhongying, director of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that by the end of May this year, there were 4,289 expressway service areas with charging conditions in China, accounting for about 65% of the total service areas. However, according to statistics, the number of expressway charging infrastructure is about 18,000, accounting for only 0.8% of China’s public charging infrastructure. Compared with the development demand, the problems of insufficient total charging infrastructure, low density and insufficient coverage are still outstanding.

　　In addition to "difficulty in charging roads", "difficulty in finding piles" and "difficulty in entering residential areas" are also strong problems reflected by users of new energy vehicles.

　　Wang Yao, Secretary-General of China Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Promotion Alliance, said that private charging piles could not be built as needed in old residential areas due to the shortage of parking spaces and insufficient power capacity, and some residential areas still did not cooperate with the property to provide proof materials, which made it impossible for users to install private charging piles. In addition, the problems such as the difficulty in finding the location of public charging piles, the high failure rate of charging piles and the occupation of charging parking spaces are particularly prominent.

　　In the long run, the development of new energy automobile industry is inseparable from high-quality charging infrastructure system. "By the end of 2022, the cumulative domestic car-pile ratio in China was 2.5: 1." Ou Yangming Gao said that it is expected that the number of new energy vehicles in China will continue to grow rapidly, and the development of charging infrastructure must be accelerated.

　　Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued "Guiding Opinions on Further Building High-quality Charging Infrastructure System", which clearly put forward five tasks: optimizing and perfecting network layout, accelerating the construction of key areas, improving operational service level, strengthening the guidance of scientific and technological innovation, and increasing support and guarantee.

　　In this regard, Ou Hong, deputy secretary-general of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration will work with relevant parties to strengthen departmental coordination and strengthen guidance and supervision to ensure that all measures are effective as soon as possible.

　　(Reporter Liu Kun)

Happy life in the farmer’s market

　　Editor’s Note: The farmers’ market is the "vegetable basket" of thousands of households, which is the responsibility of the people’s livelihood, the government and the necessity of public services. The Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government attach great importance to the transformation and upgrading of farmers’ markets as an important unit to promote the high-quality development of our city and build a model city of common prosperity. This year, the city once again incorporated the transformation and upgrading of the farmer’s market into the annual livelihood practical project, and intensified efforts to build a farmer’s market that is more people-friendly, convenient, beneficial and beneficial to the people. This issue of "Politics for the People" focuses on the transformation and upgrading of the farmers’ market and pays attention to the happy life in the "vegetable basket", so please pay attention.

　　Life is in the "vegetable basket". The quality of the "food basket" is directly related to the quality of citizens’ life and the taste of the city.

　　Since last year, Jiaxing has started a new round of transformation and upgrading of farmers’ markets. This year, the transformation and upgrading of farmers’ markets will once again be included in the municipal government’s livelihood projects, and 74 urban and rural farmers’ markets will be transformed and upgraded to achieve full coverage of the city.

　　After the transformation and upgrading of the farmers’ market, how is the public’s "vegetable basket"? What kind of happy new experience is it to visit the farmer’s market? In the past few days, reporters have conducted in-depth interviews.

　　The characteristic vegetable market is full of fireworks.

　　In September, the favorite bite of Jiaxing people-Nanhuling went on the market. After Portunus, hairy crabs also climbed the table of Jiaxing people. People who are busy pasting autumn fat are also used to adding some beef and mutton to the vegetable basket. These foods are undoubtedly on the C position of the food market booth.

　　Just as there are popular dishes in every season, there are some good "conspicuous bags" in every market. Their prominence lies in the long queues of customers, the comfort of closing the stalls early, and even the posture of opening the cash box to count banknotes.

　　There are three "conspicuous bags" at the Happy Li Farmers’ Market in Yangliuwan, the urban area. The "Dongdong Beef and Mutton" booth is one of them.

　　Xiao Yumei, the stall owner, said, "I can sell a cow in one day on weekends." In addition to retail, she also supplies wholesale for several other food markets. "We have slaughterhouses, which can guarantee that the beef and mutton are fresh and cheap every day, so old customers will come to buy them." Xiao Yumei said confidently, for example, on the day of the interview, the beef tenderloin of the stall was sold at 50 yuan per catty in 46 yuan, and other food markets had to sell it.

