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The Ministry of Agriculture answered a reporter’s question on "agricultural structural adjustment"
-Overall planning for stable production, supply, income and ecology.
Improve the competitiveness of agricultural development

On the morning of May 5th, the Information Office of the Ministry of Agriculture held a special press conference on "Agricultural Structure Adjustment". Yu Xinrong, Vice Minister of Agriculture, introduced the situation that the Ministry of Agriculture carried out the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, and promoted the agricultural structure adjustment, and answered the reporter’s questions together with Zeng Yande, Director of Planting Department, Ma Youxiang, Director of Animal Husbandry Department, and Zhao Xingwu, Director of Fisheries and Fishery Bureau. Ye Zhenqin, director of the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and spokesperson, presided over the press conference.

Yu Xinrong said that the general idea of agricultural structure adjustment is to adjust and optimize the agricultural structure based on the current situation, with a long-term view, guided by market demand, with deepening rural reform as the new driving force, with green development, improving quality and efficiency, and exploring mechanisms as the direction, to promote institutional and institutional innovation, and to make overall plans to stabilize production, ensure supply, ensure income and protect ecology, so as to continuously improve the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agricultural development.

Adjustment of planting structure: scientifically guiding the reduction of corn in non-dominant producing areas

Yu Xinrong:China’s grain output has achieved "12 consecutive increases", the relationship between supply and demand has been improved, and the food security situation is one of the best periods. But at the same time, we should also see that the structural contradiction of agriculture has begun to appear, which is mainly reflected in the coexistence of staged and structural oversupply and insufficient supply. From the perspective of planting, the supply and demand of wheat and rice rations are basically balanced, and the supply of corn exceeds demand in stages; The gap between supply and demand of soybeans is gradually expanding. At the same time, the import of cotton, oilseeds and sugar increased due to resource constraints and the impact of the international market. I want to emphasize in particular that the supply and demand of wheat and rice are basically balanced at present, and there are mainly corn in the inventory.

With the increasing constraint of resources and environment, the demand for upgrading consumption structure is getting higher and higher, the degree of industrial integration is getting deeper and deeper, and the linkage between domestic and foreign markets is getting tighter and tighter. It is not enough to follow the past thinking. It is necessary to adjust and optimize the planting structure and lead the structural reform of agricultural supply side on the agenda, so that modern agriculture can achieve more stable, sustained and better development on the original basis.

To this end, the Ministry of Agriculture has specially compiled the National Planting Structure Adjustment Plan (2016-2020), which has made an overall design of the main crop variety structure and regional layout during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, with the aim of guiding all localities to make scientific adjustments in accordance with scientific, ecological and sustainable requirements and the layout of functional areas. The overall consideration is to ensure food rations and grains, stabilize the self-sufficiency level of cotton, edible vegetable oil and sugar, and at the same time ensure the balanced production and supply of vegetables.

The adjustment of corn structure is the focus of this planting structure adjustment, and the adjustment area is the "sickle bend" area. In the second half of last year, the Ministry of Agriculture formulated and issued "Guiding Opinions on Corn Structure Adjustment in Sickle Bend Area". The overall idea is to ensure production capacity, properly adjust and industrialize. Ensuring production capacity means consolidating and upgrading advantageous production areas, strengthening infrastructure construction and ensuring corn production capacity. Appropriate adjustment means appropriately reducing the corn area in non-dominant areas, especially in the "sickle bend" area, and doing subtraction and addition together to encourage farmers to replant the withdrawn corn into other crops that are needed by the market and have better benefits. For suitable areas, areas with good economic, social and ecological benefits, we should also strengthen production capacity and promote the healthy development of corn production by increasing unit yield. Industrialization, corn is an agricultural product with high energy and long industrial chain, and its subsequent processing industrial chain is very long, so we propose to promote the transformation of corn with the concept of industry, realize the increase of farmers’ income and the better development of local economy.

At the same time, corn is the basic feed source of aquaculture. We can develop animal husbandry and processing industry by using it, which can be likened to changing "granary" into "granary+meat storehouse+milk bottle+sugar jar+fuel tank", and turning it into a good industry for increasing farmers’ income and developing local economy through serialization and in-depth development. How does corn become a "fuel tank"? Because corn is a good raw material for bio-fuel, and we have set up points in some places a few years ago and are exploring. Therefore, to improve the comprehensive benefits of corn is also an important content of this corn structure adjustment.

In terms of work deployment, we have coordinated the reduction of corn with the pilot of grain-bean rotation and grain-to-feed reform and the reform of corn storage and storage system. The key point is to reduce the non-dominant production areas in the "sickle bend" areas such as the cold northeast area and the farming-pastoral ecotone in the north, and actively guide farmers to replant soybeans, potato miscellaneous grains, silage corn and high-quality forage grass.

Around this goal, the agricultural sector has taken various measures. The first is to strengthen organizational promotion. The Ministry of Agriculture held several meetings to make arrangements, and sent working groups to Northeast China, Huanghuaihai and other areas with heavy structural adjustment tasks five times to supervise and inspect the implementation of key tasks such as grain-bean rotation and grain-to-feed conversion. All localities have decomposed tasks at different levels and accelerated the implementation. Heilongjiang Province has included the task of corn reduction in the performance appraisal of the main party and government leaders in counties and cities. At present, the relevant provinces have implemented the reduced area to counties and townships. The second is to strengthen guidance services. The Ministry of Agriculture organized experts to guide the formulation of more than 10 technical plans for sub-regions and sub-crops, and released them in key seasons. Agricultural departments at all levels organized nearly 300,000 government officials and agricultural technicians to go deep into the front line of production, and took the form of casing pieces and entering villages and households to help farmers solve practical difficulties. The third is to strengthen policy support. The Ministry of Agriculture, together with the Ministry of Finance, integrated 3.25 billion yuan of funds to support the structural adjustment of corn, focusing on subsidizing the development of grain-to-feed and grain-bean rotation. Before spring sowing, the funds were allocated to all localities, and the number of pilot counties for grain-to-feed reform increased from 30 to 100 this year. Cooperate with the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance and other departments to further improve the policy of purchasing and storing corn, and actively promote the reform of "market-oriented acquisition" and "subsidy".

According to the agricultural situation dispatch of the Ministry of Agriculture and the reflection of various localities, the adjustment of planting structure has started well this year. First, it is estimated that the intended planting area of corn will be reduced by more than 20 million mu this year. Second, the recovery of soybean area has increased, which is expected to increase by more than 6 million mu this year. Third, the varieties with strong market demand have increased more. Fourth, the varieties of rice, wheat and other rations remained stable.

