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The latest progress of 10 key dramas ｜ The General Administration held a promotion meeting for key TV dramas.

editorial comment/note

Ideal Shines on China on May 4th, Glory and Dream is scheduled to be broadcast in the second half of May, A Hundred Hearts of Steel is expected to be released in mid-June, and Meritorious is scheduled to be released in the National Day … At present, the key TV drama projects of the centenary of the founding of the Party continue to advance and enter the final sprint moment.

On April 24th, the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television held a promotion meeting for key TV drama projects in Changsha, Hunan Province, to study and promote the creation, production and broadcasting of key TV drama projects with major themes in the century since the founding of the Party. At the meeting, the creative representatives of 10 key plays, such as Ideal Shines on China, A Hundred Hearts Makes a Steel, Meritorious Work, Glory and Dreams, Ebola Frontline, Spiritual Strength, Our New Era, Big Waves, Red Boat and Armageddon, introduced the creative characteristics and latest progress of the project.

The following is the promotion of 10 key TV drama projects.

Ideal Shines on China

Speaker: Dongyu Fu, the general director of Ideal Shines on China.

Latest progress:"Ideal Shines on China" started on January 31st, and has been finished and entered post-production. It started broadcasting on May 4th, running from May to July.

Here, I want to introduce the project with three key words:

The first group of keywords are project characteristics: short play innovation and youth expression. Ideal Shines on China is positioned as a series of short plays with 40 episodes, with 40 groups of characters and 40 flash stories in different periods, recording the moving journey of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s unremitting struggle since its birth one hundred years ago. Bold innovation in style and form, but in the process of "seeking novelty and change", we always have "two persistences": on the one hand, we insist on ideal theme, realistic creation and true texture; On the other hand, it insists on short play mode, youth expression and young communication.

The second group of keywords is content production: realistic creation, emphasizing truth. 40 groups of characters, all with prototype characters. Except for four characters who can only create virtual names because of authorization, all the others are interpreted in the feature film in the form of real names. In the unit "Our Position", in order to study the authenticity of "rifle hitting the plane", we verified all the way from the Revolutionary Military Museum in China to the relevant departments in the United States, with 19 pages of script and 100 pages of research report.

The third group of keywords is the creative team: first-line creative and intensive cultivation. Although our creative cycle is tight, it only takes more than two months from the start to the end, but we have been intensive: the script has been revised more than six times on average, and all the leading actors have participated in the script reading meeting.

A hundred tempering makes steel

Speaker: He Jin, producer and chief producer of "A Hundred Steels into Steel"

Latest progress:On December 30th, 2020, "Hundred Melts into Steel" was opened for steelmaking in Hengdian, and it was finished in Hengyang, Hunan recently. It is planned to be put into steel in mid-June, 2021.

Directed by director Mao Weining and written by young screenwriters such as Wang Chenggang and Li Xiuwen, The Hundred Years’ Party History is a panoramic expression. The whole drama adopts a song-group-style structure, with eight organically connected story sections, and interprets the century-old course in a way of great freehand brushwork and great leap.

Strengthen youth through music and performance. In terms of artistic style, songs are used to express youth, and classic songs with the brand of the times in different historical periods are used to reconstruct a brand-new road map for the audience to learn the history of the party in the past 100 years. In the choice of actors, a group of young actors with both form and spirit and a young audience were discovered, which endowed the play with youthful temperament and diverse performances.

To create such a theme is to spread the history of the party, export the spirit and influence the audience, especially the young audience. In the process of shooting, the founders completed a inheritance: we were moved by the youth of the pioneers, and then moved by the youth of the present. I hope this drama can be spread more widely and touch more contemporary youth.

Meritorious deeds

Speaker: Tina Cheng, publisher of Meritorious Work.

Latest progress:Merit was finished at the end of last year and is currently in post-production. It is planned to complete all post-production in June-July 2021 and broadcast in the first round in September-October.

Merit is a major realistic TV series organized and promoted by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television. It is jointly produced by 13 producers including Shanghai Radio and Television, Chunyu Film and Television, and Huaer Film and Television. This drama will tell the stories of eight model winners of the Republic’s meritorious service in the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China through the artistic technique of "national narration and expression of the times". This drama is created in the form of unit drama, with 6 stories in each unit and 8 stories in each unit, all of which focus on the most colorful highlights in the lives of meritorious people. Zheng Xiaolong is the general director of the play, which has assembled a domestic first-line creative team. Eight actors who play meritorious figures are also excellent actors who have both physical and mental qualities with the meritorious person.

"A promising nation cannot live without heroes, and a promising country cannot live without pioneers." This is the main theme that runs through the creation of Meritorious Work. I hope that when Meritorious Work is broadcast this year, it will inspire more young people to serve the country with their talents and pass on this great spirit.

Glory and dream

Speaker: Liu Yan, chief producer of Glory and Dreams.

Latest progress:Glory and Dream is directed by Liu Jiang and written by Ningyu Zhao. At present, it is in a tense post-production stage and is scheduled to be broadcast in late May 2021.

Glory and Dream is a film and television work that presents a panoramic and continuous historical span of 35 years from the victory of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea from 1919 to 1954. The drama was performed by more than 50 representative artists including Tang Guoqiang, Liu Jin, Hou Jingjian, Huang Xiaoming and WU GANG. The founder hopes to let the contemporary youth know the party’s initial intention and mission, carry forward the red tradition, inherit the red gene, continue the spiritual blood of communist party people, and enhance the communication and influence of major revolutionary historical TV dramas among young people.　