　　With the pursuit of old customers, Xiao Yumei’s business is handy. At 11 o’clock in the morning, she has already collected the stalls and counted out the hundred-dollar bills from the box where the money was collected. "There are more than 7,000 pieces here, and there should be more than 10,000 pieces paid by scanning the code."

　　Xiao Yumei has been engaged in beef and mutton business for more than 30 years, and has been in Yangliuwan farmers’ market for nearly 17 years. Four years ago, the transformation of Yangliuwan Xingfuli Farmers’ Market was completed. She was optimistic about the business here, invested money when bidding, and got the top position near the Xiaojing rest area at the front end of the East Gate Corridor.

　　"In the first two years of transformation, many people knew about the farmers’ market in Yangliuwan Happiness, and they all came here to punch in, which brought me a wave of business. I am right in Yangliuwan, and I am prosperous here. " Xiao Yumei is quite satisfied.

　　Another "conspicuous bag" of the farmers’ market in Happiness in Yangliuwan is "Old Wang Bai Chicken". The stall owner, Lao Wang, can cook more than 20 white-cut chickens a day. One white-cut chicken is about 5 kg, and it sells for one kg in 32 yuan. It was sold out before 10 am on the day of the interview. "If it is a holiday, it will be sold out at 8 o’clock in the morning." Lao Wang is a little proud.

　　Because it sells cooked food, the operating rooms of "Old Wang Bai Chicken" are all separated by glass, and the air conditioner inside shows 25 degrees Celsius, so "three defenses" and "three whites" are in place. "I’ve been making boiled chicken for 14 years, and it tastes authentic in Jiaxing." Lao Wang said, "After the market is transformed, everything is comfortable, and doing business here is always accented."

　　After the completion of the transformation, aquatic products have become the characteristics of the farmers’ market in Yangliuwan Happiness. The most conspicuous position in the market is the aquatic product booth at the east gate. At eleven o’clock in the morning, there were only four "disabled soldiers" left in a big red basin. In addition to setting up a stall here, the stall owner also supplies other food markets, and it is also fresh and cheap. When she was about to interview, she shook her hand at the reporter: "Wait for me, I’ll go to the bathroom first, and I haven’t stopped all morning."

　　Waiting for her gap, the reporter went to see the passenger flow registration system in the farmer’s market. The system showed that by 11 am, the passenger flow in the farmer’s market had exceeded 5,000. Wang Huiliang, head of the farmer’s market, said: "It is normal to have more than 5,000 people on weekends, and we usually have more than 4,000 people."

　　The market is rejuvenating and people’s livelihood is seeing feelings.

　　Every farmer’s market has one kind or another "conspicuous bag". For example, the pork stalls and vegetable self-produced and self-sold stalls in xincheng town Farmers’ Market in Xiuzhou District have driven the annual operating income of the market to exceed 100 million yuan; The seafood stalls at the New Farmers’ Market in the Economic Development Zone of Jiaxing are hot for holiday king crabs, and the fish platter makes people shine. An egg stall in the neighborhood center of Xingfuli, Lingtang Road, sells more than 20 varieties of eggs …

　　These online celebrity products and online celebrity stalls with management ideas, quality awareness and persistence in sustainable management can continuously attract customers and brand the farmers’ market with fresh, cheap and distinctive dishes.

　　During the transformation and upgrading of this round of farmers’ market, market operators invariably choose to support these excellent booths and enlarge the booth area so that they can display them. Yangliuwan Xingfuli Farmers’ Market has been reduced from more than 300 booths before the transformation to 89 booths at present, and it has been fully rented. Changxin farmers’ market also takes the route of "big stalls", which makes the whole market more stretched and transparent.

　　The original intention of the transformation and upgrading of the farmers’ market is to make people feel more at ease and comfortable in buying food. In the final analysis, it is necessary to implement the daily operation and benign service of business households and make people fall in love with buying food. After the transformation is completed, the market business will be better than before, and the transformation will be successful, and the hot and exquisite fireworks will be there.

　　This exquisite fireworks gas comes from the high standard, high starting point and high level of this round of farmer’s market transformation and upgrading. Different from the previous minor repairs, this round of farmer’s market transformation and upgrading has greatly improved the overall software and hardware facilities in accordance with the requirements of star-rated farmer’s market by means of reloading and reappearing.