Structural adjustment of animal husbandry: optimizing the layout of pigs and developing herbivorous animal husbandry

Yu Xinrong:The weak production base, relatively backward development mode and tight ecological environment constraints are the outstanding problems facing the development of animal husbandry at present. Promoting the structural adjustment of animal husbandry, optimizing pig layout and developing herbivorous animal husbandry are the key points. In May 2015, the Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Herbivorous Animal Husbandry was issued, and in April this year, the National Pig Production Development Plan (2016-2020) was issued. The general consideration is to stabilize pigs, promote cattle and sheep, improve the matching degree of resources and environment, and promote the transformation, upgrading and green development of animal husbandry. We have made arrangements for this work since last year.

Pork is the main meat variety consumed by urban and rural residents in China. In order to maintain the stable development of pig production, the Ministry of Agriculture focuses on three things. First, it optimizes and adjusts the regional layout. In November 2015, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Optimization and Adjustment of Pig Breeding Layout in Southern Water Network Areas. The second is to speed up the development of standardized scale breeding. To stabilize pig production, it is very important to promote standardized production and gradually solve the small-scale and pollution-prone mode of raising pigs for thousands of households. The third is to promote the comprehensive utilization of waste and the harmless treatment of dead pigs, focusing on large pig breeding counties, start the establishment of demonstration counties for green development of animal husbandry, and develop ecological recycling farming. At the same time, strengthen the harmless treatment of dead pigs and strengthen the supervision of pig slaughter.

In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture will guide and promote the rational delineation of suitable breeding areas and prohibited breeding areas, and create 100 national pig standardization demonstration farms and 10 animal husbandry green development demonstration counties in the southern water network area; The pilot project of "two reductions" in reducing livestock and poultry and aquaculture was carried out in Dongting Lake area, which accumulated successful experience that can be replicated and popularized for promoting pollution control of livestock and poultry breeding. At the same time, coordinate relevant departments to increase support for standardized scale breeding of pigs, and focus on the construction of manure treatment facilities; In conjunction with relevant departments, we will study the ways for the central government and governments at all levels to subsidize the insurance premium of pig price index, and gradually implement it in large-scale farms and large-scale pig-raising enterprises in large pig-raising counties across the country, so as to help iron out the "pig cycle."

With the upgrading of consumption structure, the supply of beef and mutton is relatively insufficient, and everyone is also very concerned. The Ministry of Agriculture vigorously promotes the development of herbivorous animal husbandry to ensure the supply of the market. First, do a good job in planning guidance. Together with the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance, the National Development Plan for Beef and Mutton was issued, which is now being implemented. The second is to support large-scale farming. In particular, we will vigorously promote the large-scale breeding of cattle and sheep, develop high-quality forage materials such as silage corn and alfalfa according to local conditions, and focus on solving the problems of weak breeding foundation and backward feeding methods. The third is to strengthen the construction of herbivorous livestock and poultry seed industry. Increase investment in science and technology and capital, speed up the improvement of local varieties, improve the breeding system of improved cattle and sheep, carry out the increment of basic cow herd expansion, and curb the downward trend of cow number. In particular, the Ministry of Agriculture attaches great importance to promoting and supporting local efforts to revitalize the dairy industry, speeding up the modernization of the dairy industry, and striving to improve the quality and quality safety of domestic dairy products to meet the needs of the domestic people.

Adjustment of fishery structure: promoting healthy farming and developing clean production

Yu Xinrong:The fishery production and supply market has been very good. At present, fishery resources continue to decline, fishing capacity is overcapacity, and the ecological environment pollution in waters is aggravated. The Ministry of Agriculture is studying and formulating the Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Transformation of Fishery Mode and Structure, and making special arrangements. The general idea is to improve quality and increase efficiency, reduce production and increase income, develop green, and enrich fishermen, and strive to change the way of breeding, operation, management and resource utilization, optimize regional layout, product structure, industrial structure and factor allocation, and promote the transformation and upgrading of fisheries.

The Ministry of Agriculture focuses on the following tasks: First, change the way of aquaculture. Vigorously promote standardized healthy aquaculture of aquatic products. The second is to strengthen the protection of fishery resources. We will continue to organize and implement the summer fishing moratorium in the coastal areas and the fishing bans in the Yangtze River and Pearl River, and will intensify efforts to promote the proliferation and release of aquatic biological resources and the construction of marine pastures to protect rare and endangered aquatic animals such as Chinese sturgeon and finless porpoise. The third is to reduce fishing capacity. Four special clean-up operations were organized nationwide to clean up the "homeless net". According to statistics, nearly 600,000 illegal fishing gear (tops) were cleaned up and 16,000 ships involved in fishing were banned. Good results have been achieved.

Next, the Ministry of Agriculture will also promote the improvement of the fishery oil price subsidy policy and other transfer mode policies to support fishery development, strengthen the protection of fishery resources and water environment, continue to vigorously clean up and rectify the "lost household network" and "three ships involved in fishing", especially implement the requirements of the Supreme Leader General Secretary for the ecological sustainable development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and continuously improve the aquatic resources and environment in the Yangtze River Basin.

This adjustment of agricultural structure better reflects the five new development concepts of the central government, which can not only ensure the national food security, but also continuously improve the ecological environment, leaving a blue sky, a green water and a high-quality cultivated land, making due contributions to the continuous development and progress of the Chinese nation.

Actively and effectively guide farmers to adjust planting structure

China News Service reporter:The reform of corn storage and storage system has been announced for one month. At present, it is the key period of spring sowing in the north. In the interview, we found that farmers want to reduce corn, but they don’t know what to replant. I wonder how the Ministry of Agriculture can guide farmers to adjust their planting structure.

Yu Xinrong:Your question is very timely, which reflects the aspirations of farmers and is what we are doing. According to the arrangement of the central government, the corn purchasing and storage system has been reformed this year, from the past temporary purchasing and storage policy to the new mechanism of "market acquisition+subsidy". In the past, in order to protect the interests of farmers, especially farmers who grow corn, the bottom purchase was completed by the state; This time, it is a market-oriented acquisition, but at the same time, in order to protect the interests of corn producers, necessary subsidies are given. There are two key points in this policy. One is that the price of corn fully reflects the market formation mechanism, and producers sell corn on the market with them. Various market entities independently enter the market for acquisition. The other is to establish a subsidy system for corn producers to keep the income of farmers planting corn in advantageous producing areas basically stable. Therefore, after the announcement of this system, local governments and grassroots cadres in the main corn producing areas increased their propaganda efforts, and together with the farmers, they tried their best to understand and understand the significance of this policy. The agricultural departments at all levels, in particular, should focus on the central government’s reform measures. In the process of policy adjustment and changes in the corn market, they should not only protect farmers’ enthusiasm for planting grain and corn, but also guide non-dominant areas to plant other crop varieties, such as grain-bean rotation.