From production to publicity, we strive to make Glory and Dream a visual teaching material for the study and education of Party history.

Ebola frontline

Speaker: Mao Yi, chief producer of Ebola Frontline

Latest progress:The creation of "Ebola Frontline" has lasted for more than three years, with several trips to Wan Li, and it is about to be finished. It is planned to be broadcast in the fourth quarter of this year.　

"Ebola Frontline" is based on the event prototype that China medical team went to Africa to fight Ebola virus and launched international medical cooperation in 2014, so as to broaden the international vision and express the common feelings of human beings.

The team overcame all kinds of difficulties in the creative process and adopted various methods to ensure the true texture of the works. In terms of photography, the first-line film photography and lighting teams are activated to strive to present a film-level picture texture; In terms of art setting, more than 200 scenes involved in the play are all restored according to the local scenes in West Africa. The structure of the house, the paving method of grass, the pattern of cloth and the design prototype in the "Sangyi Village" in the play are also from Africa. On this basis, we try our best to grasp the balance between the realistic truth "is Africa" and the artistic truth "like Africa"; In terms of professional and detailed research, the crew set up a guiding team composed of experts in medical, diplomatic and military fields. In addition, the cast of "Ebola Frontline" is also very special. The whole play uses more than 300 foreign leading actors and special actors, about 100 resident foreign group actors and nearly 5,000 foreign group performances.

The power of spirit

Speaker: Shen Yun, the chief producer of The Power of Spirit.

Latest progress:The special program "The Power of Spirit" of the film and television compilation on the theme of Party history was launched in Zunyi on April 7. The pre-filming has been basically completed, and the post-production is being stepped up.

The Power of Spirit consists of 28 episodes, each of which is 45 minutes, and is structured according to the length of two episodes of each spirit. The program takes the Communist Party of China (CPC) people’s "spiritual pedigree" as the clue, takes classic film and television works as the main material, compiles and processes them, and combines the forms of field search, actor narration, scene interpretation, interview interpretation, etc., in the long river of the century-old party history, to pursue the red memory and realize the red spirit.

In order to ensure the smooth creation of "The Power of Spirit", Zhejiang Radio and Television Group established the working principle of "specialized class operation and group army combat", set up a special project class with Zhejiang Satellite TV as the main body of creation, and assembled 14 directors’ teams to fully promote the creation of this major theme.

In the process of creation, the program focuses on the following three aspects: opening classic images from a new perspective and telling red stories well; Pursuing the red memory with new expressions and realizing the great spirit; Attract young audiences with the new relay spirit fire.

"Classic image, red scene, fusion expression, young voice", I hope that "Power of Spirit" will bring a refreshing feeling to the audience by recreating the classic film and television, so that the red gene of the party can resonate with the audience at the same frequency and take root in the heart.

Our new era

Speaker: The chief producer of Our New Era is rigorous.

Latest progress:Our New Era is divided into 6 units, each with 8 episodes. At present, all six units have been filmed, and intensive post-production is under way. It is planned to be completed and broadcast in June 2021.

The six units of Our New Era are: Because there is a home, the prescription of happiness, the elite of blasting, soaring, beautiful you and emergency rescue. The idea of drama creation is "two focuses": one is to focus on young party member at the grassroots level, and the other is to focus on Generation Z.

The drama series has the following characteristics: first, based on real people and events, the artistic creation of virtual reality is carried out; Second, all the live scenes were filmed, and the whole drama was filmed in six provinces (regions) including Beijing, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Hainan and Guangxi. Third, the theme is unique and novel. The domestic large aircraft manufacturing in Tengfei, the civil rescue team in Emergency Rescue and the border explosives in Explosive Elites are all put on the screen for the first time. Fourth, the style is youthful and younger. The protagonists of the story are all around 20-35 years old, including rural doctors, industrial and technical workers, community service volunteers, explosive ordnance disposal soldiers, civil rescue workers and university student village officials.

Big waves wash sand

Speaker: Jana Shah, director of "Big Waves Wash Sand"

Latest progress:The post-production of the TV series "Big Waves and Sand Scouring" has been completed, and the final revision and improvement are being made according to experts’ opinions. It is expected to be delivered at the end of April.　

"Big Waves Wash the Sand" runs through the whole film with the clues of contemporary young people learning the history of the party, tells important historical content in a narrative way that young people are familiar with, and accurately locates the characters and events in the play and fixes the history. In the play, the group portraits of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s founders and early revolutionary activists are created, and the narrative is started with the fate of the characters as the context. In terms of artistic expression, the drama tries to jump out of the path of writing history by events, based on taking history by people, and rooted the characters in the magnificent history of the party, paying special attention to excavating the inner world of the characters, which embodies the feelings of teachers and students, war friendship, husband and wife and friends of communist party people in detail.

Through the retrospective structure of Chen Qihang’s learning video on the history of the Party, the drama gathers and associates scattered events, presents the history of the Party in a political style and records with the help of the unique historical and contemporary double space-time structure, and interweaves, echoes and contrasts many characters fate line, thus realizing the free jump between stories of different characters in the same time period.

Red boat

Speaker: Wang Xiaoyu, producer of The Red Boat.

Latest progress:After 93 days of intense shooting, The Red Boat was released in Changsha, Hunan Province on March 27th, and it is expected to be broadcast on CCTV in mid-May.　