　　Jiang Xiongwei, director of the Market Management Department of Jiaxing Municipal Market Supervision Bureau, told the reporter that just taking the renovation and upgrading of 29 farmers’ markets at the city level this year as an example, the total capital investment of all parties has exceeded 600 million yuan. "Market operators also have a strong willingness to transform, and they are conceptually aware of the sense of crisis that they will be eliminated if they do not change."

　　After this round of transformation and upgrading, the face of the farmer’s market has changed, which is obvious to all and well-known. "The food market is like a supermarket" has become a unified impression and unanimous evaluation of Jiaxing citizens on the farmers’ market around them.

　　Up to now, the average progress of the renovation and upgrading project of farmers’ markets in the city is 73.5%, including 52 in-situ renovation, 16 relocation and reconstruction, and 6 transformation and production conversion. A new batch of farmers’ markets in Happiness will be reloaded soon.

　　Buying food+full of happiness in life

　　Blowing air conditioners and selling vegetables, Xia Mingrong, a farmer’s market operator in Yangliuwan Happiness, said: "The electricity bill is a small sum of money, and it is well spent. When the environment is good, guests are willing to buy food and they are comfortable. "

　　After the renovation and upgrading of this round of farmers’ market is completed, people will find that the familiar market not only has a beautiful environment and complete facilities, but also has many "small fortunes" that are eye-catching and happy.

　　For example, it is particularly convenient to drive to Changxin Farmers Market to buy food. The market has been upgraded to the standard of five-star farmers’ market, including not only ground parking lots, but also underground parking lots, and the underground parking lots have elevators directly to the market.

　　In addition to excellent seafood and aquatic products, this market also has many kinds of pork, including high-end brand pork and cheap pork. There is even a flower booth introduced here, which allows you to buy food, meat, fruit and flowers at one time, which is of high quality.

　　The reporter noted that paying attention to the renovation and improvement of barrier-free facilities is a warm point in the renovation and upgrading of this round of farmers’ markets and has become a window of urban civilization.

　　In addition, small animals are also concerned. A number of farmers’ markets visited by the reporter have posted "no pets allowed" tips. On the day of the interview, the reporter met a couple at the Happy Li Farmers’ Market in Yangliuwan, and tied the dog to the post outside the security room of the market, so that the security brother could help him take care of it.

　　When market stalls are operated through electronic display screens, electronic price tags and code scanning payment become "standard", and some markets begin to think about how to do customer interaction well.

　　For example, on the entrance screen of Xiuxin Farmers’ Market in Xiuzhou District, in addition to scrolling the pesticide residue detection results of various vegetables, the information of special dishes of the day is also published on the screen, which is convenient for customers to follow the map.

　　Insert wisdom wings to make it easier to buy food. In terms of the construction of smart farmers’ markets, Haining is at the forefront of the city.

　　In February last year, Haining proposed to vigorously promote qualified and qualified farmers’ markets to implement "changing agriculture into supermarkets", explore the construction of a new urban farmers’ market with "new retail and smart farmers’ markets", realize the functions of "smart farmers+experiential canteen area+brand convenience store +App online convenient shopping", accelerate the application of smart management system in farmers’ markets, and build a management platform for background software (transaction database) of farmers’ markets. The digital system of "vegetable basket" has basically been established.

　　In the increasingly trendy farmers’ market, minor repairs and small supplements have made the public feel the "ancient warmth". Mending, repairing shoes, repairing umbrellas, matching keys, sharpening knives, sticking films on mobile phones, and cleaning range hoods … these convenience services that ordinary people need are still reserved in the farmers’ market. A special area for small repairs was set up on the second floor of Changxin Farmers’ Market. The area of Xingfuli Farmers’ Market in Lingtang Road is not large, but it still retains a booth for making and changing clothes, and a convenient booth for matching keys in a conspicuous position.

　　"Minor repairs are needed by the people; Needle thread brain is also a business. " Jiang Xiongwei said, "We advocate that the farmer’s market should keep small repairs and make up booths, which is also the meaning of improving the’ quarter-hour convenience service circle’."