As far as we know, after the announcement of the reform of the corn storage system, areas such as the fourth and fifth accumulated temperature zones in Heilongjiang Province are actively reducing corn, but some farmers don’t know what to replant. This problem is a problem that governments at all levels and agricultural departments need to focus on. I have talked about three points before to solve this problem, and besides, I have done three things: First, we have done a good job in planning and guidance. We issued the National Planting Structure Adjustment Plan (2016-2020) in time, and put forward opinions on the adjustment of variety structure and regional layout. Second, strengthen demonstration and guidance, mobilize agricultural technicians, grassroots cadres, and some large planters and experts, take the lead in carrying out planting structure adjustment, and provide as good services as possible in terms of technical materials. This year’s new varieties are also one of the most timely and best years to provide. The third is to strengthen publicity and guidance. The Ministry of Agriculture held a press conference in early April to introduce the situation of corn structural adjustment to the society in a timely manner, and sent a number of working groups to the main grain producing areas, together with grassroots cadres, to preach policies to farmers, guide relevant technologies, and provide quality services. "Farmers Daily" also opened a column to publicize the good experiences and practices of corn structural adjustment in various places. I would also like to mention in particular that in the process of policy adjustment, many news media have actively interpreted it, which has provided good help for grassroots farmers, especially large growers, to understand the policy in time, calculate the planting management accounts and plan this year’s planting plan.

Adjusting the structure cannot affect the safety of grain, especially rations.

Farmer Daily reporter:Last week, the Ministry of Agriculture just announced the "National Planting Structure Adjustment Plan (2016-2020)". What are the main features of this round of structural adjustment and what kind of goals should be achieved?

Yu Xinrong:Planting structure adjustment planning adheres to the five development concepts put forward by the central government. Specifically, it has the following characteristics: First, it highlights the green guidance. It is proposed to grasp the economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits and achieve the unity of the three benefits. The second is to coordinate and promote. A series of innovative ideas, innovative measures and innovative methods have been put forward in crop structure, variety structure, regional layout and industrial integration. The third is to focus on key efforts. According to the national planting structure adjustment plan, highlight the diversity of biological and climatic conditions, follow the laws of agriculture itself, not only keep the bottom line of food security, but also pay attention to those non-dominant areas and guide them to develop more suitable industries and varieties. For some major grain producing areas, special support policies are adopted, such as strengthening the construction of high-standard farmland and consolidating and improving grain production capacity. The fourth is to lay a good "combination boxing". Do a good job of addition, establish a big food concept, face the whole land resources, and develop food resources in all directions and in many ways. Do a good job of subtraction, based on resource conditions and market demand, reduce production in non-dominant areas, reduce groundwater funnels, heavy metal pollution areas and areas with serious ecological degradation, and reduce environmental pressure. Do a good job of multiplication, make full use of light, temperature, water, gas, soil and biological resources, change the single planting mode, establish a reasonable rotation system, improve soil and enhance soil fertility, and coordinate economic, social and ecological benefits, so as to realize the sustainable utilization of agricultural resources.

Implement the plan of planting structure adjustment, and strive to achieve the goal of "two guarantees, three stability and two coordination". First, we must achieve "two guarantees", that is, food and grain. We should not affect the safety of grain, especially rations, because of structural adjustment, so as to ensure that grain is basically self-sufficient and rations are absolutely safe. Second, we should stress the "three stabilities" and stabilize the self-sufficiency level of cotton, edible vegetable oil and sugar, which is the daily supply that our people need. Third, do a good job of "two coordination". To achieve the coordination of vegetable production and demand, forage production and animal husbandry. Further implement the "vegetable basket" mayor responsibility system and the food security governor responsibility system.

Pay close attention to various subsidy policies such as grain-bean rotation and grain-to-feed.
Cash to households and implement to fields as soon as possible.

Xinhua News Agency reporter:At present, there have been some positive changes in the adjustment of corn structure, but there are also some problems. For example, some farmers will worry about whether the products of alternative crops will sell well in the market, and what is the benefit of continuing to grow corn? What measures and considerations does the Ministry of Agriculture have on this issue?

Zeng Yande:This is also a key issue that we are currently concerned about. A prominent feature of agricultural production this year is the positive changes in structural adjustment. It shows that the adjustment of corn structure has a good start, which is a good momentum and also enhances our confidence. Of course, from the situation reflected by grassroots cadres and farmers, there are still some problems worthy of attention in the current corn structure adjustment. Mainly manifested as "three worries":

First, I am worried that the benefits of planting are difficult to protect. As we all know, what farmers plant depends on the price and benefits, and what benefits are good and earns more money will be planted. In the first two years, when the price of corn was good, farmers planted more corn, and the main producing areas in Northeast China were investigated. In general, the income per mu of corn was 200 yuan higher than that of soybeans. Farmers are worried that after switching to soybeans, the benefits will not catch up with corn. This is a realistic problem, which depends on policy guidance and subsidies for farmers who grow soybeans.

Second, it is worried that the market for alternative crop products is difficult to sell. We reduced corn, mainly by planting soybeans, miscellaneous grains and beans, silage corn and high-quality forage. Soybean is purchased by market, and the market of miscellaneous grains and beans fluctuates greatly, so silage corn and forage must be combined with planting and breeding. If there are too many of these products, it may be difficult to sell them and the price may come down. This depends on market guidance and good connection between production and marketing.

Third, I am worried that the enthusiasm of new agricultural business entities will be affected. In recent years, large growers, family farms, farmers’ cooperatives and other new business entities have become the main force of grain production. After the reform of the corn purchasing and storage system, the income expectation will drop and the enthusiasm will be affected. We will pay close attention to these problems with relevant departments and actively respond to them to protect farmers’ enthusiasm for production.

In the next step, we should focus on three things. First, we should strengthen publicity and guidance. At present, it is at the peak of spring sowing in the north, and we propose to interpret the key contents of the reform of corn storage system in various forms, so that farmers can understand the connotation and requirements of the policy, and make detailed accounts and arrange the structure. Recently, agricultural departments at all levels have organized cadres and agricultural technicians, including conducting a survey of "100 rural households", entering villages and households, and preaching policies. The second is to promote policy implementation. In conjunction with the financial departments, we will pay close attention to the implementation of various subsidy policies such as grain-bean rotation and grain-to-feed as soon as possible. Conscientiously implement the soybean target price policy, scientifically collect the price, reasonably calculate and protect the enthusiasm of farmers to grow beans. The third is to promote the convergence of production and marketing. By holding fairs, fairs and other forms, we will promote special agricultural products such as miscellaneous grains and beans to expand market consumption. At the same time, actively promote "modern agriculture in internet plus", develop e-commerce and expand the market, so that products can be sold smoothly and farmers’ income can increase steadily.

Last year, farmers in the pilot area of changing grain to feed increased their income and increased their efficiency.

People’s Daily reporter:Last year, the No.1 Document of the Central Committee clearly proposed to carry out a pilot project of changing grain to feed. As far as we know, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Finance have carried out pilot projects in some provinces and cities last year. What is the effect now? How to advance in the future?