The Red Boat was deployed by Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, produced by the Central Radio and Television General Station, produced by the TV drama and documentary center of the General Station, and produced by China TV Drama Production Center Co., Ltd., which showed the initial intention and mission of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people, with Comrade Mao Zedong as the main representative, and also showed the thinking and enterprising of a group of proletarian revolutionary pioneers such as Li Dazhao who worked hard and pursued their ideals under arduous circumstances.

As for the main lineup of The Red Boat, both screenwriter Huang Yazhou and director Yeming Song have deep experience in the creation of major film and television dramas. In the choice of actors, there are young actors such as Wang Renjun, jeremy, Xi Wang, Liu Mengke, etc., as well as drama-level actors such as WangZhifei, Dong Yong, Liu Zhibing, Yang Lixin and Ma Shaohua. "Red Boat" was shot in 4K, and the Dit workstation was established to ensure the image quality and artistic effect. 48 historical scenes were truly restored, and 10 historical scenes were selected for original shooting, including the former residence of Yang Kaihui and the former site of Huangpu Military Academy. Shooting more than 1000 scenes and making 420 conceptual design drawings; More than 280 main characters, more than 20,000 group performances, more than 8,600 sets of costumes and more than 55,000 props.

At present, the departments of sound, music, color matching, video and special effects in the later period are continuing to fight for perfection, high quality and high standard to complete the production task.

army rage

Speaker: Wu Yuqing, production director of Armageddon.

Latest progress:Armageddon was officially launched on November 17, 2020, and finished on March 16, 2021 after four months. Now it is in intensive post-production. The first round of issuance has been carried out, and the second round of issuance has begun to be docked.

Armageddon shows the three battles of Liaoshen, Huaihai and Pingjin in a panoramic way in the form of TV series, reflecting the great course of the Communist Party of China (CPC) leading the people of China to win the final victory of the new-democratic revolution from three levels of strategy, tactics and fighting, and expounding the theme of why the Communist Party of China (CPC) can.

The drama brought together the directors Gao Xixi, screenwriter Huang Jiandong, photography director Yu Xuejun, modeling director Yang Shudong, dubbing director Liao Jing and composer Zhang Zheng, etc. There were 350 main actors, more than 800 special actors and more than 60,000 extras.

In terms of creation, Armageddon is created with a serious and cautious attitude, striving to achieve the creative goals of showing war images from multiple angles with realistic creative spirit, shaping the personalized expression of leaders from the perspective of popularization, and strengthening the sense of substitution with the growth of small people. In terms of shooting and production, the thousand-person film crew traveled to Huairou, Beijing, Zhangjiakou, Hebei and Hengdian, Zhejiang to shoot, with more than 700 main scenes.

Editor | Xu Lei Pang Yichun

The high-energy poster of ＂The Mystery Case＂ and ＂Meng Chong Secret Service Team＂ was released.

1905 movie network news Adapted from the world classic Grimm’s Fairy Tales, an animated film co-directed by Wolfgang Lauenstein and Christoph Lauenstein, the award-winning directors of the 62nd Academy Awards, will be released nationwide on November 15th. On November 11th, the official released the poster of "Perfect Cooperation" with four leading actors, and the expressions of the agents on the screen seemed to reveal the vagaries of the road to adventure.

Don’t miss the adventure of pet days agents.

This poster of "Perfect Cooperation", which was officially exposed on November 11th, highlights the cute theme of the film and the adventurous nature of the agents through the funny "detective moments" of four fledgling agents. The most anticipated pet adventure animation in November is "Meng Chong Secret Service".

The poster of "Perfect Cooperation" shows the "seamless" cooperation among the four agents. With the help of his big body, Grey Donkey bends down and is willing to become the foundation of "Optimus Prime". The watchdog tried its best to lift the other two partners up; The cock sat on the head of the watchdog in a very funny posture, with a puzzled face; The cat, on the other hand, stepped on the rooster, unfolded the mysterious drawings, and lost in thought. Can the falling photos and the map of the poster background help Meng Chong agents solve the case smoothly? This answer will be found in the cinema on November 15!

Invincible contrast, cute pet, funny and high energy in the world

A pampered but adventurous cat, a graceful and indecisive rooster, a watchdog who hates human beings but yearns for freedom, and a gray donkey with a cheerful personality and dreams. Four different and harmonious characters formed a "detective" team, and also produced a wonderful chemical reaction!

The "secret life" of pets is well shown in the film. The cute pets who look "very clever" at ordinary times all have distinct personalities, and their common aspiration is to become heroes. The cute and exaggerated performance shows the extremely adventurous spirit of pets, and at the same time, it resonates with everyone and is impressed by the insightful and wonderful imagination of the creative team.

It is understood that Wolfgang Lauenstein and Christoph Lauenstein, directors of this film, are twin brothers. Over the years, the two brothers have created many excellent animations with their unique style of painting and solid and interesting plots, and directed Balance, which won the best animated short film award at the 62nd Oscar.

Jews have lived in China for thousands of years. Why are they rarely seen now？

The original global intelligence agent Global intelligence agent is included in the topic # Everything related to Judaism 7# China with a little knowledge of you 10

Jews in China.

Author | Pei Lin

Editor | ｜Thomas

The Jewish nation originated in Canaan (present-day Palestine). In the first century A.D., due to the uprising against the Roman Empire, it was driven out of its hometown and scattered in all directions. From then on, until the founding of Israel in 1948, they drifted for almost two thousand years.

▲ In 70 AD, the resistance to Roman rule failed, and the Jews were driven out of their homes and scattered in all directions.