　　The "small fortunate" of the farmer’s market is also reflected in the integration of community services and cultural facilities into the farmer’s market and the completion of the "food market+"article, which has become a warm color for the transformation and upgrading of the farmer’s market this round. It is nothing new to walk the baby upstairs in the market, to participate in community cultural and sports activities in the market and even to have tea, walk and chat in the garden upstairs in the market.

　　When the farmer’s market is becoming more and more fashionable, diversified and capable, the action of buying food is used to connect the convenience life circle in series, which reflects the "happy life" in the farmer’s market and also embodies the governance wisdom of "politics for the people".

Hacker examples explain the analysis method of Trojan horse!

There was a domestic model before, and it had a nice name called "Guangwai Girl". This is the work of "Guangwai Girls" network group of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. It can run on WIN98, WIN98SE, WINME, WINNT, WIN2000 or Win95/97 with Winsock2.0 installed. Compared with the past, it has the characteristics of smaller volume and more ingenious hiding. It can be expected that in the future, it will become another popular Trojan after the "Ice River".

Address quoted in this article: https://www.eepw.com.cn/article/201706/357346.htm.

Because the method of "Guangwai Girl" is typical, I will explain the research method of general Trojan through the detailed analysis process of this new Trojan. The following test environment is the Chinese version of Windows2000.

I. Tools needed

1.RegSnap v2.80 is the best tool for monitoring changes in the registry and system files.

2.fport v1.33 tools for viewing ports opened by programs.

3.FileInfo v2.45a tool for viewing file types.

4.ProcDump v1.6.2 Shelling tool

5.IDA v4.0.4 disassembly tool

Second, the analysis steps

All the tools are ready, and we begin to analyze this Trojan horse. Once the general Trojan horse runs, it will do some tricks on the registry and system files, so we should make a backup of the registry and system files before analysis.

First open RegSnap, select new from the file menu, and then click OK. In this way, we make a record of the current registry and system files, and if the Trojan horse modifies one of them later, we can analyze it. Save it as Regsnp1.rgs after the backup is completed.

Then we will run the "Guangwai Girl" terminal on our computer. Don’t be afraid, because we have made a detailed backup, and we can change the hands and feet it made as it is. Double-click gdufs.exe, and then wait a moment. If you are running Skynet or Kingsoft Internet Security, you should find that these two programs quit automatically. Is it strange? And listen to our analysis later. Now the Trojan horse is already in our system. Let’s take a look at what it has done to us. Re-open RegSnap, select new from the file menu, and then click OK to save the snap result as Regsnp2.rgs.

Select Compare from the file menu of RegSnap, open Regsnp1.rgs in the First snapshot, open Regsnp2.rgs in the Second snapshot, and select show modified key names and key values in the radio box below. Then press the OK button, so RegSnap will start to compare the two records, and what’s the difference? When the comparison is completed, it will automatically open the analysis result file Regsnp1-Regsnp2.htm.

Look at Regsnp1-Regsnp2.htm and pay attention to it:


It means that in the two records, the registry key was not deleted, 15 registries were modified and one registry was added. Look at the back:

The meaning of this passage is that a new file, diagcfg.exe, has been added under the directory C:WINNTSystem32. This file is very suspicious, because we only ran the Trojan named "Guangwai Girl" between two system information comparisons, so we have reason to believe that diagcfg.exe is the backdoor program that the Trojan left in the system. If you don’t believe me, open the task manager and have a look, and you will find that there is a process of DIAGCFG.EXE, which is the original body of the Trojan horse. But don’t delete DIAGCFG.EXE at this time, otherwise the system will not work normally.

Trojans usually set some key values in the registry so that they can run automatically every time the system restarts. Let’s take a look at which registry keys have changed in Regsnp1-Regsnp2.htm. With experience, we should pay attention to the following:

This key value was changed from the original %1 %* to C:WINNTSystem32DIAGCFG.EXE %1 %*, which is the most suspicious because it contains the Trojan horse DIAGCFG.EXE. So what does this registry key do?

It is the format of running executable file, which was changed to C:WINNTSystem32DIAGCFG.EXE %1. % * After that, run the program C:WINNTSystem32DIAGCFG.EXE every time you run any executable file.