Ma Youxiang:Forage is as important to livestock and poultry breeding as three meals a day is to people. Good livestock can produce good milk and meat only by eating good grass and using good materials. High-quality forage is the most basic foundation of animal husbandry, and the shortage of high-quality forage is one of the important bottlenecks restricting the development of herbivorous animal husbandry in China. Last year, the Ministry of Agriculture, together with the Ministry of Finance, selected 30 counties in 10 provinces and autonomous regions, including Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia, to carry out the experiment of changing grain to feed, focusing on whole-plant silage corn and promoting the matching of grass and livestock. Practice has proved that the grain-to-feed pilot has achieved a good win-win effect of planting and breeding, which is not only an important way to adjust the planting structure, but also a key measure to improve the quality and efficiency of herbivorous animal husbandry, and has been widely welcomed by farmers. I would like to give you a brief report on four sets of data: First, last year, the grain-to-feed plan planted 1.5 million mu, and actually implemented 2.86 million mu, and collected and stored 9.95 million tons of high-quality forage, which nearly doubled the expected target. This shows that farmers are active in grain-to-feed and support this policy. Secondly, the average yield of whole silage corn in the pilot area is 3.5 tons per mu, and the average purchase price per ton is 410 yuan money. The income of one mu of land is 1,435 yuan, which is 335 yuan higher than that of planting seed corn. This shows that farmers have increased their income and gained benefits. Thirdly, the whole plant of silage corn was popularized in dairy scale farms, and the average yield of adult cows reached 8 tons, saving 300 yuan in feed cost for producing one ton of milk. Milk protein and other quality indicators have also been significantly improved. Feeding whole-plant silage to beef cattle saves 1000 yuan per slaughter, which shows that the breeding efficiency has been improved.

According to Document No.1 of the Central Committee in 2016 and the spirit of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", this year, the central government will increase its support, and expand the pilot scope of changing grain to feed to the whole "Sickle Bend" area and the main corn producing areas in Huanghuaihai, and the number of pilot counties will increase from 30 to 100. How to advance this year? We mainly guide local governments to do a good job in four aspects, which can be summarized as "two reasonable determinations and two continuous strengthening". Two reasonable determinations, one is to reasonably determine the area of changing grain to feed, insist on raising and planting seeds for raising and planting seeds for raising, and reasonably determine the planting scale to ensure that the produced feed can be sold, used and has good benefits. The second is to reasonably determine the varieties of grain to feed, adhere to local conditions, rationally replant, and scientifically choose planting varieties. Planting silage corn is suitable for planting silage corn, and planting alfalfa is suitable for planting alfalfa. It is necessary to choose a good variety. The first is to continue to strengthen the industrialization of forage production, adhere to large-scale planting, mechanized operation and standardized production as the main direction, accelerate the construction of modern forage production system, and fill the shortcomings in the development of herbivorous animal husbandry. The second is to continue to strengthen the management of support funds, that is to say, to manage and make good use of support funds. We insist on the task to the province, the capital to the province, and the responsibility to the province, giving local full autonomy. At the same time, establish and improve the supervision and evaluation system, ensure the good use of support funds, and effectively play its due effect.

Actively promote the development of potato industry and build a staple food culture in a well-off society

People’s Daily reporter:The key point of reducing corn is to change rice to beans and grain to feed, and potato is also an alternative crop. Everyone is very concerned about this issue, that is, what new measures does the Ministry of Agriculture have in promoting the development of potato industry?

Yu Xinrong:Now our country has entered the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, which is reflected in all aspects, one of which is the upgrading of consumption structure, not only eating well, but also eating healthily. Potatoes are recognized as a staple food in the world, but for many reasons, we didn’t really realize this in the past. In the past two years, through various publicity, this cognition has been more and more accepted by the society, and encouraging achievements have been made in the development of potato industry. Potato staple products have entered the market and entered thousands of households.

I would like to quote a figure here. Every day in Beijing alone, there are more than 600 supermarkets selling staple food products such as potato steamed bread and noodles. Farmers who grow potatoes can also feel that the prices in these two years are good. Now more and more consumers realize that potato is a healthy food, and it has entered the stage of comprehensive utilization of staple food and non-staple food from the past. Now the central government is also increasing its support, and governments at all levels also regard it as the focus of structural adjustment.

The agricultural sector will further improve the situation and guide consumption with nutrition, which is produced in consumer guide. First, speed up technological innovation. Further screen out a number of new varieties with high quality, high yield, stress resistance, excellent comprehensive characteristics and suitable for staple food processing, and develop the formula and technology of potato steamed bread, noodles and products with different regional characteristics. The second is to promote industrial development. Continue to do a good job in the pilot development of potato staple food, reduce the cost of potato planting and staple food processing, improve product quality and meet the needs of consumers. The third is to strengthen publicity and guidance. Make full use of TV, radio, internet and other media, vigorously carry out popular science propaganda, guide healthy consumption, and create a staple food culture in a well-off society.

Corn will not be the "second soybean"

CCTV reporter:In the interview, we noticed that corn has been greatly reduced this year, and it was originally planned to reduce by 10 million mu, which is expected to exceed this area this year, and the import of corn and its substitutes is increasing, so some people are worried that corn will become the "second soybean".

Zeng Yande:At present, there is a staged oversupply of corn, which is caused by many factors. Basically, there are two things: first, the domestic supply has increased. In the past 12 years, the area of corn has increased by 210 million mu, exceeding the increase of grain area in the same period. The output increased by 217.5 billion Jin, accounting for 57% of the grain increase in the same period. Second, the import of corn and substitutes increased. As we all know, affected by the price difference at home and abroad, the import of corn and its substitutes has gradually increased in recent years. Last year, we imported more than 4.7 million tons of corn, up 82% year-on-year. At the same time, sorghum, barley and other substitute varieties are imported more. Last year, 10.7 million tons of sorghum and 10.73 million tons of barley were imported, up by 85% and 98% respectively. In addition, some cassava and corn distiller’s grains were imported, and the increase of corn production and foreign imports "met", resulting in a large increase in inventory.

Will corn become the "second soybean"? From two aspects, in the short term, there is not less corn, but more corn, so we should take the initiative to reduce corn and reduce the inventory pressure. In the long run, corn, as energy feed and processing raw materials, is a variety with increasing demand and should develop steadily.

We believe that corn will not become the "second soybean", mainly based on the following judgments: First, as an important grain variety, corn should be protected. The central government clearly put forward the national food security strategy under the new situation, and also clearly put forward the strategic bottom line of "ensuring the basic self-sufficiency of grain and the absolute safety of rations". This shows that wheat, rice and other grain varieties must be guaranteed, and corn, as an important grain variety and energy feed, should also maintain a stable self-sufficiency level, which is strategically determined. Although the current supply of corn exceeds demand in stages and needs to be reduced appropriately, there will be many policy measures to maintain the stable development of corn production if there is a sharp decline in corn production and once the national food security is endangered.