The vast majority of Jews are scattered in Eastern Europe, the Middle East and the Mediterranean, and some Jews continue to migrate to China in the farther east. Although the Silk Road is long, it has already spread China’s influence to every corner of the world. According to modern archaeological discoveries, as early as the Zhou Dynasty, Jews had arrived in China to engage in trade.

At the beginning of the 11th century, Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, formed the first Jewish community, and gradually achieved the same social status as the Han people. From modern times to World War II, the number of Jews in China reached tens of thousands, reaching a historical peak.

After World War II, the vast majority of Jews left China, so that a brand-new minority was not formed, and only a few Jewish descendants were integrated into the Chinese nation. What happened in the meantime?

▲ Schematic diagram of the distribution of Jews in the world after the Great Diaspora

I the rise and fall of the Jewish community in Kaifeng

According to archaeological experts, as early as the Zhou Dynasty and the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were Jews doing business in the Central Plains. It has been confirmed by archaeological excavations that a large number of Jews arrived in China in the Tang Dynasty.

At the beginning of the 20th century, British and French explorers discovered Hebrew letters and prayers in Xinjiang, and the writing time was determined around 718 AD, that is, the early reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Experts believe that these Jews came to China to do business through the overland Silk Road.

▲ The British explorer Stein discovered the earliest Hebrew letter, and he is also one of the biggest cultural relics thieves in China.

The northern song dynasty failed to regain control of the western regions, and the silk road on land was no longer safe and prosperous, and the silk road on the sea rose accordingly. In October 998, a group of Jews arrived in China by Arab merchant ships, then passed through Quanzhou and Yangzhou, and arrived in Kaifeng, the capital at that time.

Modern research shows that these Jews should belong to the Jewish community in the Persian region. Their preserved Jewish scriptures are consistent with Persian Jews, and their DNA is closer to Middle Eastern Jews. This view occupies a dominant position in the current academic circles.

The Song Dynasty was a relatively open and tolerant dynasty. Arabs, Persians, Europeans and other foreigners were not discriminated against, and their business was unimpeded. They could also become officials in the DPRK, and Jews were no exception.

▲ Jews from the Middle East arrived in Kaifeng through the Maritime Silk Road.

Because of good management, Jews began to buy real estate, formed their own community in a street in Kaifeng and Heshun District, and their lives were quite rich. Kaifeng people call Jews "people who give happiness", which is the transliteration of "Israel" by Song people.

Kaifeng people like exotic goods brought by Jews, but they are also curious about their religious rituals and customs, but they are not offended at all, which makes Jews feel safe and satisfied. In order to gain the official recognition of the Song Dynasty, Jews learned from other foreigners and made an audience with Song Zhenzong through the Ministry of Rites, hoping to live in Kaifeng forever.

In 1008, Song Zhenzong issued a letter, saying, "It’s midsummer for me, and I will abide by the ancestral style and leave the capital of song dynasty", allowing them to take the imperial examination and keep their own customs. In 1127, Song Huizong ordered that one hundred and twenty pieces of silver be appropriated to help them build a synagogue.

▲ In the Qingming Riverside Map, Kaifeng was the largest city in the world at that time, accommodating all foreign nationalities.

Unfortunately, before this hall was built, Jurchen from the north had already arrived in Enemy at the Gates, breached Kaifeng, and captured Emperor Huiqin, and the Northern Song Dynasty ended, which was known as the "Jingkang Change".

The Jewish community in Kaifeng has just emerged, with a population of just over 500, and it has to face a brand-new "Jin" dynasty. Jews chose to stay in Kaifeng and continue to run their own business. In fact, due to the lack of talents in financial management in the "Jin" and "Yuan" Hu dynasties, the status of Jews has been improved.

Jin Dynasty Emperor Wan Yanliang intended to follow the example of the Northern Song Dynasty in issuing paper money "Jiaozi", but all the coin-making officials in the Song Dynasty fled south, and Wan Yanliang was unavailable. Therefore, some ministers proposed that Jews should finish this work.

▲ Jin Dynasty’s "Jiaozi" and its impression. The Jews designed the first edition of "Jiaozi" for the Jin Dynasty in the style of the Northern Song Dynasty.

Jews learned from the mature experience of paper money in the Northern Song Dynasty, coupled with their own business talent, and designed the Jin version of "Jiaozi" in just a few days. In addition, they also suggested that the Jin Dynasty set up a special paper money management institution "Pedestrian", which can be regarded as the embryonic form of the bank and has some functions of the central bank.

In 1163, in order to reward the contribution of the Jews, the Jin Dynasty allocated funds to build the first synagogue in the Hutong of Kaifeng. After the destruction of gold in the Yuan Dynasty, Jews continued to serve the Yuan Dynasty, which was also recognized by the Yuan Dynasty. In 1279, the hall was rebuilt, with an area of more than 10,000 square meters.

The real peak of the Jewish community in Kaifeng was in the Ming Dynasty, which grew to more than 500 households with more than 5,000 people. They not only gave themselves the Chinese surname, but also became officials through the imperial examination, and began to accept Confucianism, naturalized Chinese civilization, and their social status was completely equal to that of Han people.

▲ At the end of the 20th century, overseas Jews visited the Jewish old site in Kaifeng.

In other parts of the world, Jews insist on using their own Hebrew language and writing, but this situation has changed in China. During the hundreds of years from Song Dynasty to Ming Dynasty, Kaifeng Jews gradually learned Chinese in their long-term common life with Chinese. What’s more, Chinese never discriminates against them, which makes them have no reason to refuse to learn Chinese.