It turns out that this Trojan horse has been tampered with here, so that it can run automatically. Its startup method is not the same as that of ordinary Trojans, which are in

Add a key value to the key, so that you can start yourself, but this method is well known by anti-virus software, so it is easy to be killed. The trojan horse of "Guangwai Girl" is more cunning, and it sets the startup item in another position.

Now that we have mastered the location of this Trojan horse and the startup items in the registry, it is also important to find out which port it is listening to. This can be easily achieved by using fport. Run fport.exe on the command line, and you can see:

We can clearly see that the Trojan horse program is listening on TCP port 6267. So far, we can say that we have mastered all the actions of the trojan horse "Guangwai Girl" in our system, and now we can easily kill it.

Third, killing

After the previous analysis, we have understood the working mode of the trojan horse "Guangwai Girls", and now we will clear it. The following is the method to completely remove the "girl students from Guangzhou". Note: the order of this step cannot be reversed, otherwise the Trojan horse may not be completely removed.

1. Press the Start menu, select Run, enter regedit, and press OK. Open the following key values:

But don’t modify it yet, because if you modify the registry at this time, the DIAGCFG.EXE process will still change it back immediately.

2. Open Task Manager, find the process of DIAGCFG.EXE, select it, and press "End Process" to close this process. Be careful, don’t close the process before opening the Registry Manager, otherwise DIAGCFG.EXE will be started when regedit.exe is executed.

Step 3 put

The key value of is changed from the original C:WINNTSystem32DIAGCFG.EXE %1 %* to %1 %*.

4. At this time, you can delete the DIAGCFG.EXE in the directory C:WINNTSystem32. Remember never to delete this file first, otherwise you will not be able to run any executable files in the system. Since we intend to further analyze this Trojan horse, we will not delete it now, but copy it to other directories for research.

Fourth, in-depth study

We already know the basic working principle, start-up process and how to get rid of it completely, but there is still one thing that we have not completely understood, that is, how it deals with Skynet or Kingsoft Internet Security. To understand this deeply, we must look at the code of "Guangwai Girl". This Trojan has not published the source code, but we can still take a look at it by disassembling it.

The end of "Guangwai Girl" is only 96K, which is obviously encrusted with compression software. We must first determine what shell it has added. It can be detected by using the small tool FileInfo. Now we will copy the DIAGCFG.EXE analyzed in front to the directory of FileInfo, then fi.exe at the command line, and then press Enter, and it will display:

FileInfo has detected that DIAGCFG.EXE has used ASPack v1.06b to shell. Knowing its encryption method, we can use ProcDump to shell it.

Run ProcDump, click the Unpack button, because we want to take off the shell of ASPack v1.06b, so we select Aspack108 in it, and then press OK. At this time, it will let you open the file to be shelled, so we will choose DIAGCFG.EXE and open it. Then wait a few seconds and press "OK". ProcDump will shell DIAGCFG.EXE, and then a dialog box will appear asking you to save the shelled file, and we will save it as gwns.exe.

Note: At this time, the Trojan horse runs on your system again, so it must be cleaned up again according to the previous cleaning steps. Since the cleaning method has been written before, I won’t repeat it here.

Well, now we have got the original file of this Trojan horse before it was shelled. Look at the shelled gwns.exe, which is as big as 194k, which is more than twice as big as the original program. This is the credit of the shelling software. Now you can use the disassembler to disassemble it, and then look at its assembler code.

Let’s use IDA to disassemble it. By the way, this IDA is a super disassembly tool, which is a necessary tool for cracker and Windows hacker. Let’s take a look at some of the disassembled code:

Trojan first loads kernel32.dll, and then uses GetProcAddress to get the address of the API RegisterServiceProcess. Trojan first needs to register itself as a system service, so it is not easy to be found by the task manager when running under Win9x. Then it will GetCommandLineA to get the running parameters, and if the parameters are executable files, it will call Winexec to run.

Then the Trojan will find the process of snfw.exe and kav9x.exe, that is, the process of Skynet or Kingsoft Internet Security, and then kill it.

Trojan will also modify the startup items of "Skynet Firewall" or "Kingsoft Internet Security" in the registry, so that it will not run automatically when the system is restarted next time.