Second, the current reduction is in a non-dominant area with limited impact. Just now, Minister Yu said that our current round of adjustment is to appropriately reduce the cold and cool areas in the northeast, the farming-pastoral ecotone in the north, the arid areas in the northwest and the rocky desertification areas in the southwest while consolidating the dominant production areas. We call this area the non-dominant production areas in the "sickle bend" area, and the impact of reduction in this area on food security is limited.

Third, there are trade control measures, which can play a role. According to the WTO commitment, we have no quota restrictions on soybean imports, and implement a single tariff management, with an import tariff of 3%. The corn is subject to quota management, with a total quota of 7.2 million tons, and the tariff within the quota is 1% and the tariff outside the quota is 65%. In recent years, the actual annual import of corn in China is within the quota, mainly because the import of substitute products has increased a lot. In addition, we should see that the world soybean trade volume is 117 million tons, which is higher than China’s soybean consumption, and the import supply is sufficient; The world corn trade volume is only about 120 million tons, accounting for only about 60% of China’s corn consumption. We often say that if the price of oil rises above a certain level, a considerable part of corn will be converted into fuel ethanol, and the supply of corn will be reduced. Therefore, it is unrealistic to import in large quantities.

We should also see that during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the state carried out large-scale construction of high-standard farmland, and proposed to ensure the construction of 800 million mu, and strive to build 1 billion mu of high-standard farmland that is concentrated and contiguous, stable and high-yield, and eco-friendly, so as to realize "storing grain in the ground". It can be said that we are confident in ensuring national food security, and it is possible to secure Chinese’s rice bowl.

Let our aquatic products be raised, sold and eaten.

Economic Daily reporter:Aquatic products are a hard dish on our dining table. With the improvement of our living standards, people are spending more and more on this hard dish, and the quality effect is getting higher and higher. How can we meet people’s increasing consumption demand for aquatic products and ensure the market supply of aquatic products?

Zhao Xingwu:As the saying goes, "No fish, no table". China’s aquatic products took the lead in realizing the market-oriented reform. In the past 30 years, the fishery has maintained rapid development, which has already solved the problem of eating fish. In 2015, the total amount of aquatic products in China reached 66.9 million tons, and the per capita possession of aquatic products was 48.65 kilograms, providing one third of high-quality protein for urban and rural residents. As we all know, at present, the supply of aquatic products market is sufficient, and the supply of traditional aquatic products such as the four major fish is excessive, and some even have serious pressure on ponds. Fisheries have entered a new normal of difficulty in selling fish, facing new problems of product structure optimization and consumption level upgrading. We are vigorously promoting the transformation and upgrading of fisheries, constantly optimizing the production structure of aquatic products by changing modes and adjusting structures, and constantly meeting the needs of the rapid upgrading of residents’ consumption structure. In short, it is to raise, sell and eat.

To raise them is to take the market demand as the guide, promote the optimization of breeding structure, encourage fishermen to raise more ecological fish and marketable fish, increase the production of high-quality and safe aquatic products, reduce the surplus staple goods varieties, reduce the ineffective supply, and let high-quality fish, shrimps, crabs and shellfish enter people’s homes and become home-cooked dishes. To sell is to intensify market development, strengthen brand creation, build a number of regional and national famous brands, encourage the innovation of aquatic products circulation channels, support the construction of cold chain logistics system for aquatic products credit, develop e-commerce and online sales with the help of the Internet, and promote high-quality aquatic products to enter supermarkets, communities, schools, enterprises, barracks and families. Eating it means supporting the development of aquatic product processing, strengthening the research on convenient and quick aquatic product processing, promoting primary processing, intensive processing, comprehensive utilization and coordinated development, making eating fish more convenient, easier, more time-saving, more convenient and more fashionable, and promoting the revolution of eating fish. To sum up, it is to raise fish, sell fish, eat fish, eat to promote nutrition, sell to help raise, add to help eat, and protect food.

In a word, it is to promote the structural reform of fishery supply side, push fishery to extend to the high end of industrial chain and price chain, produce more aquatic products with high quality and low price, and let the people eat green, safe and safe aquatic products.

In order to implement the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance’s Several Measures on Supporting Large-scale Equipment Renewal and Consumer Goods Trade-in (No.1104 [2024]) and the Notice of the General Office of the People’s Government of Zhejiang Province on Printing and Distributing the Action Plan for Further Promoting Consumer Goods Trade-in (No.26 [2024] of Zhejiang Province), further promote the expansion of consumption scale and effectively improve the quality of life of residents, according to the municipal party committee and the general office of Zhejiang Provincial People’s Government,

First, make efforts to promote automobile trade-in.

(1) Improve the subsidy standard for scrapping and renewing automobiles.

On the basis of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Shaoxing Consumer Goods Trade-in Policy (Shao Shang Lian Fa [2024] No.5) (hereinafter referred to as the Detailed Rules, the same below), from April 24, 2024 (including that day, the same below) to December 31, 2024, individual consumers will scrap fuel passenger cars with national emission standards of Grade III and below or new energy passenger cars registered before April 30, 2018. And purchase new energy passenger cars or fuel passenger cars with a displacement of 2.0 liters or less that are included in the Catalogue of New Energy Vehicles with Vehicle Purchase Tax Exemption, the subsidy standard will be raised to 20,000 yuan for purchasing qualified new energy passenger cars and 15,000 yuan for purchasing fuel cars with a displacement of 2.0 liters or less. Scrapped passenger cars under the name of the subsidy applicant should be registered in my name before July 25, 2024. During the subsidy application period, newly purchased cars should be registered in the name of the subsidy applicant. (Responsible units: Municipal Economic and Information Bureau, Municipal Public Security Bureau, Municipal Bureau of Commerce, district and county (city) governments, and Binhai New Area Management Committee shall be responsible according to the division of responsibilities, the same below. The following tasks need to be implemented by the district and county (city) governments and Binhai New Area, and are not listed)

(two) to carry out car replacement and renewal subsidies.

Individual consumers can apply for a one-time subsidy if they scrap or transfer (except for changes) passenger cars under their own names and purchase new passenger cars with 7 seats or less (subject to the place where the Uniform Invoice for Motor Vehicle Sales is issued) in Shaoxing. The new car price (subject to the tax-included price in the Uniform Invoice for Motor Vehicle Sales, the same below) is 6,000 yuan for fuel passenger cars and 8,000 yuan for new energy passenger cars between 50,000 yuan (inclusive) and 150,000 yuan (exclusive); Fuel passenger cars with a price between 150,000 yuan (inclusive) and 250,000 yuan (exclusive) will be subsidized by 8,000 yuan, and new energy passenger cars will be subsidized by 10,000 yuan; Fuel passenger cars with a price of more than 250,000 yuan (inclusive) will be subsidized by 10,000 yuan, and new energy passenger cars will be subsidized by 12,000 yuan. During the activity, each subsidy applicant or each used passenger car can only enjoy one subsidy. This policy can’t be enjoyed repeatedly with the national automobile scrapping and updating subsidy and the "national four and above emission standard fuel passenger car scrapping and updating subsidy" in the Implementation Rules. Replacement and renewal subsidy funds run out.