The problem of intermarriage with Chinese also experienced the process from prohibition to relaxation. After the Song Dynasty, there were wars in China, and there were few foreign Jews. In order to maintain the reproduction and survival of the Jewish community, they began to intermarry with Chinese. According to statistics in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Kaifeng Jews married at least 40 non-Jewish women.

In language, marriage, culture, employment and so on, Kaifeng Jews are more and more like Chinese. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Zhao Jincheng, the leader of Kaifeng Jews, did not know Hebrew. They still kept their ancestors’ scriptures and genealogy, but no one gathered for church again and the synagogue was in ruins.

▲ Jewish memorial hall and Jewish genealogy in Kaifeng city.

In 1854, the Yellow River flooded, the Kaifeng synagogue was razed to the ground, religious ceremonies stopped completely, the whole Jewish community disintegrated completely, and some remaining cultural relics were snapped up by foreign missionaries. The former site of the synagogue was later sold and turned into the present Kaifeng Chinese Medicine Hospital.

At this point, the Jewish community in Kaifeng was founded in 998 AD, dissipated in the early 20th century, went through a whole thousand years, and finally completely integrated into the Chinese nation. At present, there are about 200 descendants of Jews in Kaifeng. Some people are still trying to get back the memories of their ancestors, but they all think they are Chinese, just to find their roots.

▲ The last relic of Kaifeng Jewish synagogue is an ancient well in Kaifeng Chinese Medicine Hospital.

Second, Jewish businessmen doing business in China in modern times

After being forced to leave Canaan, Jews scattered in all directions. By the middle ages, it had been divided into three main groups: Eastern Jews distributed in the Arab region; Sefadi Jews are distributed in the Mediterranean region; Ashkenaz Jews are distributed in continental Europe. Since modern times, the global colonization activities of Europeans have made the activity areas of three parts of Jews overlap.

Many Sefadi Jews have joined Britain, France and other nationalities. They followed the footsteps of European colonists and established business networks around the world. As soon as China was opened to the world by the Opium War, Sefadi Jews beat us to it and made investments and business in China. Sassoon was the representative among them.

▲ Sassoon Building, located at the Nanjing intersection of the Bund, is now part of the Peace Hotel.

David sassoon, the founder of Sassoon Foreign Firm, is a British Jew and one of the British businessmen who export opium to China the most. After 1840, Sassoon opened foreign firms in Hong Kong, Guangzhou and Shanghai, especially in Shanghai, which was a great success, dealing in opium, cotton yarn, arms and so on, with branches all over the country.

The flourishing development of the Sefadi Jewish business group in Shanghai led to the establishment of the Jewish community in Shanghai, including Jewish cemeteries, synagogues and schools. In 1910, the Shanghai Jewish Association was formally established, and then a larger synagogue was built and Jewish newspapers were founded, which played a role in rallying Shanghai Jews.

▲ The former site of Shanghai Jewish General Association, founded in 1911, is located at No.722 Nanjing West Road.

The Shanghai Jewish community, dominated by Sefadi Jews, is relatively small in number, but has strong economic strength. Their main purpose is charity relief, and they also set up the Shanghai Jewish Saint Society, which specializes in this work. The agency opened a hospital in 1934 to help Jews living in Shanghai.

Almost at the same time that Sefadi Jews established the Shanghai community, another group of Jews also established their own community in China. They are Jews from Russia and belong to Ashkenaz Jews on the European continent. Unlike the wealthy Sefadi Jews, these Russian Jews came to China to take refuge.

Third, Russian Jews who took refuge in China in modern times

At the end of 19th century, Ashkenaz Jews were mainly distributed in Germany, Poland, Russia and other countries, among which the living environment of Russian Jews was worse. The czar government not only forced them to convert to the Orthodox Church, but also imposed heavy taxes and military service. The constant wave of anti-Semitism in Russia also frightened Jews.

Just in order to develop the Far East and encourage Europeans to emigrate, the czar government adopted a more relaxed ethnic policy in the Far East. As a result, Jews poured into the Far East, and the Soviet Union even established a Jewish autonomous prefecture on the Sino-Russian border. Some Jews also entered Harbin, a city in China occupied by Russia, and the Shanghai Concession.

▲ Harbin Jewish Church, which has been changed to Jewish History and Culture Museum.

Before the October Revolution in Russia, more than 6,000 Jews lived in Harbin and operated hundreds of industrial and commercial enterprises. After the "October Revolution", a large number of wealthy old Russian aristocrats fled Russia for fear of the red regime, and many of them came to Harbin and Shanghai.

The number of Russian Jews in Harbin has soared to more than 20,000, and the number of Russian Jews in Shanghai has also exceeded 4,000. There are also some Russian Jews who moved from Harbin to Tianjin Concession, reaching 3500 at most.

▲ Tianjin synagogue, located at the intersection of Nanjing Road and Zhengzhou Road in Heping District.

Russian Jews in Shanghai did not completely join the Sefadi Jewish community from the beginning, and kept their independence. After their number was greatly increased, they set up their own independent organization in 1932.

Compared with the charity function of Sefadi Jewish community, Russian Jews pay more attention to the propaganda and activities of Zionism. Zionism is the idea of returning to Palestine and establishing a Jewish homeland. Russian Jews all over China have established Zionist organizations to unite Jews.

Russian Jews are the majority of modern Jews who have lived in China for a long time. They came to China because of persecution and were full of enthusiasm for Zionism.