The following is to modify the registry startup item of Trojan horse, namely


Item, so that it can start itself every time the system restarts. Next, the Trojan will initialize Winsock dll, bind the port, and wait for the connection of the Trojan client.

V. Summary

Up to now, we have completed the whole analysis process of the Trojan horse program "Guangwai Girl" and learned about the startup and operation mechanism of the Trojan horse. Of course, the purpose of writing this article is not simply to introduce the Trojan horse of "Guangwai Girl", but to introduce the analysis method of the general Trojan horse through the detailed analysis of this typical Trojan horse. Using the analysis method in this paper, you can completely analyze any unknown Trojan horse variety. Finally, let’s summarize the methods and steps of Trojan horse analysis:

First, the system registry and system files are backed up, then the Trojan server is run, and then the registry and system files that have been run by the Trojan are recorded, and the results of the two records are compared by using registry analysis tools, so that we can know what the Trojan has done in the system. Use fport to view trojan listening port. Then, using the obtained information, the method of removing Trojan horses is made.

If you want to analyze the Trojan deeply, you should also shell and disassemble the Trojan server. In this way, you can fully grasp any action of the Trojan horse. Of course, this requires you to have a good grasp of assembly language and a certain degree of patience, because the lengthy assembly code is not completely readable by ordinary novices.

If you want to further analyze the Trojan message format, use sniffer to monitor the Trojan port, and then make a comparative analysis. This analysis method is more complicated, so this article will not give an example.

Just reading the article is not enough. If you want to fully analyze a Trojan horse, you need to practice it! Good luck!

From the controversy to the hot ＂prepared food＂ is coming.

　　The whole process of buying vegetables, washing vegetables, cutting vegetables and frying vegetables takes as little as tens of minutes and as many as several hours — — This is a traditional cooking process.

　　Tear open the package and put it directly into the pot. It only takes a few minutes at the shortest, and seemingly complicated dishes can be served — — This is a cooking process with "artifact" blessing.

　　When the fast-paced life meets the exquisite needs of life, it runs out of the "prefabricated dishes". Do it quickly and eat well. Is it reliable?

　　"Little White" became "Kitchen God" overnight?

　　The Spring Festival in 2021 is special for Kobayashi. In response to the call of celebrating the New Year on the spot, she joined a few friends for dinner. "It is said that one person has two specialties, and the result is a bunch of takeaways."

　　But this "takeaway" is not another "takeaway". It is not a steaming finished product that can be eaten upon receipt, but a semi-finished product that still needs to be processed. Some were temporarily called from the takeaway APP before departure, and some were hoarded in major live broadcast rooms a long time ago.

　　Take lotus leaf chicken, the "final dish" prepared by Kobayashi, as an example, you only need to thaw the materials in advance, poke a few holes in the lotus leaf when cooking, and put it in a pot for 40 minutes, which is a hard dish that is quite handy.

　　"First of all, it is convenient. Fresh materials and condiments are very troublesome from purchase to treatment; Secondly, it takes a long time to prepare the meat dishes yourself, and the efficiency of semi-finished products is much higher; Finally, the taste of prefabricated dishes is relatively stable. My friends and I rarely fire at ordinary times, and we are not at ease with our own craftsmanship. " Kobayashi said that he and his friends are very satisfied with this "semi-buffet" New Year’s Eve dinner.

　　Many young people like Kobayashi have made prefabricated dishes a new favorite on the New Year’s Eve dinner table. Among the top ten New Year’s goods data released by Tmall, the sales of prefabricated vegetables increased by 16 times compared with last year. According to JD.COM Big Data, since January 20th, the turnover of semi-finished dishes with small packages for 1-2 people has increased by 3.5 times year-on-year.

　　The main consumer groups of pre-cooked dishes are young consumers born in 1980s and 1990s. Box Ma Xiansheng’s data shows that the proportion of consumers buying semi-finished dishes after 1995 is twice as high as that after 1965. Let many young people with poor cooking skills step into the ranks of "chefs" in one fell swoop, and the prepared dishes have also been named as "Aauto Quicker dishes" and "lazy dishes".