The subsidy applicant should submit an application in the WeChat applet "Car Replacement and Renewal Subsidy" before January 10, 2025, and upload relevant information as required. The place where the unified invoice for new car and motor vehicle sales is issued is the place where the subsidy is accepted. The old car registration time under the name of the subsidy applicant must be before the date of issuance of the provincial plan. The departments of commerce and public security in all districts and counties (cities) and Binhai New Area are responsible for the relevant audit work, and the tax authorities do a good job in the management of sales invoices for motor vehicles and used cars according to their duties.

Within 15 working days after receiving the application materials, the competent commercial departments of all districts, counties (cities) and Binhai New Area shall, in conjunction with relevant departments, conduct an audit according to their functions and responsibilities. If the information submitted by the subsidy applicant is true and complete and meets the requirements, it shall be examined and approved. If the information submitted by the subsidy applicant is incomplete or unclear, the business department of the receiving place will inform the subsidy applicant of the corrected information, and the subsidy applicant will correct the relevant information before the application deadline as required. After approval, the subsidy funds shall be allocated to the bank account designated by the subsidy applicant within 15 working days. All districts, counties (cities) and Binhai New Area should optimize the process of fund declaration and disbursement in light of the actual situation to ensure the direct enjoyment of policies. (Responsible units: Municipal Public Security Bureau, Municipal Bureau of Commerce and Municipal Taxation Bureau)

Second, vigorously promote the consumption of household appliances

All localities should fully release the national policy dividend, and give individual consumers a subsidy for purchasing eight types of household appliances, such as refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, air conditioners, computers, water heaters, household cookers and range hoods, with energy efficiency or water efficiency standards of Grade 2 or above. The subsidy standard is 15% of the sales price of the product, and 5% of the sales price of the product is additionally subsidized for those who purchase products with energy efficiency or water efficiency standards of Grade 1 or above. Each consumer can subsidize one product of each type, and the maximum subsidy for each product is no more than 2000 yuan. Encourage all localities to reasonably increase the categories of subsidies such as dryers and vacuum cleaners, especially the integration of local specialty products such as cookers and small household appliances to better meet consumer demand. (Responsible unit: Municipal Bureau of Commerce)

Third, carry out the trade-in of electric bicycles.

Trade-in of electric bicycles will be included in the "2024 Consumption Promotion Year" activity arrangement. Consumers who scrap old electric bicycles and buy new standard electric bicycles will be subsidized according to national standards to further standardize the recycling and disposal of scrapped electric bicycles and their batteries. Support electric bicycle manufacturers, sales enterprises and recycling enterprises to jointly carry out trade-in activities and give consumers superimposed concessions. Encourage qualified areas to integrate resources, and carry out electric bicycle trade-in activities online and offline. (Responsible units: Municipal Economic and Information Bureau, Municipal Public Security Bureau, Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Municipal Bureau of Commerce, Municipal Market Supervision Bureau)

Fourth, promote smart home consumption

Buy smart door locks (including smart security doors), intelligent curtain, smart clothes racks, smart home monitoring, smart lighting, smart toilets (including smart toilet lids), smart beds (including smart mattresses), smart tables and chairs (including smart massage chairs and smart sofas), smart fitness equipment, smart voice facilities (including smart speakers), intelligent service robots (including smart sweepers and mopping machines), and smart According to 15% of the transaction price after all discounts are excluded, each consumer can subsidize one product of each type, and the maximum subsidy for each product is not more than 2000 yuan. All localities can reasonably increase the categories of subsidies in light of the actual situation. (Responsible units: Municipal Economic and Information Bureau, Municipal Bureau of Commerce)

Five, encourage the renovation of old houses and local renovation of kitchen and bathroom.

Consumers who purchase tiles, floors, wallboard, integrated ceiling, suit doors, integral cabinets, shower rooms, sanitary wares and other articles and materials needed for renovation of old houses and local renovation of kitchens and bathrooms will be subsidized according to 20% of the purchase price of the above categories, and the maximum subsidy amount per person per suite will not exceed 20,000 yuan. Encourage all localities to reasonably increase the categories of subsidies according to the actual situation, and the categories of subsidies should be inclined to advanced, green, low-carbon and environmentally-friendly products to better meet the needs of residents for decoration and renovation.

All localities can reasonably adopt other subsidies in light of local conditions. The amount of subsidies shall refer to the above standards, and the operating rules such as the cash flow of subsidies shall be determined by each district, county (city) and Binhai New Area. (Responsible units: Municipal Construction Bureau and Municipal Bureau of Commerce)

Sixth, support the aging transformation of the home

Focusing on the five aspects of "toilet and bath safety, indoor walking convenience, home environment improvement, intelligent monitoring and follow-up, and adaptation of assistive devices", we will promote the old-for-new home aging renovation. After the purchased renovation items and materials meet the standards, we will give 50% of the purchase price to the eligible related items and materials, and the elderly families over 80 years old will rise by 10%, and the maximum subsidy amount will not exceed 20,000 yuan. (Responsible units: Civil Affairs Bureau and Municipal Bureau of Commerce)

Seven, promote the improvement of local consumption power.

On the basis of the total retail sales of social consumer goods in various places, we should comprehensively consider the gross domestic product, permanent population, retail sales of household appliances and other factors in various places, and do a good job in the allocation of state funds in pieces. Within the scope of national policies, in accordance with the requirements of "real money and silver concessions directly reach consumers", support local governments to independently implement trade-in of consumer goods, focusing on supporting smart homes and trade-in of household appliances other than eight categories. All localities should make full use of activities such as "Yue Hui Yue Sheng Huo" and hold colorful activities to promote consumption. (Responsible units: Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Municipal Finance Bureau and Municipal Bureau of Commerce)

VIII. Job Requirements

(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. All localities and departments should earnestly improve their political stance, recognize the importance and necessity of trade-in of consumer goods, accurately set work objectives, refine operational procedures, compact the responsibilities of all parties, and ensure the smooth implementation of policies. Relevant departments at the municipal level should regularly evaluate the effectiveness of policy implementation and dynamically adjust relevant policies in a timely manner.