Fourth, Jewish refugees who took refuge in China during World War II

In 1933, the German Nazis came to power, showing an obvious anti-Semitic tendency. Some German Jews began to leave their motherland and went to relatives and friends all over the world. By the summer of 1937, about 1,500 Jews had arrived in Shanghai by normal sea.

▲ Nazi Germany set off a climax of anti-Semitism, and Jews fled Germany and German-controlled areas.

In August 1937, Germany set off a large-scale wave of anti-Semitism, and the number of Jews coming to China increased sharply. In two years, at least 20,000 Jews arrived in Shanghai. When the world closed its doors to Jews, Shanghai opened its doors to these Jewish refugees for two reasons:

The first is that Shanghai was in a delicate period at that time. After the Battle of Songhu in 1937, most of Shanghai was occupied by the Japanese, and the China government lost its jurisdiction over Shanghai. As a result, Shanghai has become a "free port" and can enter without any proof or guarantee.

▲ Jews fled Nazi Germany.

The second reason is the act of He Fengshan, Consul General of China in Austria. Seeing that the Nazi persecution of Jews is getting worse, He Fengshan, Britain and the United States and other countries refused to accept more Jewish refugees, issued Chinese visas to a large number of Austrian Jews to help them leave this country that was about to be annexed by the Nazis.

▲ China diplomat He Fengshan, who saved a large number of Jews from escaping from the tiger’s mouth, and a sculpture commemorating him.

Due to the large number of Jewish refugees and poor economic conditions, most of them can only live in Hongkou District in the north of the public concession. Under the pressure of the Nazis, the Japanese occupation authorities set up an isolation zone in 1943, limiting Jewish refugees to live only in Hongkou and Yangshupu areas.

Despite the hard years of Japanese occupation, Shanghai residents still tried their best to help Jewish refugees. They vacated their houses for Jewish refugees to live in and treat Jewish refugees injured in the war.

▲ Memorial Hall for Jewish Refugees in Hongkou District, Shanghai, the main settlement of Jewish refugees in that year.

At first, Jewish refugees joined the early Russian Jewish community. With the increase in the number of refugees and the complexity of nationality, refugees have set up their own associations and become the main organizations to contact and help Jewish refugees.

Generally speaking, although the Jewish refugees who took refuge in Shanghai are hard, their life safety is still guaranteed. Many people do business in Shanghai and their lives are not so bad. So they spent the whole World War II.

V. The disappearance of Jewish communities in China.

On May 14th, 1948, the State of Israel was proclaimed, and the Jews finally had their own homeland. Three Jewish communities in modern China also welcomed their own homes.

▲ On May 14, 1948, Israel announced the founding of the country in the birthplace of Palestine (Canaan).

Sefadi Jewish businessmen, mainly British and American, became enemies of the Japanese authorities after the outbreak of the Pacific War. They were put into concentration camps and all their property was confiscated. After World War II, as the privileges of Shanghai Concession and foreign powers in China were taken back by China, Sefadi Jews lost their original advantages and gradually moved their property and business to Hong Kong, and their organization and influence basically disappeared.

After the Japanese occupation of the three northeastern provinces, the Russian Jewish community in Harbin began to flee or move southward in large numbers, leaving only 1,100 people in 1937. When the Soviet Red Army liberated the Northeast, the Jewish community was cancelled and all the Jews were scattered.

The Russian Jewish community in Shanghai began to disintegrate during the War of Liberation. Before the liberation of Shanghai, their number was less than 1000. In 1956, the last synagogue in Shanghai ceased to be used, which marked the complete demise of the Jewish community.

▲ Schematic diagram of the comparison between the State of Israel stipulated by the United Nations and Israel in the period of David in the 10th century BC.

The Jewish refugee community that took refuge in Shanghai in World War II began to disintegrate after the war. Refugees are returning home one after another, and many people have responded to the Zionist call and gathered in Palestine to prepare for the establishment of an Israeli state.

▲ The population growth trend of Israel since 1948.

At this point, the Jews in Chinese mainland basically dissipated, but the love between Jews and China did not end. Many Jews who have lived in China call themselves "Chinese Jews". Former Israeli Prime Minister Olmert is the second generation of "Chinese Jews", and his parents were born in Harbin.

▲ The establishment of the State of Israel has finally realized the Jewish dream of the motherland that lasted for two thousand years.

To this day, in Israel, the United States and other places, there are still active international friendship organizations commemorating the years of China and Shanghai. Many Jews who lived in China in those days came to China to seek their roots with their children, so that they could remember this precious time.

Long-time author | Pei Lin

A veteran lover of history

Editor in charge | ｜Thomas

Graduate of London School of Economics and Political Science | Editor-in-Chief of Global Intelligence

—(End of full text)—

Unauthorized reprinting is prohibited.

Original title: "Jews have lived in China for thousands of years, but why have they disappeared now? 》

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Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Transport and the General Office of the National Health and Wellness Commission on Printing and Distributing the Standard Guidance Catalogue for the Con

All provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and cities under separate state planning, transportation departments (bureaus and commissions) and health and health committees:

　　According to the Guiding Opinions of the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Finance, the National Health and Wellness Committee, the State Railway Bureau, the Civil Aviation Administration of China, the State Post Bureau, the Red Cross Society of China and China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. (No.45 [2021]), the Ministry of Transport, together with the National Health and Wellness Committee, combined with the characteristics and actual situation of the transportation industry, has formulated the Guiding Catalogue of Configuration Standards for Traffic Medical First Aid Kits (for Trial Implementation), which is hereby printed and distributed to you.