　　On April 27th, Weizhixiang, which focuses on the R&D, production and sales of pre-cooked dishes, was successfully listed as the "first stock of pre-cooked dishes". Haidilao’s "Dinner" series products have been launched in major official channels; Boxma Xiansheng upgraded Boxma Workshop to 3R (Ready to Cook, Ready to Heat, Ready to Eat) business department; Every day, Youxian launched the "Famous Cuisine Famous Shop" channel, and the signature dishes of famous shops such as Xibei and Meizhou Dongpo entered strongly; In the category of "Aauto Quicker Cuisine", the crayfish commodity "Boxing Shrimp" went online for one and a half months, achieving sales exceeding 100 million … …

　　Pre-cooked dishes, which can only be used as the reason why the elders don’t let you eat out in family group chat, have been completely "put on the table"

　　Behind the scenes to the stage, the controversy is hot.

　　"The epidemic has brought opportunities to the industry," Mr. Sun, who is engaged in the prefabricated vegetable industry, told Zhongxin.com that his business increased by nearly 300% year-on-year during the epidemic. Braised pork, sweet and sour pork chops, lion’s head and other dishes that require a lot of time and cost, and stews such as chicken soup, sparerib soup and Buddha jumping wall are the best to sell.

　　Nowadays, the prepared dishes, which have the potential to blossom everywhere, are actually not a new thing. To put it bluntly, it is the "advanced version" of quick-frozen processed products.

　　The so-called prefabricated dishes and semi-finished dishes refer to dishes that have been washed, cut, matched or even prepared in the factory, and then stored in frozen or vacuum packaging. After consumers buy them, they only need to heat them or simply cook them through the combination of materials in the prefabricated dishes.

　　"In a broad sense, pre-cooked dishes are very hot compared with previous years ‘ Cooking bag ’ Is exactly the same. Judging from the market situation, it is currently more used in restaurants and hotels and less used in families. " Mr. Sun said.

　　For example, Mr. Sun said, "For example, when we go to a wedding banquet, so many tables and so many identical dishes are all cooked like the kitchen? That’s definitely not possible. It will take a long time to serve and the experience will be uneven. This kind of occasion basically depends on the prepared prefabricated dishes. "

　　According to the research report of Guohai Securities, the ratio of B-end to C-end in China prefabricated vegetable market is about 8: 2, and restaurants and other businesses still account for the bulk of the consumption of prefabricated vegetables. Another scene where prefabricated dishes are widely used is take-away.

　　Put the "chef in crisis"? Actually, that is not the case.

　　According to Song Xiangqing, a well-known economist and vice president of China Business Economics Association, the emergence of terms and products such as "lazy economy" and "prepared food" means the progress of human beings and the development of society to a certain extent.

　　"Like prefabricated dishes, it is a market behavior that people pursue high-quality life by using new technologies and new materials and inventing new products and services. In the final analysis, human intelligence and hard work have improved people’s living space and way, reflecting social progress." Song Xiangqing said so.

　　Then, will the appearance of prefabricated dishes really "lead to the catering revolution" or "put the chef group in crisis" as rumored? Insiders told reporters that this is not the case.

　　"To make industrial dishes, the first step is for the chef to develop them before mass production." People in the industry told reporters that, not to mention that the current prepared dishes are only in the initial stage, and the taste needs to be further strengthened. From the psychological acceptance of consumers, the traditional catering mode can not be replaced by industrialized prepared dishes now.

　　What’s the difference between today’s prepared dishes?

　　Many people’s criticisms of prefabricated dishes focus on the lack of guarantee of their freshness.

　　The reporter searched for fast food commercial cooking packages on the e-commerce platform, most of which were frozen and preserved, and the shelf life could reach 365 days. It takes a year for the cooked food to "see the light of day". Does it taste like a "zombie dish"?

　　"At present, the fresh-keeping methods of the prefabricated vegetable industry are scientific packaging and rapid freezing technology (MINUS 18 C), and transportation will also require cold chain logistics throughout. Without the use of preservatives and additives, low temperature is the main way to maximize the preservation of food nutrition and inhibit microbial reproduction. " In this regard, Mr. Sun introduced.

　　"Now the food industry and restaurant supply chain development to what extent? A live fish is frozen and still alive after thawing. " In Mr. Sun’s view, preservation under the current technology is inseparable from low temperature, but low-temperature technology is also constantly developing.