(2) Strengthen overall fund planning. Adhere to the linkage between cities and counties to support the trade-in of consumer goods. All localities should make full use of the central and provincial funds for the trade-in of consumer goods, implement the national policy of scrapping and updating automobiles and subsidizing household appliances consumption, support the renovation of old houses, local renovation of kitchens and bathrooms, and aging renovation of families, and promote smart home consumption, so as to ensure that the investment meets the policy requirements, give play to the leverage of financial funds, and effectively enhance local consumption capacity. This round of trade-in activities for consumer goods will end on December 31, 2024. If the subsidy funds are used up ahead of schedule, an announcement on the end of the policy will be issued in time; If it is not used up, the central and provincial funds will be recovered.

(3) Strengthen the cooperation between government, enterprises and banks. All localities should support enterprises with different ownership and different registered places to participate in the trade-in work in accordance with the requirements of building a unified national market. All localities should give full play to the role of associations and chambers of commerce, and actively organize enterprises to jointly carry out a series of activities such as "Yuehuan yue life" consumer goods trade-in into neighborhoods, business districts and villages. Encourage financial institutions to optimize consumer financial products and services, increase the intensity of benefiting the people, and help consumer goods to trade in old ones through full reduction and installment. Give full play to the advantages of e-commerce platform, promote online and offline integration, support the opening of online trade-in zones, guide enterprises such as production, sales and recycling to carry out preferential activities, and fully amplify policy effects.

(4) standardize the order of activities. In the process of implementation, if a commodity is applicable to a number of consumer goods trade-in policies, consumers can enjoy it from a high level without repeating the preferential policies. All localities should strengthen market supervision, smooth complaint channels, crack down on counterfeiting, price fraud, illegal renovation, shoddy and other acts according to law, implement the whole process supervision of trade-in activities of consumer goods, and severely crack down on the acts of making up and cheating to ensure the smooth and orderly activities.

This action plan shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation of the provincial plan. In case of any inconsistency between Shaoxing Action Plan for Promoting Trade-in of Consumer Goods (Shao Shang Lian Fa [2024] No.3) and this action plan, this action plan shall prevail.

　　In the second half of 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader repeatedly stressed during his local inspection that it was necessary to "accelerate the formation of new quality productive forces". When presiding over the 11th collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The new quality productivity is an advanced productivity with high technology, high efficiency and high quality, which plays a leading role in innovation, gets rid of the traditional economic growth mode and productivity development path, and conforms to the new development concept. It was born out of revolutionary breakthrough in technology, innovative allocation of production factors, and deep transformation and upgrading of industries. The basic connotation is the leap of laborers, labor materials, labor objects and their optimized combinations, and the core symbol is the substantial improvement of total factor productivity. Its characteristics are innovation, the key is high quality, and the essence is advanced productivity. " During the two sessions of the National People’s Congress this year, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "We must firmly grasp the primary task of high-quality development and develop new quality productivity according to local conditions." A few days ago, when presiding over a symposium to promote the rise of the central region in the new era, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "We should lead industrial innovation with scientific and technological innovation and actively cultivate and develop new quality productive forces." General Secretary Supreme Leader’s important exposition on new quality productivity is an innovation and development of Marxist productivity theory, which further enriches Supreme Leader’s economic thought, has important theoretical and practical significance, and points out the way forward and provides fundamental follow-up for accelerating the development of new quality productivity and promoting high-quality development. The people’s court should thoroughly study and understand the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the new quality productive forces,Starting from the height of national strategy and the requirements of entering a new stage of development, we will comprehensively strengthen the judicial protection of intellectual property rights, better serve high-quality development and promote Chinese modernization.

　　Strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights is an inherent requirement and an important guarantee for developing new productive forces.

　　Promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation in an all-round way with Chinese modernization is the central task of the party and the country in the new era and new journey. High-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, which urgently needs the strong promotion and strong support of new quality productivity. Protecting intellectual property rights means protecting innovation, and protecting innovation means serving to accelerate the development of new quality productive forces. Intellectual property rights and innovation are directly related and closely related. As a strategic resource for national development, intellectual property rights are related to the development of science and technology; As the core element of international competitiveness, it is related to national security. Intellectual property rights can empower and integrate other factors of production, have multiplier and multiplication effects, and play an important role in developing new quality productivity. Therefore, we must give play to the leading, standardizing and guaranteeing role of the rule of law, strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights of key core technologies, key fields and emerging industries, and support and serve the development of new quality productive forces with the power of the rule of law.

　　Serve technological innovation and promote the formation of high-tech productivity. Scientific and technological innovation can give birth to new industries, new models and new kinetic energy, which is the core element of developing new quality productivity. The strength and level of judicial protection of intellectual property rights is directly related to the effect of protecting innovation achievements and stimulating innovation vitality, and directly affects the implementation and promotion of innovation-driven development strategy. The judiciary should strengthen the protection of innovation achievements and promote technological innovation and industrial upgrading.

　　Service industry innovation and promote the formation of high-efficiency productivity. The emergence of new quality productivity often leads to the adjustment of industrial structure. Only by transforming scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces can we effectively promote industrial transformation and upgrading and give birth to new industries, new formats and new models. The closer the innovation is to the forefront, the higher the risk and uncertainty. The judiciary should actively and timely respond to the new problems arising from the marketization of new productive forces and provide a clear judicial boundary for the application of new technologies. It is necessary to use powerful judicial means to help enterprises play the role of technological innovation subject, promote the circulation and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, strengthen the close integration of Industry-University-Research’s use and the cooperation of various innovative subjects, and promote the development of economy and society in standardization and innovation.

　　Service system innovation, promote the formation of high-quality productivity. It is necessary to strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition justice to accelerate the construction of an efficient, standardized, fair competition and fully open national unified market, promote the deep integration of innovation elements and effectively allocate innovation resources. Intellectual property is not only a "just need" for domestic development, but also a "standard" for international trade and investment, and plays a leading role in steadily expanding institutional opening. Strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights is of great significance for creating a market-oriented, rule-of-law and international first-class business environment and promoting high-level opening up.

　　Promoting the high-quality development of judicial protection of intellectual property rights under the guidance of modernization of trial concept

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the trial of intellectual property rights has played an important role in encouraging innovation, maintaining fair competition and promoting cultural prosperity, and the judicial protection of intellectual property rights has made historic achievements. In the new era and new journey, to promote the high-quality development of judicial protection of intellectual property rights, we must adhere to the judicial concept of strict protection and better serve innovation to drive development.

　　Adhere to the concept of strict protection of the judiciary and severely punish infringement and counterfeiting according to law. At present, infringement and counterfeiting still occur frequently in some fields, and strict protection is the main tone of judicial protection of intellectual property rights at this stage. It is necessary to comprehensively apply criminal, civil and administrative litigation procedures, fully implement the punitive damages system for intellectual property infringement in accordance with the law, and strengthen the coordination between administrative law enforcement and justice. The criminal responsibility should be strictly investigated according to law. Strengthen the construction of social credit system, ensure that there is no dead end in punishing violations, and let infringers pay a heavy price. It is necessary to establish a clear orientation with strict justice and create a stable, transparent, standardized and predictable legal environment for innovative entrepreneurs.