General Office of Ministry of Transport　　　　

General Office of National Health and Wellness Commission　　　　

December 22, 2021　　

Listen to Wu Xiaobo’s exclusive decryption of Penguin Empire at Dragonfly FM

　　At the beginning of May, Tencent’s market value broke through the $300 billion mark, becoming the first market value of BAT and the most profitable Internet company in China. In less than a year, Tencent’s market value has increased by more than 70 billion US dollars. It has become the world’s largest social empire alongside Facebook.

　　Tencent’s QQ, WeChat and other products have almost wiped out all users with social skills in China, and have also shown a strong and almost dominant force in the fields of games, communication and entertainment.

　　Many people ask why such an 18-year-old company, which started as an instant messenger, is so powerful. What enabled it to get out of the embattled situation a few years ago, quickly transform and grow into "another company"? What did it do right in strategy, management, employment and culture to create Tencent today?

　　Teacher Wu Xiaobo said "This enterprise is too complicated" when she talked about "How Tencent grew up" on Dragonfly FM. I investigated 100 middle and senior executives of Tencent before and after, and did some research outside. It took a total of six years before and after writing this book. Eighteen years ago, Tencent may have started from a mistake and embarked on a counterfeit road. It has been on the edge for a long time, and now it has gradually grown into a HK$ 2 trillion company, which is still in the process of continuous iteration. "

　　Although "How Tencent grew up" is only 140 pages, Wu Xiaobo spent five hours on Dragonfly FM telling about this legendary enterprise. This paper deeply analyzes Tencent’s legendary road from the following aspects: why is the complicated relationship between Tencent, China Internet and horse webmasters, who invested in Tencent, the profit dilemma of QQ, Tencent’s battle of ·MSN in 2004, the battle of games in 2008, the battle of 3Q in 2010, and the shift of focus: seven weapons from QQ to WeChat and Ma Huateng. Let every deep user of Tencent products gain insight into its growth logic and better understand the ins and outs of product presentation. Learn more about the overall situation and future trends of Internet in China.

　　Wu Xiaobo said, "Tencent has a lot of experience to learn from today. It can be said that these ideas and experiences have made Tencent today, and I call him the seven weapons of Ma Huateng".

　　First, product minimalism

　　Tencent pays great attention to details, and it is very light, small and simple. It is said that many employees of Tencent often receive emails from Ma Huateng at one or two o’clock in the evening, saying that the color of a product is wrong and there are half a byte in the byte. Ma Huateng insists on several points in product design: First, don’t force users. Second, don’t harass 99% users for 1% demand. Third, the faint art, point to stop. Fourth, don’t deliberately cater to the younger age.

　　Second, the user-driven strategy

　　In 2004, everyone talked about platform traffic, but Ma Huateng was talking about user experience. The concept that products are driven by product managers has only recently been recognized by everyone. In the past, they were all driven by traffic and mode. Xiaomi’s strategy is a typical product manager logic, which is driven by capital and product managers. Capital, culture and platform basic ability constitute the bottom of the team.

　　Tencent has a mechanism-the 10/100/1000 rule. The product manager should do 10 user surveys every month, pay attention to 100 user blogs and collect 1000 user experiences, which was a rule set 10 years ago. At the same time, Tencent also has a research institute specializing in user feedback.

　　Third, the internal horse racing mechanism

　　All the senior executives in Tencent are playing, and it is very sad to be in Tencent without meritorious military service. Always in constant adjustment, a powerful department becomes a business group, and the departments that can’t be reorganized. Believing in the management mode of the US military, the commando team similar to "operation mekong" engages in blasting, translation, wireless communication and snipers, and everyone has their own expertise to accomplish the common goal. All Tencent’s mobile games are first killed internally, and then tested internally, publicly and experimentally. If you do well, I will give you the traffic.

　　Fourth, the trial-and-error iterative strategy

　　"Small step iteration, trial and error running" is the eight-character formula for the survival of all Internet companies including Tencent. In the user-driven market environment, we should open ourselves up, don’t want to do it all at once, and be brave in trial and error. Trial and error is actually an ability. QQ was very imperfect in the early days, and it was iterated every two weeks, so was WeChat.

　　V. Ecological cultivation mode

　　In 2011, Tencent proposed opening up. After the opening of QQ and WeChat, the two words that Tencent said the most were purification and ecology. The reason why purification is emphasized is the re-imagination of this enterprise organization model, and what to do in the face of uncertainty. It is not another taxi company that subverts the taxi company, but Didi taxi. It’s not another Weibo that subverts Weibo, but WeChat.

　　All Tencent’s strategies are based on coping strategies in the face of uncertainty. At the end of 2013, Ma Huateng had two very important viewpoints: First, connecting everything. Second, internet plus.

　　VI. Capital integration ability

　　What is Tencent’s openness? One is traffic and the other is capital. Traffic is a resource, and resources can be turned into funds. Tencent is a listed company with a large amount of cash reserves. The first action of Tencent’s opening up was to do Q+, and then set up billions of industrial M&A funds for investment. Participate in the capital market in the form of investment.

　　Seven, focus on the initial heart of entrepreneurship

　　Since 1978, the first batch of entrepreneurs in China started their businesses for survival. Entrepreneurs like Lu Guanqiu are township entrepreneurs, with low educational level and powerful destructive power.