　　For example, in the current market, for the transportation of fresh beef omasum, some merchants use 0-5℃ refrigeration instead of freezing to ensure its crisp taste. This requires suppliers to apply liquid nitrogen refrigeration technology more accurately and upgrade their packaging.

　　In addition, "insecurity" and "lack of nutrition" often make people distrust prepared dishes.

　　Liu Xiaoling, a doctoral supervisor of Guangxi University and an expert of Guangxi Food Safety Expert Committee, once pointed out that from the perspective of nutrition, the nutritional components of food are related to the source of raw materials and processing methods, and the changing laws of different foods and different nutrients are not consistent, so it cannot be simply said that fried food is more nutritious.

　　"The traditional way of buying food, cooking and processing food has the problems of high cost and difficult risk control." At the same time, Liu Xiaoling believes that it is a way and trend for producers to adopt the access mode of food production license and market supervision to make meals in the central kitchen and distribute them centrally, which is to realize the standardization of restaurants or canteens, improve product safety and improve efficiency.

　　"In fact, not only prefabricated dishes, but also categories related to the food industry will have food safety hazards." Regarding the safety of food, Mr. Sun also said that authentic prepared dishes are definitely healthier than most takeaways, but they can’t guarantee the safety of the whole industry by themselves. "As practitioners, my colleagues and I still have to do business with our conscience, and the industry can go further."

　　Great potential, it is expected that in 2023.

　　The market size may exceed 500 billion yuan

　　What is the potential of prefabricated dishes? According to the consulting data of Ai Media, the scale of the prefabricated vegetable industry in China is estimated to be 345.9 billion yuan in 2021, up by 18.1% year-on-year. It is estimated that the prefabricated vegetable market in China will maintain a rapid growth rate of about 20% in the future, and the scale of the prefabricated vegetable market may reach 516.5 billion yuan by 2023.

　　What kind of consumers like to buy prepared dishes? The data shows that among the consumers of prefabricated vegetables, 45.7% are located in first-tier cities, 19.8% in second-tier cities and 16.4% in third-tier cities.

　　Among them, consumers aged 22-40 accounted for 81.3%, among which consumers aged 31-40 accounted for 46.4%.

　　According to the data of Tianyancha, the number of registered enterprises engaged in the business related to pre-cooked vegetables was 1,796 in 2011, exceeded 4,000 for the first time in 2015, and exceeded 8,000 for the first time in 2018. In 2020, the number of registered enterprises reached the highest level in ten years, with a total of 12,500 new registrations, a year-on-year increase of 9%.

　　At present, the registered capital of pre-cooked food-related enterprises is mainly concentrated within 1 million. Among them, Shandong Province has the largest number of prefabricated vegetable enterprises, with 9,246, followed by Henan, Jiangsu, Guangdong and Anhui.

　　Ai Media Consulting analysts believe that 80% of consumers have formed the habit of buying prefabricated dishes every week, and consumers’ demand for prefabricated dishes will increase, and the market will further expand.

　　The development of prefabricated vegetables also faces these challenges.

　　Prefabricated vegetable market has entered a period of rapid development, with high market demand and challenges.

　　According to Ai Media Consulting, there are three main challenges in the prefabricated vegetable industry: First, market coverage. China has a large cross-border area between north and south, with many cuisines and complex types. The prefabricated vegetable enterprises have obvious regional labels, so it is difficult for enterprises to cover the national market. The second is the preservation of dishes. Precast dishes need to keep the freshness of dishes, which requires extremely high cold chain transportation. The sales scope can only radiate the area around the central kitchen set up by the enterprise, which limits the further development of the prefabricated vegetable enterprise; The third is taste recovery. The taste of Chinese food is closely related to the cooking process. The factory produces all the conditioning packages of the products and then gives them to customers for processing. Once it comes to cooking, the taste can only be controlled by personal cooking.

　　"In the future, if prefabricated vegetable enterprises want to develop, they must combine standardization, safety and personalization by improving the safety production capacity of central kitchens and a complete cold chain logistics system, so as to usher in a broader market." Industry analysts told reporters this way.

　　Will a small step in preparing dishes be a big step to promote young people to "bid farewell to take-out and walk into the kitchen"?

　　Comprehensive reports from China News Service and Dahe Daily