　　Adhere to the concept of strict protection of the judiciary and provide timely judicial relief for the obligee. Practice the consciousness of "as if I am suing", grasp the trial characteristics of intellectual property cases, improve quality and efficiency on the premise of ensuring fairness, better and faster identify disputes, resolve conflicts, honor rights and interests, and settle disputes. We will improve the rules of evidence of intellectual property rights, actively apply the rules of proof obstruction exclusion, evidence preservation and judicial expertise according to law, guide the parties to provide evidence actively, comprehensively and honestly, and reduce the burden of proof of the obligee according to law. Give full play to the system efficiency of behavior preservation, property preservation and evidence preservation, and prevent the obligee from winning the lawsuit and losing the market.

　　Adhere to the concept of strict protection of justice, ensure overall consideration of public interests and encourage innovation. While emphasizing strict protection, we should guard against abuse of rights. Accurately grasp the relationship between protecting individual rights and safeguarding public interests, promoting innovation and maintaining fair competition, and accurately divide the legal boundaries between protecting intellectual property rights and preventing abuse of rights, exercising intellectual property rights and abusing market dominance. Those who infringe on the goodwill of others and disrupt the market order by false litigation and malicious litigation will be resolutely corrected and held accountable.

　　Empowering the development of new productive forces with high-quality and efficient judicial protection of intellectual property rights

　　Standing at a new historical starting point, the people’s courts should be mindful of "the country is the biggest", deepen the reform and innovation in the field of intellectual property trial, effectively identify the entry point and combination point to promote the accelerated development of new quality productive forces, and serve the implementation of major national strategies with high-quality and efficient judicial protection of intellectual property rights to ensure the effective implementation of major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee.

　　Strengthen the protection of high-tech achievements and promote technological revolutionary breakthroughs. Strengthen the protection of innovations in big data, artificial intelligence, high-end chips, quantum technology, 5G and other technical fields, give full play to the advantages of centralized trial of technical cases such as invention patents, and actively use remedies such as litigation preservation and punitive damages to significantly increase the cost of infringement and illegality, so that "true innovation" is "really protected" and "high quality" is "strictly protected". Strengthen the protection of agricultural scientific and technological achievements such as biological breeding, severely punish violations of new plant variety rights, seed deck and other violations of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, and promote the improvement of the protection and utilization system of germplasm resources. Strengthen the protection of life science achievements such as genes, bio-manufacturing, innovative drugs, reasonably grasp the criteria for authorization and confirmation of drug patents, improve the drug patent link system, and strengthen the judicial protection of intellectual property rights of traditional Chinese medicine.

　　Strengthen the protection of new formats and new models, and promote the deep transformation and upgrading of the industry. Properly handle cases involving data and platform enterprises in accordance with the law, rationally divide the boundaries of data rights and interests and use behavior, safeguard users’ data rights and privacy rights, improve data intellectual property protection rules, promote the deep integration of digital technology and real economy, and promote the innovative development of digital economy. Standardize the registration and use of trademarks in accordance with the law, severely crack down on trademark climbing, counterfeit hitchhiking and malicious cybersquatting, continuously strengthen the judicial protection of well-known trademarks, traditional brands and time-honored Chinese brands, and create more internationally influential "Made in China" brands. Try all kinds of technical contract disputes in accordance with the law, strengthen the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the observant party, reasonably identify the distribution of interests and responsibilities formed in the development, transfer, licensing, pledge and consultation of technological achievements, guide and support enterprises to strengthen their technological research and development capabilities, and promote the transformation of technological achievements into real productivity and market competitiveness.

　　Strengthen the maintenance of competition order and promote the innovative allocation of production factors. Intensify anti-monopoly trials, severely punish monopolistic behaviors such as monopoly agreements and abuse of market dominance, safeguard the competitive interests of small and medium-sized enterprises in accordance with the law, and enhance the market competition power. We will improve the anti-monopoly judgment rules of the platform economy, severely punish the platform’s forced "two choices", big data killing, low-price dumping, forced tying and other behaviors that undermine fair competition and disrupt market order, and guide the platform economy to develop in the direction of openness, innovation and empowerment. Effectively regulate all kinds of monopoly and unfair competition, eliminate market blockade, ensure fair competition, and promote the smooth flow of production factors in a wider range.

　　Strengthen equal protection and international cooperation, and promote high-level opening up. Properly handle foreign-related intellectual property disputes in accordance with the law, make more leading judicial decisions in the world, and build an international intellectual property litigation preferred place. With vivid cases and examples of judicial protection of intellectual property rights, we can tell the story of intellectual property rights in China well, fully demonstrate the scientific, fair and efficient institutional advantages of intellectual property trial in China, highlight the image of a responsible big country in strengthening intellectual property protection, and form a stronger attraction to global factor resources. We will improve the long-term mechanism for international exchanges and cooperation in intellectual property rights and strengthen judicial exchanges and pragmatic cooperation in intellectual property rights. Actively participate in the global intellectual property governance under the framework of the World Intellectual Property Organization, promote the construction of open, inclusive, equal and fair international rules on intellectual property rights, promote the development of the global intellectual property governance system in a more just and reasonable direction, and create a good international environment for the development of new quality productivity.

　　Strengthen the protection of the interests of scientific researchers and stimulate innovation and creativity. Properly handle disputes arising from the ownership determination, right transfer, value determination and benefit distribution of scientific and technological achievements in accordance with the law, accurately define the legal boundary between service inventions and non-service inventions, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of service inventors to receive rewards and remuneration. Handle the relationship between the protection of trade secrets and the rational flow of talents, while protecting trade secrets according to law, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of high-tech talents in employment and entrepreneurship. Support scientific researchers’ autonomy in the use of funds and the decision-making power of technical routes according to law, and stimulate the endogenous motivation of scientific research. Recognize and protect the interests of new types of innovation in accordance with the law, encourage innovation and exploration, let enterprises dare to venture and try, and enhance the entrepreneurial innovation vitality and investment willingness of business entities in unknown areas and risk areas.

　　In the new era and new journey, the people’s courts should adhere to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, thoroughly study and implement the Supreme Leader’s rule of law thought, "increase incentives" by system construction and "strengthen protection" by law, unify the standards of legal application, ensure judicial fairness, efficiency and authority, provide clear, stable and predictable legal boundaries and rules of conduct for innovative subjects, promote the vitality of all production factors to compete with generate and all sources of innovation to fully flow in, and strive to open up a new situation in the judicial protection of intellectual property rights in the new era.

　　(The author is Vice President the Supreme People’s Court)

　　People’s Daily (March 27, 2024, 09 edition)