　　The second batch was in 1984, when China began to reform its urban system, such as Liu Chuanzhi, Wang Shi and Zhang Ruimin.

　　The third group was people in the system who were disappointed with the system after Deng Xiaoping’s talk in South China in 1992. The fourth batch is the wave of Internet entrepreneurs like Ma Yun and Ma Huateng, no longer for food and clothing, but for love. These people are very young. Ma Yun in 1964, Zhang Chaoyang in 1964, Li Yanhong in 1968, Ding Lei and Ma Huateng in 1971, Liu Qiangdong in 1974 and Wang Zhidong in 1966. They are now in their 40 s and 50 s, and they still maintain their initial intention of starting a business.

　　As the first paid program created by Dragonfly FM and Wu Xiaobo Channel, "How Tencent grew up" exceeded expectations in terms of both the number of listeners and the income. Become the first "explosion" in the paid boutique area. Since then, Jiang Xun, Feng Lun, Liang Hongda, Liang Dong, the complete works of Jin Yong’s martial arts, The Notes of So Many Crimes and other paid content have been launched. Among them, the paid program of Taiwan Province aesthetic master, poet and writer Jiang Xun has been online for one month, with more than 30,000 subscribers and revenue of nearly 2 million yuan.

　　"A lot of professional content is the biggest advantage of dragonfly FM." According to the person in charge of Dragonfly FM, the platform has included the contents of more than 3,000 radio stations and more than 1,000 university radio stations nationwide, aggregated more than 9 million hours of audio programs, and reached a strategic cooperation with Chinese Online Group, and obtained the right to make the content created by 17K Novel Network and Tangyuan into audio works.

　　It can be said that 2017 is a great year for content entrepreneurship, and various content platforms such as video, WeChat official account and audio have sprung up, and more and more people are beginning to realize the popularity of audio content payment. A person related to dragonfly FM said, "We hope that users who buy paid content are customers who really have demands for audio content. Buyers will carefully think about whether they really have this demand, and listen carefully after purchasing and gain something. There is no shortage of information in this world. What is lacking is screening. Paid audio will allow users to obtain higher quality content products in a shorter time. "

How much is the latest quotation from Volkswagen Magotan？

　　Volkswagen 4S store clearance crazy promotion festival activities, all the new Volkswagen Magotan in the store give back to new and old customers at the group purchase price. In order to complete the sales task of manufacturers and obtain the factory rebate, the store is authorized by the manufacturers to sell to the whole country. There are 2020 models of Volkswagen Magotan (national six) full-line preferential promotion (brand-new commercial vehicles in the last two months), with a maximum comprehensive discount of 45,000. Now there are enough cars in the store, with complete colors, which are sold nationwide, and none. Vehicle conformity certificate, PDI test certificate, maintenance manual, three-guarantee certificate) can be used all over the country, and it is guaranteed nationwide, providing pick-up service. All procedures go with the car, and there is a gift package worth 15,800 yuan to buy a car. There are no additional conditions when you come to the store to buy a car. Welcome all riders to discuss it in detail! Considering that foreign riders have a long journey to buy a car, all riders who come to our store to buy a car successfully will be reimbursed for their one-way fare (2,000 yuan to include air tickets, train tickets and buses) [see the contact number of the 4S shop at the bottom of the news]

series car make and model Guide price (ten thousand) Preferential price (ten thousand) Preferential price (ten thousand) Current vehicle condition Volkswagen Magotan 2020 280TSIDSG Comfort Type 18.69 ↓ 30-40 thousand Negotiate the lowest price There are plenty of cars. Volkswagen Magotan 2020 280TSIDSG Leading Model 20.99 ↓ 40-50 thousand Negotiate the lowest price There are plenty of cars. Volkswagen Magotan 2020 330TSI DSG Leading Model 21.99 ↓ 40-50 thousand Negotiate the lowest price There are plenty of cars. Volkswagen Magotan 2020 330TSI DSG luxury model 23.39 ↓ 40-50 thousand Negotiate the lowest price There are plenty of cars. Volkswagen Magotan 2020 330TSI DSG distinguished model 25.89 ↓ 40-50 thousand Negotiate the lowest price There are plenty of cars. Volkswagen Magotan 2020 380TSI DSG luxury model 24.99 ↓ 40-50 thousand Negotiate the lowest price There are plenty of cars. Volkswagen Magotan 2020 380TSI DSG distinguished model 26.99 ↓ 40-50 thousand Negotiate the lowest price There are plenty of cars. Volkswagen Magotan 2020 380TSI DSG flagship model 30.99 ↓ 40-50 thousand Negotiate the lowest price There are plenty of cars.

　　Gift package content: explosion-proof membrane, fender, carpet, perfume, handle cover, rain shield, car clothes, headrest, pillow, seat cover, car hanger, car Bluetooth, chassis guard, welcome pedal, tire cleaner, leather seat, driving recorder, tripod, fire extinguisher, steering wheel lock, DVD navigation, reversing radar [see the contact number of 4S shop at the bottom of the news]

　　There are not many changes in the new Magotan in the mid-term, but it is innovative. Younger front air intake grille and lower enclosure, brand-new wheels, and front and rear headlight groups have all undergone considerable changes, and the whole style has moved closer to sports youthfulness. All-LED Matrix matrix headlight group, including internal and external dual modules, flowing steering, 12+32 independently controlled LED light source, etc., has a certain improvement in lighting effect compared with the old models. [Check the contact number of the 4S shop at the bottom of the news]